Ukudilika komhlaba kuyinhlekelele yemvelo evamile, evame ukubangelwa umhlabathi oxekethile, ukushelela kwamadwala nezinye izizathu.Ukudilika komhlaba akubangeli kuphela ukulimala kanye nokulahlekelwa kwempahla ngokuqondile, kodwa futhi kunomthelela omkhulu endaweni ezungezile.Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa kwezinhlelo zokuqapha ukudilika komhlaba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela nokunciphisa ukwenzeka kwezinhlekelele.
Isidingo sokuqapha izinhlelo zokudilika komhlaba
Ukwenzeka kokubhidlika kwenhlabathi kuvame ukubangela ukulimala okukhulu kanye nokulahlekelwa kwempahla, futhi kunomthelela omubi kakhulu endaweni ezungezile.Izindlela zendabuko zokuqapha izinhlekelele ngokuvamile zisekelwe ekutakuleni izimo eziphuthumayo ngemva kokwenzeka kwezinhlekelele.Le ndlela ayikwazi nje ukunciphisa ngempumelelo ukulahlekelwa uma kwenzeka izinhlekelele, kodwa ingase ikhulise ukulahlekelwa ngenxa yokuhlenga kungakabi yisikhathi.Ngakho-ke, kudingekile kakhulu ukufaka uhlelo lokuqapha ukudilika komhlaba.
Izimiso zobuchwepheshe zokuqapha izinhlelo zokudilika komhlaba
Izimiso zobuchwepheshe zokuqapha izinhlelo zokudilika kwenhlabathi ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa izindlela ezifana nokuqapha ukugudluzwa kwamadwala nomhlabathi, ukuqapha izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, ukuqapha imvula, ukuqapha umswakama womhlabathi, kanye nokuqapha ukucindezelwa komhlabathi.Lezi zindlela ziqaphela ukuqapha kokudilika kwenhlabathi ngokuqapha izinguquko zamanani aphathekayo ahlobene nokudilika kwenhlabathi.
Phakathi kwazo, ukuqapha ukugudluzwa kwamadwala nenhlabathi ukuqonda inkambiso eshelelayo yedwala nenhlabathi ngokulinganisa ukugudluzwa kwedwala nenhlabathi;ukuqapha izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ukwahlulela ukuzinza kwedwala nenhlabathi ngokuqapha ukuphakama nokwehla kwezinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba;ukuqapha ukuna kwemvula ukuqapha Izinguquko emvuleni zisetshenziselwa ukuhlola umthelela wazo ekubhidlikeni komhlaba;ukuqapha umswakama wenhlabathi ukukala umswakama emhlabathini ukuze uqonde umswakama womhlaba;ukuqapha kwengcindezi ye-in-situ ukukala ubukhulu nesiqondiso se-in-situ stress ukuze kutholwe umthelela wako etsheni nomthelela womzimba wenhlabathi.
Izinyathelo zokufaka isistimu yokuqapha ukudilika komhlaba
(1) Uphenyo lwasendaweni: Qonda izimo zokuma komhlaba, isimo sezulu, izimo zezulu, njll. zendawo, futhi unqume izindawo namaphuzu okudingeka aqashwe;
(2) Ukukhethwa kwezisetshenziswa: Ngokuvumelana nezidingo zokuqapha, khetha okokusebenza kokuqapha okufanele, okuhlanganisa izinzwa, abaqoqi bedatha, okokusebenza kokudlulisa, njll.;
(3) Ukufakwa kwezinto zokusebenza: Faka izinzwa nabaqoqi bedatha ezindaweni ezikhethiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okokusebenza kungasebenza ngokuzinza nangokuthembekile;
(4) Ukudluliswa kwedatha: dlulisa idatha yokuqapha ngesikhathi esikhungweni sedatha noma isikhungo sokuqapha ngokusebenzisa imishini yokudlulisa;
(5) Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha: Lungiselela futhi uhlaziye idatha eqoqiwe, khipha ulwazi oluwusizo, futhi ubambe amathrendi aguquguqukayo okudilika komhlaba ngesikhathi.
Amathemba okusebenza wezinhlelo zokuqapha ukudilika komhlaba
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, amathuba okusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokuqapha ukudilika komhlaba aya ngokuya eba banzi.Ngokuzayo, izinhlelo zokuqapha ukudilika komhlaba zizothuthuka ngendlela ehlakaniphe kakhulu, ecolisisiwe, nenenethiwekhi.Iboniswa ngokukhethekile kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
(1) Thuthukisa ukunemba kokuqapha: Sebenzisa izinzwa ezithuthuke kakhulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuqoqwa kwedatha ukuze uthuthukise ukunemba nokuxazululwa kwedatha yokuqapha ukuze sikwazi ukubikezela ngokunembe kakhudlwana futhi sahlulele inkambiso yokuthuthukiswa kokudilika komhlaba.
(2) Qinisa ukuhlaziya idatha: Ngokuhlaziywa okujulile kwenani elikhulu ledatha yokuqapha, ulwazi oluningi oluwusizo lungakhishwa ukuze kuhlinzekwe isisekelo sesayensi sokuthatha izinqumo futhi kuncishiswe ngempumelelo ukulahlekelwa lapho kwenzeka izinhlekelele.
(3) Ukuzuza ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha yemithombo eminingi: hlanganisa idatha etholwe ezindleleni eziningi zokuqapha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqonda nokuqonda kokudilika komhlaba kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezindlela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokuvimbela nokulawula izinhlekelele.
(4) Ukuqapha okukude kanye nesixwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi: Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-inthanethi ne-inthanethi Yezinto ukuze ubone ukuqapha okukude kanye nesixwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi, ukwenza ukuvikela nokulawula inhlekelele kusebenze kahle, kufike ngesikhathi, futhi kunembe.
Ngamafuphi, ukufakwa kwezinhlelo zokuqapha ukudilika komhlaba kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni nasekunciphiseni ukwenzeka kwezinhlekelele.Kufanele siwuqakathekise kakhulu lo msebenzi, siqhubeke siqinisa ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa nokukhuthazwa, futhi senze umnikelo omkhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwezimpilo zabantu kanye nempahla.
♦ PH
♦ EC
♦ I-TDS
♦ Izinga lokushisa
♦ I-TOC
♦ BOD
♦ I-COD
♦ Imfucumfucu
♦ I-oxygen encibilikile
♦ I-chlorine esele
...
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-11-2023