1. Ukubuka konke
Uhlelo lokuxwayisa ngenhlekelele yezikhukhula zasezintabeni luyindlela ebalulekile engeyona eyobunjiniyela yokuvimbela izinhlekelele zezikhukhula zasezintabeni.
Ngokuyinhloko mayelana nezici ezintathu zokuqapha, isixwayiso sokuqala kanye nokusabela, uhlelo lokuqapha amanzi nemvula oluhlanganisa ukuqoqwa kolwazi, ukudluliselwa kanye nokuhlaziywa luhlanganiswe nohlelo lokuxwayisa kokuqala kanye nokusabela. Ngokuya ngezinga lenkinga yolwazi lwesixwayiso sokuqala kanye nobubanzi bomonakalo ongaba khona wesifufula sezintaba, khetha izinqubo nezindlela ezifanele zokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi ukuze uthole ukulayishwa okunembile nokufanele kolwazi lwesixwayiso ngesikhathi esifanele, ukusebenzisa umyalo wesayensi, ukwenza izinqumo, ukuthunyelwa, kanye nokutakula kanye nokusiza enhlekeleleni, ukuze izindawo zenhlekelele zikwazi ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ngesikhathi ngokuvumelana nohlelo lokuvimbela izinhlekelele zezikhukhula ukuze kuncishiswe ukulimala kanye nokulahlekelwa yimpahla.
2. Umklamo Ophelele Wesistimu
Uhlelo lokuxwayisa ngenhlekelele yezikhukhula zasezintabeni olwakhiwe yinkampani lusekelwe kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bolwazi lwendawo obunezinhlangothi ezintathu ukuze kufezwe ukuqapha isimo samanzi emvula kanye nesixwayiso sesimo samanzi emvula. Ukuqapha amanzi emvula kufaka phakathi izinhlelo ezincane ezifana nenethiwekhi yesiteshi sokuqapha amanzi nemvula, ukudluliselwa kolwazi kanye nokuqoqwa kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela; isixwayiso samanzi emvula sifaka phakathi uphenyo lolwazi oluyisisekelo, isevisi kazwelonke yasemaphandleni, isevisi yokuhlaziya amanzi emvula, isimo samanzi esibikezelwe, ukukhishwa kwesexwayiso kusenesikhathi, impendulo ephuthumayo kanye nokuphathwa kohlelo, njll. Lolu hlelo luhlanganisa futhi uhlelo lokuqeqesha iqembu eliqaphayo elilwa nenhlangano kanye nenkulumo-ze ukuze lidlale indima ephelele ohlelweni lokuxwayisa ngezikhukhula zasezintabeni.
3. Ukuqapha Imvula Yamanzi
Ukuqapha amanzi emvula kohlelo kuqukethe isiteshi sokuqapha imvula esenziwe ngokwenziwa, isiteshi sokuqapha imvula esihlanganisiwe, isiteshi sokuqapha izinga lemvula ngokuzenzakalelayo kanye nesiteshi esincane sedolobha/idolobha; uhlelo lusebenzisa inhlanganisela yokuqapha okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokuqapha ngesandla ukuze kuhlelwe iziteshi zokuqapha ngendlela eguquguqukayo. Imishini eyinhloko yokuqapha i-rain gauge elula, i-tipping bucket rain gauge, i-water gauge kanye ne-float type level water gauge. Uhlelo lungasebenzisa indlela yokuxhumana kulesi sithombe esilandelayo:
4. Ipulatifomu Yokuqapha Yezinga Lesifunda kanye Nesexwayiso Sasekuqaleni
Ipulatifomu yokuqapha kanye nokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi iyinsika yokucubungula ulwazi lwedatha kanye nensizakalo yokuqapha izinhlekelele zezintaba kanye nesistimu yokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi. Yakhiwe kakhulu inethiwekhi yamakhompyutha, isizindalwazi kanye nesistimu yesicelo. Imisebenzi eyinhloko ifaka phakathi uhlelo lokuqoqwa kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela, uhlelo oluyisisekelo lombuzo wolwazi, uhlelo olungaphansi kwesevisi yomhlaba yesimo sezulu, kanye nesistimu engaphansi kwesevisi yezimo zamanzi emvula, uhlelo olungaphansi kwesevisi yokukhululwa kwesexwayiso kusenesikhathi, njll.
(1) Uhlelo lokuqoqwa kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela
Ukuqoqwa kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela kuqedwa kakhulu ngokuqoqwa kwedatha kanye ne-exchange middle ware. Ngokuqoqwa kwedatha kanye ne-exchange middle ware, idatha yokuqapha yesiteshi ngasinye semvula kanye nesiteshi samanzi itholakala ngesikhathi sangempela ohlelweni lokuxwayisa ngezikhukhula zezintaba.
(2) Uhlelo olungaphansi kombuzo wolwazi oluyisisekelo
Ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lwe-3D lwendawo ukuze kufezwe umbuzo nokutholwa kolwazi oluyisisekelo, umbuzo wolwazi ungahlanganiswa nendawo enezintaba ukuze kwenziwe imiphumela yombuzo ibe nengqondo futhi ibe ngokoqobo, futhi unikeze ipulatifomu yokwenza izinqumo ebonakalayo, ephumelelayo nesheshayo yenqubo yokwenza izinqumo zobuholi. Ihlanganisa kakhulu ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwendawo yokuphatha, ulwazi lwenhlangano efanele yokuvimbela izikhukhula, ulwazi lohlelo lokuvimbela izikhukhula oluhlelwe ngamanani, isimo esiyisisekelo sesiteshi sokuqapha, ulwazi lwesimo somsebenzi, ulwazi lwendawo encane, kanye nolwazi lwenhlekelele.
(3) Uhlelo Olungaphansi Lwezinsizakalo Zomhlaba Zesimo Sezulu
Ulwazi lwezwe lesimo sezulu luhlanganisa kakhulu imephu yefu lesimo sezulu, imephu yeradar, isibikezelo sezulu sesifunda (sesifunda), isibikezelo sezulu sikazwelonke, imephu yesimo sezintaba, ukudilika komhlaba kanye nokugeleza kwemfucumfucu kanye nolunye ulwazi.
(4) Uhlelo olungaphansi kwesevisi yamanzi emvula
Uhlelo olungaphansi lwensizakalo yamanzi emvula luhlanganisa kakhulu izingxenye eziningana ezifana nemvula, amanzi omfula, kanye namanzi echibi. Insizakalo yemvula ingafeza umbuzo wemvula wesikhathi sangempela, umbuzo wemvula yomlando, ukuhlaziywa kwemvula, umdwebo womugqa wenqubo yemvula, ukubalwa kokuqongelela kwemvula, njll. Insizakalo yamanzi omfula ihlanganisa kakhulu izimo zamanzi zomfula zesikhathi sangempela, umbuzo wesimo samanzi womlando womfula, umdwebo wemephu yenqubo yezinga lamanzi omfula, izinga lamanzi. Ijika lobudlelwano bokugeleza liyadwetshwa; isimo samanzi echibini sihlanganisa kakhulu umbuzo wesimo samanzi echibini, umdwebo wenqubo yokushintsha izinga lamanzi echibini, umugqa wenqubo yokugcina amanzi echibini, uhlelo lwamanzi lwesikhathi sangempela kanye nokuqhathaniswa kwenqubo yomlando wamanzi, kanye nejika lomthamo wokugcina.
(5) Uhlelo olungaphansi lwesevisi yokubikezela isimo samanzi
Uhlelo lugcina isikhombimsebenzisi semiphumela yokubikezela izikhukhula, futhi lusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokubona ukuze luveze inqubo yokuvela kwezikhukhula ezibikezela kubasebenzisi, futhi luhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezifana nombuzo weshadi kanye nokunikezwa kwemiphumela.
(6) Uhlelo olungaphansi lwesevisi yokukhululwa kwesexwayiso kusenesikhathi
Uma izinga lemvula noma lamanzi elinikezwa uhlelo olungaphansi kwesevisi yokubikezela amanzi lifinyelela ezingeni lesixwayiso elibekwe uhlelo, uhlelo luzongena ngokuzenzakalelayo emsebenzini wesixwayiso sasekuqaleni. Uhlelo olungaphansi luqala ngokunikeza isixwayiso sangaphakathi kubasebenzi bokulawula izikhukhula, kanye nesixwayiso sasekuqaleni emphakathini ngokuhlaziya ngesandla.
(7) Uhlelo olungaphansi kwesevisi yokusabela eziphuthumayo
Ngemva kokuba uhlelo olungaphansi kwensizakalo yokukhululwa kwesexwayiso kusenesikhathi lukhiphe isexwayiso somphakathi, uhlelo olungaphansi kwensizakalo yokusabela eziphuthumayo luqala ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lolu hlelo olungaphansi luzohlinzeka abenzi bezinqumo ngomsebenzi wokuphendula izinhlekelele zezintaba onemininingwane futhi ophelele.
Uma kwenzeka inhlekelele, uhlelo luzohlinzeka ngemephu eningiliziwe yendawo yenhlekelele kanye nemizila eyahlukene yokuphuma futhi lunikeze insizakalo yohlu oluhambisanayo lwemibuzo. Ukuphendula udaba lokuphepha kokuphila kanye nempahla olulethwe kubantu yizikhukhula ezinkulu, uhlelo luphinde lunikeze izindlela ezahlukene zokutakula, izindlela zokuzisindisa kanye nezinye izinhlelo, futhi lunikeze izinsizakalo zempendulo zesikhathi sangempela ngemiphumela yokuqaliswa kwalezi zinhlelo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-10-2023