Usayizi wemakethe yokuphathwa kodaka kanye nokususwa kwamanzi e-US kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele ku-USD 3.88 billion ngo-2030 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ukhule ku-CAGR engu-2.1% kusukela ngo-2024 kuya ku-2030. Inani elikhulayo lamaphrojekthi okusungulwa kwezitshalo ezintsha zokuhlanza udaka kanye namanzi angcolile noma ukuthuthukiswa kwalezo ezikhona kusebenza njengomshayeli wokukhula kwemakethe.
Singahlinzeka ngezinzwa zokuqapha indle, futhi sinezinzwa zekhwalithi yamanzi ezifanele izimo ezahlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza, wamukelekile ukuvakasha.
Ukwakhiwa kwalezi zitshalo ezintsha zokwelashwa kwenziwa ukuze kusingathwe umthamo omkhulu wodaka namanzi angcolile akhiqizwa imisebenzi yokuhlala, yezentengiselwano, neyezimboni. Lokhu, kulindeleke ukuthi kube negalelo esidingweni sokuphathwa kodaka kanye nokususwa kwamanzi e-US esikhathini esibikezelwe.
Ukwanda kwabantu e-US kunegalelo esidingweni sezindawo ezintsha zokuhlanza amanzi amdaka. Njengoba inani labantu likhula, inani lamanzi amdaka akhiqizwayo nalo likhuphuka ngokulinganayo. Abantu abaningi basho imisebenzi eminingi yokuhlala, yezentengiselwano, neyezimboni. Zonke lezi zinto zinegalelo ekwandeni kokukhiqizwa kwamanzi amdaka ezweni. Kukhona ulwazi olukhulayo lomphakathi mayelana nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokusimama. Lolu shintsho lomphakathi luphoqa imikhuba enobungani nemvelo ekuphathweni kwemfucuza, okuhlanganisa ukuphinda kusetshenziswe futhi ukungcola kwezolimo kanye nokulima, okuqhuba ukukhula kwemakethe.
Imithethonqubo nezindinganiso ezibekwe uhulumeni wobumbano mayelana nokuphathwa kodaka, kube nesidingo esikhulayo sezinsizakalo zokuphathwa kodaka. I-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ibeke izindinganiso eziqinile zokuphathwa kodaka, futhi imithethonqubo eminingi nayo iphasiswe uhulumeni ukuze kuqashwe futhi kukhuthazwe imikhuba yokuphathwa kodaka ephumelelayo.
Isibonelo, uMthetho Wezingqalasizinda Ezihlangene (i-BIL) uhlose ukusekela umnotho wendawo kanye nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zengqalasizinda zikahulumeni ezikhona ukubhekana nesidingo sengqalasizinda yokwelapha amanzi angcolile ezindaweni ezinganakekelwa kahle zezwe.
Ukusabalala kwasemadolobheni okuqhubekayo nakho kuholela ekwandeni kwesidingo sokuphathwa kwamanzi amdaka. Ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, ukulahlwa kodaka okungafanele kungaholela ezingozini ezinkulu zempilo, okuhlanganisa nokusabalala kwezifo. Njengoba inani elikhulu labantu lihlala ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, isidingo sokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka ngempumelelo siba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuphathwa kodaka okuphumelelayo kuqinisekisa ukulahlwa noma ukusetshenziswa kabusha kodaka ngokuphephile, ngaleyo ndlela kuvikelwe impilo yomphakathi.
Ngokusekelwe esigabeni, ingxenye yemisebenzi yokwelapha ephethwe ngumphakathi (i-POTW) ihole imakethe ngesabelo semali engenayo esikhulu kunazo zonke esingu-75.7% ngo-2023. Le misebenzi yenzelwe ukwelapha indle yasekhaya. Iqoqa amanzi angcolile emithonjeni ehlukahlukene futhi ifaka noma yimaphi amadivayisi nezinhlelo ezisetshenziselwa ukugcina, ukwelapha, kanye nokulahla amanzi angcolile kamasipala noma ezimbonini kanye nodaka.
Ingxenye yezikhungo ezikhona kulindeleke ukuthi ibonakale ku-CAGR esheshayo esikhathini esibikezelwe, ngenxa yokusabalalisa izinhlelo zokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka. Ukwanda kwabantu ezweni kanye nokuhlala kwabantu emadolobheni okuqhubekayo kukhuthaza isidingo sezixazululo zasendaweni zokuphatha udaka kanye nokususa amanzi, ezilula futhi ezingabizi kakhulu.
Ngokusekelwe emthonjeni, ingxenye kamasipala ihole imakethe ngesabelo semali engenayo esikhulu kunazo zonke esingu-51.70% ngo-2023. Esinye sezizathu ezibalulekile zokuqhuba ingxenye kamasipala ukukhuphuka kwesidingo sezinsizakalo zokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Njengoba amadolobha ekhula futhi ingqalasizinda ikhula, kunesidingo esikhulu sokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka okuphumelelayo ukuvikela impilo yomphakathi kanye nemvelo.
Ingxenye yezimboni kulindeleke ukuthi ibonakale ku-CAGR esheshayo esikhathini esibikezelwe, njengoba izimboni zitshala imali eningi ekuphathweni kodaka oluthuthukisiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhipha amanzi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle futhi kuncishiswe imiphumela emvelweni futhi kuhlolwe amathuba okusetshenziswa kabusha okunenzuzo kanye nokubuyiselwa kwezinsiza kusuka kodaka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-05-2024