Ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa ezihlakaniphile obuzosiza abalimi ukusebenzisa umanyolo ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi kuncishiswe umonakalo emvelweni.
Ubuchwepheshe, obuchazwe kumagazini i-Natural Foods, bungasiza abakhiqizi ukuthi banqume isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokufaka umanyolo ezitshalweni kanye nenani lomanyolo odingekayo, kucatshangelwa izici ezifana nesimo sezulu kanye nezimo zenhlabathi. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukufuthwa ngokweqile kwenhlabathi okubizayo nokulimaza imvelo, okukhipha igesi yokushisa i-nitrous oxide futhi kungcolise inhlabathi kanye nemizila yamanzi.
Namuhla, ukuvundisa ngokweqile kwenze u-12% womhlaba owake wasetshenziswa emhlabeni wangabe usakwazi ukusetshenziswa, kanti ukusetshenziswa komanyolo we-nitrogen kukhuphuke ngo-600% eminyakeni engu-50 edlule.
Kodwa-ke, kunzima kubakhiqizi bezitshalo ukulawula ngokunembile ukusetshenziswa kwabo komanyolo: omningi kakhulu futhi basengozini yokulimaza imvelo futhi basebenzise imali encane kakhulu futhi basengozini yokukhiqiza isivuno esincane;
Abacwaningi kubuchwepheshe obusha bezinzwa bathi bungasiza imvelo kanye nabakhiqizi.
Inzwa, ebizwa ngokuthi inzwa kagesi esebenza ngamakhemikhali (chemPEGS) ephepheni, ilinganisa inani le-ammonium enhlabathini, inhlanganisela eguqulwa ibe yi-nitrite ne-nitrate yibhaktheriya yomhlabathi. Isebenzisa uhlobo lobuhlakani bokwenziwa olubizwa ngokuthi ukufunda komshini, oluhlanganisa nedatha ngesimo sezulu, isikhathi kusukela ekusetshenzisweni komanyolo, ukulinganiswa kwe-pH yomhlabathi kanye nokuqhuba komoya. Isebenzisa le datha ukubikezela okuqukethwe yi-nitrogen okuphelele enhlabathini manje kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen okuphelele ezinsukwini ezingu-12 esikhathini esizayo ukubikezela isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokufaka umanyolo.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi lesi sixazululo esisha esingabizi kakhulu singasiza kanjani abakhiqizi ukuthi bathole inzuzo enkulu ngomanyolo omncane kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezisebenzisa umanyolo omningi njengokolweni. Lobu buchwepheshe bunganciphisa ngasikhathi sinye izindleko zomkhiqizi kanye nokulimala kwemvelo okuvela kumanyolo we-nitrogen, uhlobo lomanyolo olusetshenziswa kakhulu.
Umcwaningi oholayo uDkt. Max Greer, ovela eMnyangweni we-Bioengineering e-Imperial College London uthe: “Inkinga yokufuthwa ngokweqile, ngokombono wezemvelo nowezomnotho, ayikwazi ukweqiswa. Ukukhiqiza kanye nemali engenayo ehlobene nayo kuyehla unyaka nonyaka. kulo nyaka, futhi abakhiqizi abanawo amathuluzi adingekayo ukubhekana nale nkinga njengamanje.
"Ubuchwepheshe bethu bungasiza ekuxazululeni le nkinga ngokusiza abalimi ukuthi baqonde amazinga amanje e-ammonia ne-nitrate enhlabathini futhi babikezele amazinga esikhathi esizayo ngokusekelwe ezimweni zezulu. Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi balungise ukusetshenziswa kwabo komanyolo ngokwezidingo ezithile zenhlabathi yabo kanye nezitshalo zabo."
Umanyolo we-nitrogen owengeziwe ukhipha i-nitrous oxide emoyeni, igesi ebamba ukushisa enamandla ngokuphindwe ka-300 kune-carbon dioxide futhi inegalelo enkingeni yesimo sezulu. Umanyolo owengeziwe ungasuswa ngamanzi emvula uye emifuleni yamanzi, okuphuca impilo yasemanzini umoya-mpilo, okubangela ukuqhakaza kwe-algae nokunciphisa ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo.
Kodwa-ke, ukulungisa ngokunembile amazinga kamanyolo ukuze avumelane nezidingo zenhlabathi nezitshalo kuseyinselele. Ukuhlola akuvamile, futhi izindlela zamanje zokulinganisa i-nitrogen yenhlabathi zihilela ukuthumela amasampula enhlabathi elabhorethri—inqubo ende futhi ebiza kakhulu lapho imiphumela yayo ingasetshenziswa khona ngesikhathi ifika kubalimi.
UDkt. Firat Guder, umbhali omkhulu kanye nomcwaningi oholayo eMnyangweni we-Bioengineering we-Imperial, uthe: “Iningi lokudla kwethu livela enhlabathini – liwumthombo ongenakuvuselelwa futhi uma singawuvikeli sizolahlekelwa yiwo. Futhi, kuhlanganiswe nokungcoliswa kwe-nitrogen okuvela kwezolimo kudala impikiswano emhlabeni esithemba ukusiza ukuyixazulula ngezolimo ezinembile, esithemba ukuthi zizosiza ekunciphiseni ukuvundisa ngokweqile ngenkathi kwandisa isivuno sezitshalo kanye nenzuzo yabalimi.”
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-20-2024