Esikhathini se-lidar nama-satellite, idivayisi elula yemishini—ethembele ebhakedeni lepulasitiki noma lensimbi engagqwali—ihlala iyisisekelo sokunemba kwedatha evela ezigidini zeziteshi zezulu emhlabeni jikelele.
Uma sihlola imvula yemizuzu ngemizuzu kumafoni ethu, bambalwa abangacabanga ukuthi le datha ingase ivele ekwakhiweni kwemishini kusukela eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-50 eyedlule: i-tipping bucket rain gauge. Muva nje, izitayela ezihambisana nezihloko ezinjengalesi sixhobo sakudala zivuselele isithakazelo. Kuyisifundo sokuqala ku-meteorology kanye nomlindi ongenakuguqulwa nothembekile emkhakheni wobungcweti.
1. Isifundo Sesayensi Yegciwane – Ukukhanga Kwama-Plastic Gauges Enziwe Ngokuzenzela
Izifundo zokwenza amageyiji ebhakede alula okugoqa ngamabhodlela epulasitiki zithandwa kakhulu ezinkundleni ezifana neTikTok ne-YouTube. Zibonisa kahle indlela eyinhloko “yokugoqa”: amanzi emvula aqoqwa abe yibhakede elinohlangothi oluphindwe kabili elilinganiswe kahle. Uma inani eliqondile seliqoqiwe (isb., 0.1 mm noma 0.2 mm), isikhungo samandla adonsela phansi sebhakede siyashintsha, sibangele ukuthi ligoqeke. Liyazithulula futhi libangele isignali kagesi. Lokhu kuguqula ngobuhlakani imvula eqhubekayo ibe “izinkomba” ezingenakubalwa.
Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho okusebenzayo kwenza izilinganiso eziyinkimbinkimbi zibe nokwenzeka futhi zihambisane kahle nezinhloso. Kuchaza ukuthi kungani ngisho neziteshi zezulu zesimanje zithembele ezimisweni ezifanayo eziyisisekelo zomshini ukuze zithole idatha yemvula eluhlaza.
2. “I-Anchor” Yobungcweti—Isilinganiso Sensimbi Engagqwali Esingenakufakwa Esikhundleni
Kusukela kumaphrojekthi angemuva kuya eziteshini zokuqapha ezingenamuntu ezintabeni ezikude noma ogwadule, kudingeka ukuthembeka okuphezulu kakhulu. Yilapho igeyiji yemvula yensimbi engagqwali esezingeni lobuchwepheshe iphumelela khona.
Ukuqina Nokuzinza: Yenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali engagqwali, imelana namazinga okushisa abandayo, ukuwohloka kwe-UV, kanye nezimo ezinzima, okudinga ukulungiswa okuncane ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza unyaka wonke.
I-Data Foundation: Ixhunywe eziteshini zesimo sezulu ezizenzakalelayo, iwumthombo oyinhloko wedatha wezinqumo ezibalulekile njengezixwayiso zezikhukhula, ukuphathwa kwamachibi, kanye nokuhlela isomiso sezolimo. Ukusebenza kwayo kahle kwezindleko okumangalisayo kuye kwaqokonyiswa njalo ezingxoxweni mayelana nobuchwepheshe bezinhlekelele kanye nezolimo ezihlakaniphile.
Ukulinganisa: Njengethuluzi elijwayelekile eliqashelwa yi-World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), liqinisekisa ukuqhathaniswa kanye nokuvumelana kwedatha yesimo sezulu somhlaba wonke.
3. Ikusasa Elijwayelekile: Ukuhlanganiswa ne-IoT kanye namaNethiwekhi Esimanje
Lo mklamo awuhlali esikhathini esidlule. Inguqulo yesimanje ihlanganisa imojuli ye-IoT enamandla aphansi. "Isexwayiso" ngasinye singadluliselwa efwini ngesikhathi sangempela, lapho idatha ihlanganiswa khona nesithombe se-radar nesethelayithi ukuze sakhe ingxenye ye-#SmartCityFloodAlertSystem. Ngaphansi kwe-#CommunityResilience, izifundo zamacala zibonisa ukuthi imiphakathi isebenzise amanethiwekhi angabizi ala mamitha ukuze kuqashwe isimo sezulu esibanzi kanye nokulungela.
4. Isiphetho: Kusukela kupulasitiki kuya ensimbi engagqwali, kusukela emakilasini kuya ensimini, igeyiji yemvula yebhakede eligobile imelela izimiso zobunjiniyela "ezilula, ezithembekile, nezisebenzayo." "Liyiqhawe elithule" ku-meteorology: ithuluzi lokufundisa elisakazekile elivusa ilukuluku, kanye nomlindi wedatha oyisisekelo ovikela buthule izimpilo nempahla. Njengoba sibhekene nezinselele zesimo sezulu ezikhulayo, lobu buchwepheshe obusekelwe esikhathini eside, obuvivinywe isikhathi eside bubaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 17-2025