Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zamaseli elanga eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States, “amabhokisi amhlophe” angabonakali aba “amehlo ahlakaniphile” ngemuva kokukhiqizwa kukagesi okuphumelelayo. Umbiko wakamuva wemboni ukhombisa ukuthi amapulazi elanga ahlonyiswe ngezinzwa zokukhanya kwelanga ezinembile kakhulu kanye nezinhlelo zokuqapha isimo sezulu angakhuphula ukusebenza kwawo kokukhiqiza amandla minyaka yonke ngo-20% uma kuqhathaniswa namapulazi endabuko, okuphawula ukufika kwenkathi yelanga ehlakaniphile eqhutshwa idatha.
Ukuqapha Ngokunembile: Ukweqa kobuchwepheshe kusukela “esizukulwaneni esisodwa” kuya “ekusebenzeni kahle okuphezulu”
Epulazini lelanga elingama-megawatt angu-200 eTexas, uhlelo lwesiteshi sezulu oluhlanganisiwe luhlanganisa izinzwa zemisebe yelanga, izinga lokushisa, umswakama, isivinini somoya kanye nemishini yokuqapha isiqondiso somoya, okunikeza ukuqonda okuphelele ngesimo sezulu esincane sepulazi. Umphathi wepulazi uthe, “Lolu hlelo luqoqa idatha njalo ngomzuzu. Alukwazi nje ukubala ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omqondo ngesikhathi sangempela, kodwa futhi lukwazi ukuhlonza ngokushesha izinkinga ezifana nokwehluleka kwezingxenye noma ukuqongelela uthuli ngokuqhathanisa umkhiqizo wangempela.”
Izinzwa ezisetshenziswa kuleli pulazi zingalinganisa amapharamitha afana nemisebe iyonke, imisebe esakazekayo kanye nemisebe eqondile. Le datha idluliselwa epulatifomu yamafu nge-Intanethi Yezinto, okuvumela ukubukwa ngesikhathi sangempela nokusiza abasebenzi ekunakekeleni imishini.
Ukunika amandla idatha: Izinga lokunemba kwezibikezelo ezikhiqizwe lifinyelela ku-98%
Kubasebenzi begridi yamandla, ukuguquguquka kokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic bekulokhu kuyinselele. Njengamanje, uhlelo lokubikezela olusekelwe ekuqapheni imisebe enembile kanye nokubikezela isimo sezulu luphakamise izinga lokunemba kwezibikezelo zesikhathi esifushane laya ngaphezu kuka-98%. Unjiniyela ovela esikhungweni sokulawula igridi yamandla endaweni ethile uthe, “Siyazi ukuthi isitshalo samandla sizokhiqiza ugesi ongakanani ehoreni elilandelayo, okunciphisa kakhulu ingcindezi yokushefa ephezulu kugridi yamandla.”
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivinini somoya kanye nedatha yesiqondiso kusiza ukuthuthukisa isu lokulawula lesistimu yokulandelela futhi kuvimbele ukulimala kwemishini ngesikhathi semimoya enamandla. Idatha yezinga lokushisa ilungisa izici zokukhipha zephaneli ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulinganisa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokushisa. Ngisho nokubikezela imvula kulungiselela ngokuhlakanipha ukuhlanzwa kwephaneli ukuze kusetshenziswe kakhulu izinsiza zokuhlanza zemvelo.
Izinzuzo zezomnotho: Ngedola ngalinye elitshalwe ekuqapheni, inzuzo yamadola amahlanu ingatholakala minyaka yonke
Nakuba intengo yeziteshi zezulu ezinembile kakhulu kanye nezinzwa iphakeme kuneyemishini yendabuko, inzuzo yokutshalwa kwezimali inkulu kakhulu. Izibalo zemboni zibonisa ukuthi idola ngalinye elitshalwe ezinhlelweni zokuqapha imvelo liletha ukwenyuka kwaminyaka yonke kwemali engenayo yokukhiqizwa kwamandla engaphezu kwamadola amahlanu.
“Sasisebenzisa iziteshi zesimo sezulu njengamathuluzi ocwaningo,” kusho umtshali-zimali esiteshini sikagesi selanga saseMelika. “Manje seziyimishini ejwayelekile, ikakhulukazi emapulazini anomthamo wamakhulu ama-megawatts. Ukwanda ngakunye kokukhiqiza ugesi ngo-0.5% kusho izigidi zamaRandi emali engenayo yonyaka.”
I-International Renewable Energy Agency ibike ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemishini yokuqapha imvelo emhlabeni wonke kukhuphuke ngo-40% ngo-2024, kanti iziteshi zezulu zepulazi lelanga ziyisigaba esibalulekile somkhiqizo. Kusukela eNingizimu Asia kuya eMpumalanga Ephakathi, kusukela eNingizimu Melika kuya e-Afrika, lezi zinhlelo zokuqapha eziyinkimbinkimbi zinikeza ukwesekwa kwedatha okubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwamandla aluhlaza emhlabeni jikelele.
Njengoba imboni yamandla elanga ingena enkathini yokusebenza okucwengekile, ukuqapha imvelo kuye kwashintsha ekubeni “ongakukhetha” kwaba “okudingekayo”. La “mehlo ahlakaniphile” aqaphile njalo aba yingxenye ebalulekile yezobuchwepheshe yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezitshalo zamandla nokufeza ukulingana kwegridi.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba 12-2025