Ukwanda Kokuqapha Ikhwalithi Yamanzi eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia

Usuku: 23 Disemba 2024

INingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia— Njengoba lesi sifunda sibhekene nezinselele zemvelo ezikhulayo, okuhlanganisa ukukhula kwabantu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukubaluleka kokuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi kuye kwathola ukunakwa okuphuthumayo. Ohulumeni, izinhlangano ezizimele, kanye nabadlali bezinkampani ezizimele bazibophezela ngokwengeziwe emikhubeni yokuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi ethuthukisiwe ukuze bavikele impilo yomphakathi, bavikele imvelo, futhi baqinisekise intuthuko esimeme.

Ukubaluleka Kokuqapha Ikhwalithi Yamanzi

INingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia iyikhaya leminye yemizila yamanzi ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, okuhlanganisa uMfula iMekong, uMfula i-Irrawaddy, kanye namachibi amaningi namanzi asogwini. Kodwa-ke, ukukhula kwamadolobha ngokushesha, ukugeleza kwamanzi kwezolimo, kanye nokuchitheka kwamanzi ezimbonini kuye kwaholela ekuwohlokeni kwekhwalithi yamanzi ezindaweni eziningi. Imithombo yamanzi angcolile ibeka izingozi ezinkulu empilweni yomphakathi, okubangela izifo ezibangelwa amanzi ezithinta abantu abasengozini ngokungalingani.

Ukuze kulwiwe nalezi zinselele, ohulumeni basekhaya nezinhlangano batshala imali ezinhlelweni zokuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha. Lezi zinhlelo zihlose ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ephelele ngempilo yamanzi, okuvumela izimpendulo ezifika ngesikhathi ezenzakalweni zokungcola kanye namasu okuphatha isikhathi eside.

Izinyathelo Zesifunda kanye Nezifundo Zezimo

1. IKhomishini Yomfula iMekong: IKhomishini Yomfula iMekong (MRC) iqalise izinhlelo zokuqapha ezibanzi ukuhlola impilo yemvelo yeSizini Somfula iMekong. Ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokubona kude, i-MRC ilandelela imingcele efana namazinga ezakhamzimba, i-pH, kanye nokugcwala kwamanzi. Lolu lwazi lusiza ukwazisa izinqubomgomo ezihlose ukuphathwa kwemifula okusimeme kanye nokuvikelwa kwezinhlanzi.

2. Iphrojekthi ye-NEWater yaseSingapore: Njengomholi ekuphathweni kwamanzi, iSingapore isungule iphrojekthi ye-NEWater, ephatha futhi ibuyisele amanzi angcolile ukuze asetshenziswe ezimbonini nasendaweni yokuwasebenzisa. Impumelelo ye-NEWater incike ekuqapheni ikhwalithi yamanzi ngokuqinile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi ahlanziwe ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha eziqinile. Indlela yaseSingapore isebenza njengesibonelo samazwe angomakhelwane abhekene nezinkinga zokuntuleka kwamanzi.

3. Ukuphathwa Kwekhwalithi Yamanzi ePhilippines: EPhilippines, uMnyango Wezemvelo Nemithombo Yemvelo (i-DENR) wethule Uhlelo Lokuqapha Ikhwalithi Yamanzi Oluhlanganisiwe njengengxenye yoMthetho Wawo Wamanzi Ahlanzekile. Lolu hlelo luhlanganisa inethiwekhi yeziteshi zokuqapha kulo lonke izwe ezilinganisa izinkomba ezibalulekile zempilo yamanzi. Lolu hlelo luhlose ukuthuthukisa ukuqwashisa umphakathi kanye nokulwela izinhlaka zomthetho eziqinile zokuvikela imizila yamanzi yezwe.

4. Izinhlelo Zokuqapha Ezihlakaniphile zase-Indonesia: Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni njengeJakarta, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obusha bokuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi ngesikhathi sangempela. Izinzwa ezihlakaniphile zihlanganiswe ezinhlelweni zokuphakelwa kwamanzi kanye nokukhipha amanzi ukuze zithole ukungcola futhi zixwayise iziphathimandla ngezenzakalo zokungcola. Le ndlela yokuqapha ibalulekile ekuvimbeleni izinkinga zempilo ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi.

Ukuzibandakanya Komphakathi Nokuqwashisa Umphakathi

Impumelelo yezinhlelo zokuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi ayixhomekile nje kuphela esenzweni sikahulumeni kodwa futhi nasekubandakanyekeni komphakathi kanye nemfundo. Izinhlangano ezingezona ezomthetho kanye nezinhlangano zasendaweni zenza imikhankaso yokuqwashisa ukufundisa izakhamuzi ngokubaluleka kokongiwa kwamanzi kanye nokuvimbela ukungcola. Izinhlelo zokuqapha eziholwa umphakathi nazo ziyathola ukuthandwa, zinika amandla izakhamuzi ukuthi zidlale indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni imithombo yazo yamanzi yasendaweni.

Isibonelo, eThailand, uhlelo lwe-“Community Water Monitoring Quality” lubandakanya izakhamuzi zendawo ekuqoqeni amasampula amanzi nasekuhlaziyeni imiphumela, okukhuthaza umuzwa wokuba nomthwalo wemfanelo kanye nobunikazi bezinhlelo zabo zamanzi. Le ndlela esetshenziswa ngabantu abavamile igcwalisa imizamo kahulumeni futhi inegalelo ekuqoqweni kwedatha okuphelele.

Izinselele kanye Nendlela Eya Phambili

Naphezu kwalezi zinguquko ezinhle, kusenezinselelo. Imithombo yezezimali elinganiselwe, ulwazi olungenele lobuchwepheshe, kanye nokuntuleka kwezinhlelo zedatha ezihlanganisiwe kuphazamisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi kulo lonke isifunda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunesidingo esibalulekile semizamo yokubambisana phakathi kohulumeni, izimboni, kanye nomphakathi ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga zekhwalithi yamanzi ngokuphelele.

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe amakhono okuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi, amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia akhuthazwa ukuthi atshale imali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, athuthukise ukwakhiwa kwamandla, futhi asebenzise ubuchwepheshe obusha. Ukubambisana kwesifunda kubalulekile ekwabelaneni ngemikhuba emihle kanye nokuvumelanisa amazinga okuqapha, ukuqinisekisa indlela ehlangene yokuvikela imithombo yamanzi yesifunda.

Isiphetho

Njengoba iNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia iqhubeka nokubhekana nezinkinga zokuphathwa kwamanzi naphezu koshintsho olusheshayo, ukwanda kokuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi kunikeza indlela ethembisayo eya entuthukweni esimeme. Ngemizamo ehlanganisiwe, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, kanye nokuzibandakanya komphakathi, lesi sifunda singaqinisekisa ukuthi imithombo yaso yamanzi eyigugu ihlala iphephile futhi ifinyeleleka ezizukulwaneni ezizayo. Ngokuzibophezela okuqhubekayo kanye nokubambisana, iNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ingabeka isibonelo esinamandla ekuphathweni kwemithombo yamanzi emhlabeni jikelele, iqinisekise indawo enempilo nehlala isikhathi eside kubo bonke.