Ukunyuka Kokuqapha Ikhwalithi Yamanzi eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia

Idethi: Disemba 23, 2024

INingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia- Njengoba lesi sifunda sibhekene nezinselelo ezikhulayo zemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukukhula kwenani labantu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukubaluleka kokuqapha izinga lamanzi sekuthole ukunakwa okuphuthumayo. Ohulumeni, ama-NGO, kanye nabadlali bemboni ezimele baya ngokuya bezibophezela ezindleleni ezithuthukisiwe zokuqapha izinga lamanzi ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yomphakathi, kuvikelwe izimiso zemvelo, kanye nokuqinisekisa intuthuko esimeme.

Ukubaluleka Kokuqapha Ikhwalithi Yamanzi

INingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia iyikhaya leminye yemizila yamanzi ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, okuhlanganisa uMfula iMekong, uMfula i-Irrawaddy, namachibi amaningi namanzi asogwini. Nokho, ukukhuphuka ngokushesha kwamadolobha, ukugeleza kwezolimo, nokuphuma kwezimboni kuye kwaholela ekuwohlokeni kwezinga lamanzi ezindaweni eziningi. Imithombo yamanzi angcolile ibeka engcupheni enkulu empilweni yomphakathi, okunomthelela ezifweni ezitholakala emanzini ezithinta ngokulinganayo abantu abasengozini.

Ukuze kuliwe nalezi zinselele, ohulumeni basekhaya nezinhlangano batshala imali ezinhlelweni zokuqapha izinga lamanzi ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili nokuhlaziya idatha. Lezi zinhlelo zihlose ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ephelele mayelana nempilo yamanzi, okuvumela izimpendulo ngesikhathi ezenzakalweni zokungcola kanye namasu okuphatha isikhathi eside.

Izinyathelo Zesifunda Nezimo Ezicwaningweni

1. Ikhomishini yomfula iMekong: I-Mekong River Commission (MRC) iqalise izinhlelo zokuqapha ezibanzi ukuze zihlole impilo yemvelo yoMfula iMekong. Ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi kanye nobuchwepheshe benzwa obukude, i-MRC ilandelela imingcele efana namazinga ezakhi, i-pH, kanye ne-turbidity. Le datha isiza ukwazisa izinqubomgomo eziqondiswe ekuphathweni kwemifula okusimeme kanye nokuvikelwa kwezindawo zokudoba.

2. Iphrojekthi ye-NEWater yaseSingapore: Njengomholi ekuphathweni kwamanzi, i-Singapore isungule iphrojekthi ye-NEWater, ephatha futhi ibuyise amanzi angcolile ukuze asetshenziswe ezimbonini kanye nokuphuzwayo. Impumelelo ye-NEWater incike ekuqaphelweni okuqinile kwekhwalithi yamanzi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi ahlanzekile ahlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zokuphepha. Indlela yaseSingapore isebenza njengesibonelo emazweni angomakhelwane abhekene nezinkinga zokushoda kwamanzi.

3. Ukuphathwa Kwekhwalithi Yamanzi YasePhilippines: E-Philippines, uMnyango Wezemvelo Nezinto Zemvelo (DENR) wethule Uhlelo Oludidiyelwe Lokuqapha Ikhwalithi Yamanzi njengengxenye yoMthetho Wamanzi Ahlanzekile. Lolu hlelo lubandakanya inethiwekhi yeziteshi zokuqapha ezweni lonke ezikala izinkomba ezibalulekile zempilo yamanzi. Lolu hlelo luhlose ukuthuthukisa ukuqwashisa komphakathi kanye nokumela izinhlaka eziqinile zokulawula ukuze kuvikelwe imizila yamanzi yezwe.

4. I-Smart Monitoring Systems yase-Indonesia: Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni njenge-Jakarta, kusetshenziswe ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze kuqashwe ngesikhathi sangempela izinga lamanzi. Izinzwa ezihlakaniphile zihlanganiswe ezinhlelweni zokuphakelwa kwamanzi kanye nezokudonsa amanzi ukuze kutholwe ukungcola kanye nokuxwayisa iziphathimandla ngezenzakalo zokungcola. Le ndlela yokusebenza ibalulekile ekuvimbeleni izinkinga zezempilo ezifundeni ezinabantu abaningi.

Ukubandakanywa koMphakathi kanye Nokuqwashisa umphakathi

Impumelelo yezinhlelo zokuqapha izinga lamanzi ayincikile kuphela esenzweni sikahulumeni kodwa nasekubandakanyekeni komphakathi kanye nemfundo. Izinhlangano ezizimele kanye nezinhlangano zendawo zenza imikhankaso yokuqwashisa izakhamuzi ngokubaluleka kokongiwa kwamanzi kanye nokuvimbela ukungcola. Izinhlelo zokuqapha eziholwa ngumphakathi nazo ziyazuza, zinikeza izakhamuzi amandla okuba zibambe iqhaza elibonakalayo ekuvikeleni imithombo yamanzi yendawo.

Ngokwesibonelo, e-Thailand, uhlelo "Lokuqapha Ikhwalithi Yamanzi Omphakathi" lubandakanya izakhamuzi zendawo ekuqoqeni amasampula amanzi kanye nokuhlaziya imiphumela, okugqugquzela umuzwa wokuba nesibopho kanye nobunikazi phezu kwezinhlelo zabo zamanzi. Le ndlela yokwenza izinto emazingeni aphansi ihambisana nemizamo kahulumeni futhi inomthelela ekuqoqweni kolwazi olubanzi.

Izinselelo kanye Nomzila Oya Phambili

Naphezu kwalezi zenzakalo ezinhle, izinselele zisekhona. Izinsiza zezimali ezinomkhawulo, ubungcweti bomsebenzi obanele, kanye nokuntuleka kwamasistimu edatha ahlanganisiwe kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokuqapha izinga lamanzi kuso sonke isifunda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunesidingo esibalulekile semizamo yokusebenzisana phakathi kohulumeni, izimboni, kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi ukubhekana nezinkinga zekhwalithi yamanzi ngokuphelele.

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe amakhono okuqapha izinga lamanzi, amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia akhuthazwa ukuthi atshale imali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, athuthukise ukwakhiwa kwamandla, futhi asebenzise ubuchwepheshe obusha. Ukubambisana kwesifunda kubalulekile ekwabelaneni ngezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu nokuvumelanisa izindinganiso zokuqapha, ukuqinisekisa indlela ebumbene yokuvikela imithombo yamanzi yesifunda.

Isiphetho

Njengoba iNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia iqhubeka nokuzulazula ezinkingeni zokulawulwa kwamanzi lapho ibhekene noshintsho olusheshayo, ukukhuphuka kokuqapha izinga lamanzi kunikeza indlela ethembisayo eya entuthukweni esimeme. Ngemizamo ehlelekile, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, nokusebenzelana nomphakathi, isifunda singaqinisekisa ukuthi imithombo yaso yamanzi ayigugu ihlala iphephile futhi ifinyeleleka ezizukulwaneni ezizayo. Ngokuzibophezela okuqhubekayo nokusebenzisana, i-Southeast Asia ingaba isibonelo esinamandla ekuphathweni kwemithombo yamanzi yomhlaba wonke, ukuvikela indawo enempilo futhi esimeme kakhudlwana yabo bonke.