Isingeniso
Enkathini yezivunguvungu ezivame kakhulu, umshini obonakala ulula—igeji yemvula yamabhakede—uba umugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela ekuvimbeleni izikhukhula ezihlakaniphile. Ifinyelela kanjani ekuqashweni okunembayo nesimiso sayo esingajwayelekile? Futhi isithenga kanjani isikhathi esibalulekile sokuthatha izinqumo zokulawulwa kwezikhukhula zasemadolobheni? Lo mbiko uthatha wena ngemuva kwezigcawu.
Umzimba Oyinhloko
Eziteshini zokubuka isimo sezulu, amadamu echibi, ngisho nasezindaweni ezikude ezisezintabeni, izinsimbi eziyisilinda ezimhlophe zisebenza ubusuku nemini. Lawa amageji emvula amabhakede, “abalindi” abangaqashiwe bezinhlelo zesimanje zokuqapha amanzi.
Isimiso Esiyinhloko: Ubulula Buhlangabezana Nokunemba
Igeji yemvula yebhakede letiphu isebenza ngomgomo wokulinganisa ongumshini. Ingxenye yayo eyinhloko iqukethe “amabhakede” amabili alinganayo, afana nesikali esithambile. Njengoba amanzi emvula eqoqa kufaneli futhi agcwalise ibhakede elilodwa, afinyelela umthamo onqunyiwe kusengaphambili (ngokuvamile u-0.1 mm noma u-0.5 mm wezulu). Kuleli qophelo, amandla adonsela phansi abangela ukuba ibhakede litsheke ngokushesha, lithulule elikuqukethe kuyilapho elinye ibhakede liya endaweni ukuze liqhubeke nokuqoqa. Ithiphu ngayinye icupha isignali ye-elekthronikhi erekhodwe “njenge-pulse,” futhi inani lemvula namandla kubalwa ngokunembile ngokubala lawa ma-pulses.
Izimo Zokusebenza Ezibalulekile:
- Isexwayiso Sokugcwala kwamanzi Emadolobheni
Etshalwe ezindaweni eziphansi, ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba, nasezintubeni zokungena ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba, lawa ma-gauge aqapha amandla emvula ngesikhathi sangempela, ehlinzeka ngedatha eminyangweni yokuphatha izimo eziphuthumayo ukuze isebenze izivumelwano zokudonsa amanzi. Ngesizini yezikhukhula yango-2022 e-Shenzhen, inethiwekhi yamageji emvula yamabhakede angaphezu kuka-2,000 yakhipha ngempumelelo izexwayiso zezindawo eziyi-12 zokugcwala kwamanzi. - I-Mountain Torrent kanye ne-Geological Disaster Forecasting
Efakwe eduze kwemifudlana yezintaba kanye nezindawo ezingaba yingozi ye-geological, lawa madivayisi aqapha imvula enqwabelanayo kanye nemvula enamandla yesikhathi esifushane ukuze ibikezele izingozi zezikhukhula. ENanping, eSifundazweni SaseFujian, inethiwekhi enjalo yakhipha isixwayiso sesikhukhula esisheshayo ihora elilodwa kusengaphambili, siqinisekisa ukuphuma ngokuphepha kwezakhamuzi zasemaphandleni ezingaphezu kuka-2 000. - I-Smart Agricultural Irrigation
Ngokuhlanganiswe nezinhlelo zokuchelela emapulazini, amageji alungisa amashejuli okunisela ngokusekelwe kudatha yangempela yemvula. Amapulazi amakhulu esiFundazweni saseJiangsu abike ukuthuthuka okungaphezu kwama-30% ekusebenzeni kahle kwamanzi ngemva kokwamukela lobu buchwepheshe. - Ukulinganiswa Kwemodeli Yamanzi
Njengomthombo obaluleke kakhulu nothembekile wedatha yemvula, lawa ma-gauge ahlinzeka ngokuqinisekiswa kwamamodeli okuqagela izikhukhula zemifula. I-Yellow River Conservancy Commission ikhiphe amageji emvula amabhakede angaphezu kuka-5,000 kuwo wonke ama-tributaries ayo.
Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo: Ukusuka kuMechanical kuya ku-Smart
Isizukulwane sakamuva samageji emvula wamabhakede afaka itiphu sihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-IoT. Ifakwe i-GPS positioning kanye namamojula wokudlulisa we-4G/5G, idatha ilayishwa ngesikhathi sangempela ezisekelweni zamafu. Izinhlelo zamandla elanga zinika amandla ukusebenza isikhathi eside ngisho nasezindaweni ezikude. Ngo-2023, uhlelo lwesiFundazwe sase-Henan oluthi “Sky Eye Rain Monitoring” lwahlanganisa iziteshi zemvula ezihlakaniphile ezingaphezu kuka-8,000, luhlinzeka ngezibuyekezo zemvula esifundazweni sonke ngomzuzu ngamunye.
Umbono Wochwepheshe
“Ungawuthathi kancane lo mshini,” kusho uZhang Mingyuan, unjiniyela omkhulu eNational Meteorological Center. “Uma kuqhathaniswa namageji emvula abonakalayo, izikali zemvula zamabhakede azithintwa inkungu noma amazolo, ziletha izilinganiso eduze nemvula yangempela.
Isiphetho
Kusukela ezintabeni eziphakeme kuya emakhoneni emigwaqo yasemadolobheni, laba “baqaphi” abathule bavikela ukuphila nempahla ngendlela eqondile. Ngenxa yokungaqiniseki kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, igeji yemvula yamabhakede, esungulwe esikhathini esingaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu, iyaqhubeka ichuma ngamandla avuselelwe.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-01-2025