Isiteshi sezulu sokuqala esihlakaniphile eNingizimu Melika sisetshenziswe, okwenza kube lula ucwaningo lwesimo sezulu lwesifunda kanye nokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi ngezinhlekelele

Isiteshi sokuqala sezulu esihlakaniphile eNingizimu Melika saqala ukusetshenziswa ngokusemthethweni ezintabeni zase-Andes ePeru. Lesi siteshi sesimanje sesimo sezulu sakhiwa ngokubambisana amazwe amaningi aseNingizimu Melika, sihlose ukuthuthukisa amakhono okucwaninga ngesimo sezulu esifundeni, ukuqinisa uhlelo lokuxwayisa kusengaphambili ngezinhlekelele zemvelo, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngokusekelwa kwedatha yesimo sezulu enembile ezindaweni ezibalulekile njengezolimo, amandla kanye nokuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi.

Izithombe ezinhle kakhulu zobuchwepheshe zesiteshi sezulu esihlakaniphile
Lesi siteshi sesimo sezulu sihlonyiswe ngemishini yokuqapha isimo sezulu ethuthuke kakhulu, okuhlanganisa i-Doppler radar, i-LIDAR, ama-satellite receiver anesinqumo esiphezulu kanye nezinzwa zesimo sezulu zomhlaba. Lawa madivayisi angaqapha imingcele eminingi yesimo sezulu ngesikhathi sangempela, njengokushisa, umswakama, umfutho womoya, isivinini somoya, isiqondiso somoya, imvula kanye nemisebe yelanga.

I-Doppler radar: Isetshenziselwa ukuqapha ubukhali bemvula kanye nendlela yokuhamba kweziphepho, futhi inganikeza izixwayiso zakuqala zezinhlekelele ezifana nemvula enkulu kanye nezikhukhula emahoreni ambalwa kusengaphambili.

2. I-LIDAR: Isetshenziselwa ukukala ukusatshalaliswa okuqondile kwama-aerosol namafu emkhathini, okunikeza idatha ebalulekile yokuqapha ikhwalithi yomoya kanye nocwaningo lokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.

3. Isamukeli sesathelayithi esinesinqumo esiphezulu: Siyakwazi ukuthola idatha evela kumasathelayithi amaningi e-meteorological, sinikeza ukuhlaziywa okubanzi kwezimo zezulu kanye nezitayela.

4. Izinzwa zesimo sezulu emhlabeni: Zisatshalaliswa ezindaweni eziphakeme nezindawo ezahlukene ezizungeze isiteshi sesimo sezulu, ziqoqa idatha yesimo sezulu emhlabeni ngesikhathi sangempela ukuqinisekisa ukunemba nokuphelela kwedatha.

Ukubambisana kwesifunda kanye nokwabelana ngedatha
Lesi siteshi sezulu esihlakaniphile siwumphumela wokubambisana phakathi kwamazwe amaningi aseNingizimu Melika, okuhlanganisa iPeru, iChile, iBrazil, i-Argentina neColombia. Amazwe abambe iqhaza azothola futhi ashintshanise idatha yesimo sezulu ngesikhathi sangempela ngepulatifomu yedatha ehlanganyelwe. Le pulatifomu ayisizi nje kuphela iminyango yesimo sezulu yamazwe ahlukahlukene ukwenza izibikezelo zesimo sezulu ezingcono kanye nezixwayiso zenhlekelele, kodwa futhi inikeza izinsiza zedatha ezicebile zezikhungo zocwaningo lwesayensi, zikhuthaza ucwaningo emikhakheni efana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.

Thuthukisa amandla okuxwayisa ngenhlekelele kusenesikhathi
INingizimu Melika iyisifunda lapho izinhlekelele zemvelo zenzeka khona njalo, okuhlanganisa ukuzamazama komhlaba, izikhukhula, isomiso kanye nokuqhuma kwezintaba-mlilo, njll. Ukuvuselelwa kweziteshi zezulu ezihlakaniphile kuzothuthukisa kakhulu amandla okuxwayisa kusengaphambili kwenhlekelele yesifunda. Ngokuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha, ochwepheshe bezulu bangabikezela izenzakalo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu ngokunembe kakhudlwana futhi bakhiphe ulwazi lwesixwayiso kusenesikhathi emphakathini nakuhulumeni ngesikhathi esifanele, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa yizinhlekelele.

Umthelela kwezolimo kanye namandla
Idatha yesimo sezulu ibaluleke kakhulu emikhakheni yezolimo kanye namandla. Izibikezelo zesimo sezulu ezinembile zingasiza abalimi ukuhlela kangcono imisebenzi yezolimo futhi bandise isivuno sezitshalo. Okwamanje, idatha yesimo sezulu ingasetshenziswa futhi ukwenza ngcono ukukhiqizwa nokusatshalaliswa kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, njengamandla elanga nawomoya. Ukusebenza kweziteshi zesimo sezulu ezihlakaniphile kuzohlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuqinile kwentuthuko yezolimo kanye namandla eNingizimu Melika.

Umbono Wesikhathi Esizayo
Umqondisi wePeruvian Meteorological Service uthe emcimbini wokuvula: “Ukuvulwa kwesiteshi sezulu esihlakaniphile kuphawula isinyathelo esisha esiqhubekela phambili ngembangela yesimo sezulu eNingizimu Melika.” Sithemba ukuthi ngale nkundla, singakhuthaza ukubambisana kwesimo sezulu esifundeni, sithuthukise amakhono okuxwayisa kusengaphambili ngezinhlekelele, futhi sinikeze isisekelo sesayensi sokuphendula ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu.

Esikhathini esizayo, amazwe aseNingizimu Melika ahlela ukwandisa amanethiwekhi awo okuqapha isimo sezulu ngokusekelwe eziteshini zesimo sezulu ezihlakaniphile, engeza iziteshi zokubuka ezengeziwe kanye namaphuzu okuqoqwa kwedatha. Okwamanje, wonke amazwe azophinde athuthukise ukukhuliswa kwamakhono kanye nokushintshana kwezobuchwepheshe ukuze kukhuthazwe ngokubambisana intuthuko yemisebenzi yesimo sezulu eNingizimu Melika.

Isiphetho
Ukwethulwa kwesiteshi sezulu sokuqala esihlakaniphile saseNingizimu Melika akugcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngosekelo oluqinile lobuchwepheshe ocwaningweni lwesimo sezulu lwesifunda kanye nokuxwayisa kusengaphambili ngezinhlekelele, kodwa futhi kubeka isisekelo esiqinile sokubambisana phakathi kwamazwe emkhakheni wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nentuthuko esimeme. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokujula kokubambisana, imboni yesimo sezulu eNingizimu Melika izokwamukela ikusasa eliqhakazile nakakhulu.