Esimweni sanamuhla semithombo yamanzi yomhlaba wonke esiqhubeka nokuba nzima, imodeli yendabuko yokuphathwa okubanzi kwezolimo ayikwazanga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zentuthuko eqhubekayo yezolimo zanamuhla. Ezolimo ezinembile, njengemodeli entsha yokuphathwa kwezolimo, kancane kancane ziba yisiqondiso esiyinhloko sentuthuko yezolimo. Inzwa yamanzi enhlabathi, njengenye yemishini eyinhloko yezolimo ezinembile, iletha izinguquko ezinkulu ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo.
Izinzwa zamandla amanzi enhlabathini: ithuluzi eliyinhloko lokulima ngokunemba
Inzwa yamanzi omhlabathi Inzwa engaba khona iyithuluzi elingaqapha isimo samanzi omhlabathi ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngokulinganisa amandla amanzi omhlabathi (iyunithi: kPa), abalimi bangaqonda izinga lesomiso senhlabathi kanye nezidingo zamanzi ezitshalo. Isimiso sayo sokusebenza sisekelwe ezimpahleni ezibonakalayo zamandla amanzi omhlabathi: lapho amanzi omhlabathi egcwala, amandla amanzi ayi-zero; Uma okuqukethwe kwamanzi kuphansi kunesimo sokugcwala, amandla amanzi ayi-negative, futhi lapho inhlabathi yomile, kulapho inani elibi liba likhulu khona.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokunisela zendabuko, izinzwa zamandla okusebenzisa amanzi enhlabathini zinezinzuzo ezibalulekile:
Ukuqapha okunembile: Thola idatha yomswakama wenhlabathi ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze ugweme ukuchitha izinsiza ezibangelwa ukunisela okubonakalayo.
Ukonga amanzi ngendlela efanele: Ngokwezidingo zamanzi ezitshalo kanye nomthamo wokugcina amanzi enhlabathini, izinhlelo zokunisela zesayensi zakhiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamanzi.
Ukuphathwa okuhlakaniphile: Ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-Intanethi Yezinto ukuze kufezwe ukuqapha okude kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha ukuze kunikezwe isisekelo sesayensi sokukhiqiza kwezolimo.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zezinzwa zamandla okusebenzisa amanzi enhlabathini
Ukunemba okuphezulu nokuqina: Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zobumba kanye nenqubo yokubumba injection ye-epoxy resin ukuqinisekisa ukuqina nokunemba kwenzwa ensimini isikhathi eside.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwemisebenzi eminingi: Ezinye izinzwa zingaphinde ziqaphe izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kanye neminye imingcele ngesikhathi esisodwa, zinikeze idatha ephelele yezemvelo yokukhiqiza kwezolimo.
Ukufakwa nokugcinwa okulula: akukho ukuhlela okuyinkimbinkimbi okudingekayo, idatha ingaqoqwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kokushumeka, ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinkulu.
Izimo zokusetshenziswa: Kusukela emasimini kuya ocwaningweni lwesayensi, yonke indawo
Inzwa yamandla enhlabathi ibonise ukubaluleka kwayo okunamandla emikhakheni eminingi:
Ukuphathwa kokunisela kwezolimo: Ngokuqapha umswakama wenhlabathi ngesikhathi sangempela, ukulawula isikhathi sokunisela kanye nomthamo wamanzi, kuthuthukisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yesivuno.
Ukutshala i-greenhouse: Ukuthuthukisa indawo ye-greenhouse, ukulawula ukutholakala kwamanzi, ukunciphisa ukuvela kwezifo nezinambuzane, nokuthuthukisa izinzuzo zomnotho.
Ucwaningo lwesayensi kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo: Nikeza ukwesekwa kwedatha ebalulekile yocwaningo lomswakama wenhlabathi ezindaweni ezomile, inhlabathi eqandisiwe, umgwaqo kanye neminye imikhakha ekhethekile.
Icala 1:
Amashumi ezinkulungwane zezinzwa zamanzi enhlabathini ezakhiwe yinkampani yethu zithengiswa emhlabeni wonke futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi emalabhorethri nasemasimu. Umklamo wayo omncane kanye nesikhathi sokusabela okusheshayo kwenza kube ukukhetha kokuqala kocwaningo lwelabhorethri.
“Ukunemba kanye nokulula kokusetshenziswa kwenzwa yamanzi enhlabathi kwenza idatha yethu yokuhlola ithembeke kakhudlwana, ikakhulukazi lapho kufundwa ukusatshalaliswa kwamanzi enhlabathi,” kusho umcwaningi wezolimo waseJalimane.
Icala 2:
Inzwa yamandla okusebenzisa amanzi enhlabathini ifaneleka futhi ekulinganisweni kwamandla okusebenzisa amanzi enhlabathini endaweni eyomile, futhi umklamo wayo ongenakho ukulungiswa kanye nenzwa yokushisa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi iyathandwa abasebenzisi.
Umlimi wase-Australia uphawule wathi: “Inzwa yamanzi enhlabathi isisize songe amanzi amaningi, ngenkathi ithuthukisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yezitshalo zethu. Sanelisekile kakhulu ngokuqina kwayo kanye nokunemba kwayo.”
Icala 3:
Inzwa yamanzi enhlabathi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuphathweni kokunisela kwezolimo ngenxa yokuphatheka kwayo kalula kanye nomsebenzi wokubonisa idatha ngesikhathi sangempela, ikakhulukazi ekuqapheni amandla amanzi endaweni yotshani kanye nezimpande zezitshalo.
Usomabhizinisi waseCalifornia uthe: “Inzwa yokuzwa amanzi enhlabathini ilula ukuyisebenzisa futhi inedatha enembile, okusisiza ukuthi sithole ukunisela okunembile futhi kunciphise kakhulu imfucuza yamanzi.”
Umkhuba wentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo: intuthuko ehlakaniphile neqhubekayo
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe obufana ne-Internet of Things kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, izinzwa zamanzi enhlabathi ziya ngokuya ziqondana nobuhlakani kanye nokuhlanganiswa:
Ubuhlakani: Ngokusebenzisa i-cloud computing kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha enkulu, ukuqapha okukude kanye nokwenza izinqumo ngobuhlakani kungafinyelelwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuphathwa kwezolimo.
Ukuqapha amapharamitha amaningi: Esikhathini esizayo, izinzwa zizolinganisa izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi, usawoti, inani le-pH kanye neminye imingcele ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze zinikeze ulwazi oluphelele lwezemvelo lokukhiqiza kwezolimo.
Inobungani nemvelo futhi ihlala isikhathi eside: Ukusebenzisa izinto zokwakha kanye nemiklamo enobungani nemvelo ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila kwenzwa futhi kuncishiswe umthelela emvelweni.
Isiphetho: Ukukhetha inzwa yamanzi enhlabathi kuvula inkathi entsha yezolimo
Inzwa yamanzi enhlabathi ayiyona nje ithuluzi elibalulekile kwezolimo olunembile, kodwa futhi iyisihluthulelo sokufeza intuthuko yezolimo esimeme. Isiza abalimi ukuphatha izinsiza zamanzi ngokwesayensi, ithuthukise isivuno sezitshalo kanye nekhwalithi, ngenkathi inciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza, futhi ifaka amandla amasha kwezolimo zesimanje.
Uma ufuna ikhambi lokuphatha ezolimo elisebenza kahle nelihlakaniphile, izinzwa zamandla okusebenzisa amanzi enhlabathini ziyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu kuwe. Xhumana nathi namuhla ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngemikhiqizo yethu futhi uqale uhambo lwakho lokulima oluhlakaniphile!
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-21-2025