1. Incazelo yobuchwepheshe kanye nemisebenzi eyinhloko
I-Soil Sensor iyithuluzi elihlakaniphile eliqapha imingcele yemvelo yenhlabathi ngesikhathi sangempela ngezindlela zomzimba noma zamakhemikhali. Ubukhulu bayo obuyinhloko bokuqapha buhlanganisa:
Ukuqapha amanzi: Okuqukethwe kwamanzi omthamo (i-VWC), amandla e-matrix (kPa)
Izakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali: Ukuqhuba kukagesi (EC), i-pH, amandla e-REDOX (ORP)
Ukuhlaziywa kwezakhamzimba: Okuqukethwe yi-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium (NPK), ukuhlushwa kwezinto eziphilayo
Amapharamitha e-Thermodynamic: iphrofayili yokushisa kwenhlabathi (ukulinganiswa kwe-gradient okungu-0-100cm)
Izinkomba zezinto eziphilayo: Umsebenzi we-microbial (izinga lokuphefumula le-CO₂)
Okwesibili, ukuhlaziywa kobuchwepheshe bokuzwa obujwayelekile
Inzwa yomswakama
Uhlobo lwe-TDR (i-reflectometry yesizinda sesikhathi): ukulinganiswa kwesikhathi sokusabalala kwamagagasi kagesi (ukunemba ±1%, ububanzi 0-100%)
Uhlobo lwe-FDR (ukubonakaliswa kwesizinda semvamisa): Ukutholwa kwemvume ye-capacitor (izindleko eziphansi, kudinga ukulinganiswa okuvamile)
I-neutron probe: Inani le-neutron elilinganisiwe le-hydrogen (ukunemba kwebanga lelebhu, imvume yemisebe iyadingeka)
I-probe ehlanganisiwe yamapharamitha amaningi
Inzwa engu-5-in-1: Umswakama +EC+ izinga lokushisa +pH+ I-nitrogen (ukuvikelwa kwe-IP68, ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-saline-alkali)
Inzwa ye-Spectroscopic: Ukutholwa kwezinto eziphilayo eduze kwe-infrared (NIR) endaweni yazo (umkhawulo wokutholwa ngu-0.5%)
Intuthuko entsha kwezobuchwepheshe
I-electrode ye-carbon nanotube: Isixazululo sokulinganisa se-EC esifinyelela ku-1μS/cm
I-chip ye-Microfluidic: imizuzwana engama-30 ukuqedela ukutholakala okusheshayo kwe-nitrate nitrogen
Okwesithathu, izimo zokusetshenziswa kwemboni kanye nenani ledatha
1. Ukuphathwa okunembile kwezolimo ezihlakaniphile (Insimu yommbila e-Iowa, e-USA)
Uhlelo lokusabalalisa:
Isiteshi esisodwa sokuqapha iphrofayili njalo ngamahektha ayi-10 (20/50/100cm enezitezi ezintathu)
Ukuxhumana okungenantambo (i-LoRaWAN, ibanga lokudlulisela elingu-3km)
Isinqumo esihlakaniphile:
Isiqalisi sokunisela: Qala ukunisela ngamaconsi uma i-VWC ingaphansi kuka-18% ekujuleni okungu-40cm
Umanyolo oguquguqukayo: Ukulungiswa okuguquguqukayo kokusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen ngokusekelwe kumehluko wenani le-EC elingu-±20%
Imininingwane yezinzuzo:
Ukonga amanzi ngo-28%, izinga lokusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen landa ngo-35%
Ukwenyuka kwamathani angu-0.8 ommbila ngehektha ngalinye
2. Ukuqapha ukulawulwa kokuguquka kwezindawo zibe yihlane (Iphrojekthi Yokuvuselela Imvelo yaseSahara Fringe)
Uhlu lwezinzwa:
Ukuqapha itafula lamanzi (i-piezoresistive, ububanzi be-0-10MPa)
Ukulandelela usawoti ngaphambili (iprobe ye-EC enobuningi obuphezulu enesikhala se-electrode esingu-1mm)
Imodeli yesixwayiso sasekuqaleni:
Inkomba yokuguquka kwezindawo zibe yihlane =0.4×(EC>4dS/m)+0.3×(izinto eziphilayo <0.6%)+0.3×(okuqukethwe kwamanzi <5%)
Umphumela wokubusa:
Ukumbozwa kwezitshalo kukhuphuke kusuka ku-12% kuya ku-37%
Ukwehla kuka-62% kosawoti ongaphezulu
3. Isexwayiso senhlekelele ye-geology (iSifundazwe saseShizuoka, iNethiwekhi Yokuqapha Ukudilika Kwenhlabathi yaseJapan)
Uhlelo lokuqapha:
Ukwehla kwangaphakathi: inzwa yokucindezela kwamanzi embotsheni (ibanga 0-200kPa)
Ukufuduka komphezulu: I-MEMS dipmeter (isisombululo esingu-0.001°)
I-algorithm yesexwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi:
Imvula ebalulekile: ukugcwala kwenhlabathi >85% kanye nemvula yehora >30mm
Izinga lokufuduka: amahora ama-3 alandelanayo >5mm/h i-alamu ebomvu ye-trigger
Imiphumela yokusetshenziswa:
Ukudilika komhlaba okuthathu kwaxwayiswa ngempumelelo ngo-2021
Isikhathi sokuphendula eziphuthumayo sincishisiwe saba yimizuzu eyi-15
4. Ukulungiswa kwezindawo ezingcolisiwe (Ukwelashwa kwezinsimbi ezisindayo eRuhr Industrial Zone, eJalimane)
Uhlelo lokuthola:
Inzwa ye-XRF Fluorescence: Ukutholwa kwe-Lead/cadmium/Arsenic in situ (ukunemba kwe-ppm)
I-REDOX potential chain: Ukuqapha izinqubo zokulungisa izinto eziphilayo
Ukulawula okuhlakaniphile:
I-Phytoremediation iyasebenza lapho ukuhlushwa kwe-arsenic kwehla ngaphansi kwama-50ppm
Uma amandla edlula ama-200mV, ukujova komnikeli wama-electron kukhuthaza ukuwohloka kwamagciwane
Idatha yokuphatha:
Ukungcoliswa komthofu kwehliswe ngo-92%
Umjikelezo wokulungisa wehliswe ngo-40%
4. Umkhuba wokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwezobuchwepheshe
Ukwenziwa kube lula kanye ne-array
Izinzwa ze-nanowire (ezingaphansi kuka-100nm ububanzi) zivumela ukuqapha indawo yezimpande zesitshalo esisodwa
Isikhumba se-elekthronikhi esiguquguqukayo (ukunwebeka okungu-300%) SIYAZIvumelanisa nokuguquguquka kwenhlabathi
Ukuhlanganiswa kokubona okuningi
Ukuguqulwa kokuthungwa komhlabathi yigagasi le-acoustic kanye nokuqhuba kukagesi
Indlela yokulinganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okushisayo kokuqhuba kwamanzi (ukunemba ±5%)
I-AI iqhuba ukuhlaziya okuhlakaniphile
Amanethiwekhi e-neural convolutional akhomba izinhlobo zenhlabathi (ukunemba okungu-98%)
Amawele edijithali alingisa ukufuduka kwezakhamzimba
5. Amacala ajwayelekile okusetshenziswa: Iphrojekthi yokuvikela umhlaba wabamnyama eNyakatho-mpumalanga yeShayina
Inethiwekhi yokuqapha:
Amasethi ezinzwa ayi-100,000 amboza amahektha ayizigidi ezi-5 omhlaba wezolimo
Kwasungulwa isizindalwazi se-3D “somswakama, ukuvunda kanye nokubumbana” engqimbeni yomhlabathi engu-0-50cm
Inqubomgomo yokuvikela:
Uma izinto eziphilayo zingaphansi kuka-3%, ukujika utshani ngokujulile kuyimfuneko
Ubuningi bomhlabathi >1.35g/cm³ bubangela ukusebenza kwenhlabathi engaphansi komhlabathi
Imiphumela yokusetshenziswa:
Izinga lokulahlekelwa ungqimba lomhlabathi omnyama lehle ngo-76%
Isilinganiso sesivuno sikabhontshisi ngo-mu sikhuphuke ngo-21%
Indawo yokugcina ikhabhoni ikhuphuke ngamathani angu-0.8/ha ngonyaka
Isiphetho
Kusukela “ekulimeni okubonakalayo” kuya “ekulimeni idatha,” izinzwa zomhlabathi zishintsha indlela abantu abakhuluma ngayo nomhlabathi. Ngokuhlanganiswa okujulile kwenqubo ye-MEMS kanye nobuchwepheshe be-Intanethi Yezinto, ukuqapha umhlabathi kuzofeza impumelelo ekuxazululweni kwendawo okulinganiselwe kanye nokuphendula kwesikhathi ezingeni lemizuzu esikhathini esizayo. Ukuphendula izinselele ezifana nokuvikeleka kokudla emhlabeni wonke kanye nokuwohloka kwemvelo, laba “balindi abathule” abangcwatshwe ngokujulile bazoqhubeka nokunikeza ukwesekwa kwedatha ebalulekile futhi bakhuthaze ukuphathwa nokulawulwa okuhlakaniphile kwezinhlelo zomhlaba.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-17-2025