Izinzwa zomhlabathi eNyakatho neMakedoniya: Amandla amasha oshintsho kwezolimo

ENyakatho yeMakedoniya, ezolimo, njengemboni ebalulekile, zibhekene nenselele yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nezinga lemikhiqizo yezolimo. Muva nje, ubuchwepheshe obusha, inzwa yomhlabathi, buthule buqala ukushintsha kwezolimo kulo mhlaba, okuletha ithemba elisha kubalimi bendawo. .

Ukutshala okunembayo kuvumela umhlaba ukuthi ukhulise amandla awo
Isimo sendawo kanye nezimo zenhlabathi yaseNyakatho yeMakedoniya ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zihlukahlukene, futhi ukuvunda komhlabathi kanye nomswakama ezindaweni ezahlukene kuhluke kakhulu. Esikhathini esedlule, abalimi babethembele kokuhlangenwe nakho ukuze benze imisebenzi yokulima, futhi kwakunzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezitshalo ngokunembile. Lokho kwashintsha kakhulu lapho umlimi ethula izinzwa zomhlabathi. Lezi zinzwa zingakwazi ukuqapha izinkomba ezibalulekile ezifana nenhlabathi pH, i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium okuqukethwe, umswakama kanye nezinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngolwazi olunikezwa yizinzwa, abalimi bangakwazi ukunquma ngokunembile ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezitshalo ezifanele ukutshala ezindaweni ezihlukene futhi bathuthukise izinhlelo zokuvundisa nokunisela eziqondene nomuntu. Isibonelo, endaweni lapho inhlabathi ine-nitrogen ephansi, idatha yezinzwa yenza umlimi akhulise inani le-nitrogen futhi alungise imvamisa yokunisela ngokusekelwe kumswakama wenhlabathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, isivuno sezitshalo esiqandisini senyuke ngo-25% uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esedlule, futhi umkhiqizo usezingeni elihle futhi unokuncintisana kakhulu emakethe. .

Yehlisa izindleko futhi uthuthukise izinzuzo zomnotho wezolimo
Kubalimi baseNyakatho neMakedoniya, ukunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza kuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa imbuyiselo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zomhlabathi kusiza abalimi ukuthi babone ukusetshenziswa okunembile kwezinsiza futhi bagweme ukumosha. Emasimini amagilebhisi, abanikazi bavame ukutshala imali ngokweqile ekuvundiseni nasekuniseleni esikhathini esedlule, okungagcini nje ngokunyusa izindleko, kodwa futhi kungaba nomthelela omubi emhlabathini nasemvelweni. Ngokufaka izinzwa zomhlabathi, abalimi bangakwazi ukulawula ngokunembile inani likamanyolo namanzi abawasebenzisayo ngokusekelwe olwazini abalunikezayo mayelana nezakhi zomhlabathi kanye nomswakama. Ngokuhamba konyaka, ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo kwehliswa ngo-20%, amanzi okunisela ongiwa ngo-30%, futhi isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yamagilebhisi akuzange kuthinteke nhlobo. Abanikazi bayajabula ngokuthi izinzwa zomhlabathi azigcini nje ngokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi zenza ukuphathwa kwesivini kube ngokwesayensi nokusebenza kahle. .

Ukubhekana nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuqinisekisa intuthuko yezolimo esimeme
Njengoba imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu iba sobala kakhulu, ezolimo eNyakatho Macedonia zibhekene nokungaqiniseki okwengeziwe. Izinzwa zomhlabathi zingasiza abalimi ukuthi babhekane kangcono nezinselele ezilethwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu futhi baqinisekise intuthuko yezolimo esimeme. Ezindaweni ezikhiqiza ukolweni, isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje siye saholela ekushintshashintsheni okubukhali komswakama wenhlabathi kanye nezinga lokushisa, okuthinta kakhulu ukukhula kukakolweni. Abalimi basebenzisa izinzwa zomhlabathi ukuze baqaphe isimo senhlabathi ngesikhathi sangempela, futhi lapho inzwa ibona ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi liphezulu kakhulu noma umswakama uphansi kakhulu, umlimi angathatha izinyathelo ezihambisanayo ngesikhathi, njengokufiphaza nokupholisa noma ukuchelela okungeziwe. Ngale ndlela, ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu esibi, ukukhiqizwa kukakolweni kulesi sifunda kusagcina isivuno esizinzile, kunciphisa umthelela wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ekukhiqizeni kwezolimo.
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Ochwepheshe bezoLimo baveze ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zomhlabathi eNyakatho yeMakedoniya kunikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kokuguqulwa kwezolimo zendawo kusuka kumamodeli wendabuko kuya kwezolimo zanamuhla ezinembile, eziphumelelayo neziqhubekayo. Ngokuqhubeka nokukhuthazwa kanye nokuduma kwalobu buchwepheshe, kulindeleke ukuthi kugqugquzelwe imboni yezolimo eNyakatho yeMakedoniya ukuze kuzuzwe izinga eliphezulu, ilethe izinzuzo zezomnotho ezengeziwe kubalimi, futhi kukhuthaze ukuvikelwa kwemvelo yezolimo. Kukholakala ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, izinzwa zomhlabathi zizoba indinganiso ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo eNyakatho yeMakedoniya, zisize ezolimo zendawo ukuthi zibhale isahluko esisha esihle. .