Isifunda saseNordic sidume ngesimo sezulu esibandayo esiyingqayizivele nomhlabathi ovundile, noma kunjalo, ukulima isikhathi eside kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezinto eziphilayo zenhlabathi, ukungalingani kwezakhi kanye nezinye izinkinga ezikhulayo. Ukubhekana nale nselelo, izinzwa zomhlabathi ziye zavela njengendlela entsha yokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle kwezolimo zaseNordic.
Izici zomhlabathi nezinselelo zezolimo eNyakatho Yurophu
Inhlabathi eNyakatho Yurophu ngokuyinhloko inhlabathi ene-podzolized kanye nenhlabathi ye-peat. Nakuba umhlabathi uvundile kwezinye izindawo, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lesikhathi eside kanye nemvelo enomswakama ophezulu kuholela ekuboleni kancane kwezinto eziphilayo zenhlabathi kanye nokukhululwa kwezakhi ezanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kukamanyolo wendabuko kuye kwabhebhethekisa ukugcwala kwe-asidi yomhlabathi, ukubumbana kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ngokwesibonelo, eSweden naseFinland, ukugcwala kwe-asidi enhlabathini kuye kwathinta isivuno sebhali ne-oat; Isifunda senhlabathi ye-peat yaseNorway sinenkinga yokulahlekelwa izinto eziphilayo kanye nokusetshenziswa okuncane komsoco.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zezinzwa zomhlabathi
Inzwa yomhlabathi iyithuluzi elihlakaniphile elingaqapha imingcele ebalulekile efana nezinga lokushisa lomhlabathi, umswakama, i-pH, nokuqukethwe kwezakhi ngesikhathi sangempela. Izinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
1. Ukuqapha okunembile: Thola idatha yomhlabathi ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusebenzisa izakhi zokuzwa ezinembayo ukuze usize abalimi baqonde izimo zenhlabathi futhi bathuthukise izinhlelo zokutshala zesayensi.
2. Ukuphatha ngobuhlakani: Kuhlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe be-inthanethi Yezinto, ukunisela ngenkasa okuzenzakalelayo, ukuvundisa kanye nesixwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi sezifo nezinambuzane kungafinyelelwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwezolimo.
3. Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu: ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo nezibulala-zinambuzane, ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, futhi kukhuthaze intuthuko yezolimo esimeme.
4. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqinile: ukwakhiwa kwamanzi, ukulwa nokugqwala, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zezulu ezibandayo nezimanzi enyakatho yeYurophu, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside.
Amacala aphumelele kanye namathemba ohlelo lokusebenza
Ezifundeni eziningana zaseNyakatho Yurophu, izinzwa zomhlabathi zithole imiphumela ebalulekile:
1. Ukulima kwebhali eSweden: Ngokugada umswakama womhlabathi kanye nokuqukethwe kwezakhi ngesikhathi sangempela, isivuno sebhali senyuke ngo-15% futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kukhuphuke ngo-20%.
2. Ukutshalwa kwe-oat e-Finland: Ngokusebenzisa isifo kanye nomsebenzi wokuxwayisa izinambuzane wezinzwa zomhlabathi, izifo ze-oat ziyancipha ngo-30%, futhi imali engenayo yabalimi ikhuphuka kakhulu.
3. Ukutshalwa kwamazambane aseNorway: Ngokufaka umanyolo onembile kanye nokunisela, okuqukethwe kwesitashi samazambane kukhuphuka ngo-10%, futhi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo iba ngcono kakhulu.
Umbono wekusasa
Ngesidingo esikhulayo sokuphathwa okunembayo kwezolimo zaseNyakatho Yurophu, imakethe yezinzwa zomhlabathi iyathembisa. Ngokuzayo, sizoqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo yethu, sandise ububanzi bokusebenza, futhi sibambisane neziphathimandla zezolimo emazweni ase-Nordic ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zomhlabathi ukuze kufakwe isandla ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwezolimo zesifunda.
Mayelana NATHI
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-14-2025