Imakethe yezinzwa zomswakama wenhlabathi izoba ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-US$300 ngo-2023 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula saminyaka yonke esingaphezu kuka-14% kusukela ngo-2024 kuya ku-2032.
Izinzwa zomswakama womhlabathi zakhiwe ngama-probe afakwe emhlabathini athola amazinga omswakama ngokulinganisa ugesi noma amandla enhlabathi. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono amashejuli okunisela ukuqinisekisa ukukhula kwezitshalo okufanele nokuvimbela ukuchitheka kwamanzi kwezolimo kanye nokuhlelwa kwengadi. Intuthuko ku-Inthanethi Yezinto (IoT) kanye nobuchwepheshe bezinzwa kuqhuba ukwanda kwemakethe. Lokhu kusungula izinto ezintsha kunikeza ukuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokufinyelela kude kwedatha yomswakama womhlabathi, kuthuthukisa imikhuba yokulima enembile. Ukuhlanganiswa namapulatifomu e-IoT kwenza kube lula ukuqoqwa kwedatha nokuhlaziywa okungenamthungo ukuthuthukisa ukuhlela kokunisela kanye nokuphathwa kwezinsiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intuthuko ekunembileni kwezinzwa, ukuqina, kanye nokuxhumeka okungenantambo kuqhuba ukwamukelwa kwazo kwezolimo kanye nokuhlelwa kwengadi, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphumelelayo kanye nesivuno esikhulu sezitshalo.
Izinzwa zomswakama womhlabathi, ezenzelwe ngqo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe yezobuchwepheshe bezolimo, zixwayisa abasebenzisi kudivayisi yeselula noma kwikhompyutha ngokuthi banisela izitshalo ezingakanani, nini futhi kuphi noma izindawo zezentengiselwano. Le sensor yomswakama womhlabathi entsha isiza abalimi, abalimi bezentengiselwano kanye nabaphathi bezindlu zokugcina izithombo ukuxhuma kalula imisebenzi yabo yokunisela ngokunemba kwi-Intanethi Yezinto. Le sensor ye-IoT inikeza indlela ephumelelayo yokuthuthukisa ngokushesha ukuhlela nokusebenza kahle kokunisela kusetshenziswa idatha yezempilo yomhlabathi ngesikhathi esifanele.
Imizamo kahulumeni yokonga amanzi inyuse ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zomswakama wenhlabathi kwezolimo. Izinqubomgomo ezikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela ephumelelayo zikhuthaza abalimi ukuthi basebenzise izindlela zokuphatha ukuchelela ngokunembile. Izibonelelo, izibonelelo, kanye nemithethonqubo ekhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zomswakama wenhlabathi ziqhuba ukukhula kwemakethe ngokubhekana nezinkinga zemvelo kanye nokukhuthaza imikhuba yezolimo esimeme.
Imakethe yezinzwa zomswakama wenhlabathi ivinjelwe yizinselelo zokuhumusha idatha kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwayo. Ubunzima bezinhlelo zezolimo kanye nezimo zenhlabathi ezishintshayo kungenza kube nzima ngabalimi ukuhumusha idatha yezinzwa ngempumelelo futhi bayihlanganise ekwenzeni izinqumo. Abalimi badinga ulwazi lwezolimo kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha, futhi ukuhlanganisa idatha yezinzwa nezinhlelo zokuphatha ezikhona kudala izinkinga zokuhambisana, okubambezela ukwamukelwa.
Kukhona ushintsho olucacile kwezolimo olunembile oluqhutshwa yintuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe bezinzwa kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni okwandisiwe kwezinzwa zomswakama wenhlabathi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuchelela kanye nokuphathwa kwezinsiza. Ukugcizelela okukhula ekusimeni okuzinzile kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kushukumisele abalimi ukuthi batshale imali kwezobuchwepheshe obungasebenzisa amanzi kahle, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise isidingo sezinzwa zomswakama wenhlabathi. Ukuhlanganisa izinzwa zomswakama wenhlabathi namapulatifomu e-IoT kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha okusekelwe efwini kwenza kube nokuqapha kanye nokwenza izinqumo ngesikhathi sangempela, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe umkhiqizo wezolimo.
Kunokugxila okwandayo ekuthuthukiseni izixazululo zezinzwa ezingabizi futhi ezilula ukuzisebenzisa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zabalimi abancane kanye nezimakethe ezisafufusa. Okokugcina, ukubambisana phakathi kwabakhiqizi bezinzwa, izinkampani zobuchwepheshe bezolimo, kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo kuqhuba ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zomswakama wenhlabathi ezindaweni ezahlukene zezolimo.
INyakatho Melika izobamba isabelo esikhulu (ngaphezu kuka-35%) semakethe yezinzwa zomswakama womhlabathi womhlaba wonke ngo-2023 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngenxa yezici ezifana nokwamukelwa okwengeziwe kobuchwepheshe bezolimo obunembile obudinga ukuqapha umswakama womhlabathi okunembile ukuze kunikezwe ukunisela okuhle. Isabelo sizokhula kakhulu. Imizamo kahulumeni yokukhuthaza ezolimo eziqhubekayo kanye nokulondolozwa kwamanzi kuye kwanda isidingo. Ingqalasizinda yezolimo ethuthukisiwe yesifunda kanye nokuqwashisa okuphezulu ngokusimama kwemvelo kuqhuba ukukhula kwemakethe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intuthuko eqhubekayo yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuba khona kwabadlali abakhulu embonini kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo kulindeleke ukuthi kusheshise ukukhula kwemakethe yaseNyakatho Melika.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-18-2024