Imboni yezolimo iyisizinda sokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezesayensi nobuchwepheshe. Amapulazi anamuhla neminye imisebenzi yezolimo ihluke kakhulu kweyangesikhathi esidlule.
Ochwepheshe kulo mkhakha bavame ukuzimisela ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Ubuchwepheshe bungasiza ekwenzeni imisebenzi isebenze kahle, okuvumela abalimi ukuthi benze okuningi ngesikhathi esincane.
Njengoba inani labantu likhula, ukukhiqizwa kokudla kuyaqhubeka nokukhula, konke okuncike kumanyolo wamakhemikhali.
Umgomo omkhulu ukuthi abalimi banciphise inani lomanyolo abawusebenzisayo ngenkathi bekhulisa isivuno.
Khumbula ukuthi ezinye izitshalo zidinga umanyolo owengeziwe, njengokolweni.
Umanyolo yinoma iyiphi into efakwe enhlabathini ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhula kwezitshalo futhi usuyingxenye ebalulekile yomkhiqizo wezolimo, ikakhulukazi ngokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zomanyolo, okuhlanganisa umanyolo wamaminerali, wemvelo kanye nowezimboni. Iningi lawo liqukethe izakhamzimba ezintathu ezibalulekile: i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium.
Ngeshwa, akusiyo yonke i-nitrogen efinyelela ezitshalweni ngokwayo. Eqinisweni, yi-50% kuphela ye-nitrogen ekumanyolo esetshenziswa izitshalo ezindaweni zokulima.
Ukulahleka kwe-nitrogen kuyinkinga yemvelo njengoba ingena emoyeni nasemanzini afana namachibi, imifula, imifudlana kanye nolwandle. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi kwezolimo zanamuhla, umanyolo we-nitrogen uvame ukusetshenziswa.
Amanye ama-microorganisms enhlabathini angaguqula i-nitrogen ibe amanye amagesi aqukethe i-nitrogen abizwa ngokuthi ama-greenhouse gases (ama-GHG). Ukwanda kwamazinga okukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa emkhathini kuholela ekufudumaleni komhlaba, futhi ekugcineni, ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nitrous oxide (igesi yokushisa) isebenza kangcono kune-carbon dioxide.
Zonke lezi zinto zingaba nomthelela omubi emvelweni. Umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen uyinkemba esika nhlangothi zombili: ubalulekile ekukhuleni kwezitshalo, kodwa i-nitrogen eningi ingakhishwa emoyeni futhi ibangele imiphumela emibi eminingi empilweni yabantu nezilwane.
Njengoba abathengi abaningi bethatha izindlela zokuphila eziluhlaza, izinkampani kuzo zonke izimboni zifuna ukwamukela imikhuba eqhubekayo ukuze zibe nomthelela omuhle emvelweni.
Abalimi bazokwazi ukunciphisa inani lamakhemikhali asetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izitshalo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa isivuno.
Abalimi bangashintsha izindlela zabo zokufaka umanyolo ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zezitshalo zabo kanye nemiphumela abafuna ukuyifinyelela.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 28-2023