Amadivayisi esayensi angakwazi ukuzwa izenzakalo ezibonakalayo—izinzwa—awayona into entsha. Sisondela ekugubheni iminyaka engu-400 ye-thermometer ye-glass-tube, isibonelo. Uma sibheka isikhathi esibuyela emuva emakhulwini eminyaka, ukwethulwa kwezinzwa ezisekelwe ku-semiconductor kusha kakhulu, nokho, futhi onjiniyela abakudingi nhlobo ukukhathala okungenzeka ngazo.
Izinzwa ze-semiconductor zangena ngokushesha emhlabeni wethu, ngokwengxenye ngoba zingahlanganiswa kalula futhi zilawulwe yisofthiwe. Izinzwa ze-Photodetector zivame ukukala inani lokukhanya kwelanga ukuze zisebenze izibani; izinzwa zokunyakaza zisebenza iminyango; izinzwa zomsindo zikhomba imisindo ethile yezwi ukuze ziqalise umbuzo ku-inthanethi.
Umkhuba wamanje ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zezinzwa ze-semiconductor ukudala izinhlelo ezikwazi ukubona, ukuhlola nokuphendula ezimweni eziningi ngasikhathi sinye. Izimoto ezintsha zisebenzisa inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene yezinzwa ezibonakalayo nezokuthola ububanzi ukuze zizigcine zisemgwaqweni futhi zigweme ukushayisana. Ama-drone asemoyeni athembele kusethi yezinzwa eziqondisa indlela, indawo, umfutho womoya, kanye nezokuthola ububanzi ukuze zihambe ngokuphephile.
Izimiso zesayensi ezisetshenziswe kuleyo thermometer yokuqala yengilazi eyakhiwe eminyakeni ecishe ibe ngu-400 eyedlule zaziwa iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili. Abantu bebelokhu benesithakazelo ezimweni zemvelo zabo.
Enkathini yanamuhla, abakhiqizi be-semiconductor bebelokhu bedala, bephelelisa, futhi befunda ukusebenzisa izinhlobo eziningi zezinzwa ezingalinganisa izici ezifana nokushisa nomswakama, futhi hhayi nje kuphela ukubona nokukala ukuba khona kwamagesi kanye nezinhlayiya, kodwa futhi nokubona ama-specific volatile organic compounds (VOC).
Lezi zinzwa nazo ziyahlanganiswa ngezindlela ezintsha. Njengoba siqoqa idatha ekhombisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yomoya ingaba nemiphumela ebaluleke kakhulu kunalokho obekucatshangwa ngaphambilini, ikhono lokuqapha izindawo esizenzela zona, ikakhulukazi izakhiwo zamahhovisi, amafektri, kanye namakhampasi amakhulu. Singahlinzeka ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimpawu ze-sensor, wamukelekile ukubonisana.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-13-2024