Yini Abahloli be-Pocket PH?
Abahloli be-pH ephaketheni bangamadivayisi amancane aphathekayo aletha ulwazi kumsebenzisi ngokunemba, kalula nangokungabizi. Lawa madivayisi aklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezimweni ezahlukene futhi azohlola i-alkalinity (pH) kanye ne-asidi yamasampula ahlukahlukene. Athandwa kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwamasampula ekhwalithi yamanzi ngoba angena kahle ephaketheni ukuze kube lula ukuwathola nokusebenzisa.
Njengoba kunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezahlukene ezikhiqiza izinhlobo eziningi zamasampula, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni lomhloli wamanzi we-pH oluzokhiqiza imiphumela emihle kakhulu yezidingo zakho zokuhlola isampula. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zabahloli emakethe ezinikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zobuchwepheshe ukufeza izidingo zomthengi. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zabahloli bamanzi be-pH ezifanele ukuhlola ikhwalithi yamanzi: umhloli olahlwayo we-electrode eyodwa, i-electrode eyodwa ethathelwa indawo kanye ne-electrode ethathelwa indawo ye-double-junction. Ukukhetha imitha ye-pH yamanzi kuzoncika kakhulu kusampula ehlolwayo, i-cadence yokuhlolwa kanye nokunemba okudingekayo.
Amanani e-pH
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi ukuhlolwa kwe-pH. I-pH yamanzi ikhombisa ibhalansi phakathi kwama-ion e-hydrogen, angama-acidic, nama-ion e-hydroxide, ayisisekelo. Ibhalansi ephelele yalokhu okubili ikwi-pH engu-7. Inani le-pH elingu-7 alikhethi. Njengoba inani lincipha, into ibekwa njenge-acidic eningi; njengoba ikhula, iba yi-alkaline eningi. Amanani asukela ku-0 (i-acidic ngokuphelele, njenge-asidi yebhethri) kuya ku-14 (i-alkaline ephelele, isibonelo, isihlanzi se-drain). Amanzi ompompi ngokuvamile acishe abe yi-pH engu-7, kuyilapho amanzi angokwemvelo ngokuvamile ebangeni lamayunithi e-pH angu-6 kuya kwangu-8. Izicelo ezidinga ukulinganisa amazinga e-pH zitholakala cishe kuyo yonke imboni kanye nemindeni. Ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya, njengokulinganisa amazinga e-pH e-aquarium yezinhlanzi, kuhlukile ekulinganiseni izinga le-pH lamanzi esitshalweni sokwelapha amanzi.
Ngaphambi kokukhetha umhloli wephakethe, kubalulekile ukwazi kabanzi nge-electrode. Yingxenye yomhloli wephakethe ecwiliswa esampula ukuze kuthathwe isilinganiso se-pH. Ngaphakathi kwe-electrode kukhona i-electrolyte (uketshezi noma ijeli). Indawo yokuhlangana kwe-electrode yindawo enezimbobo phakathi kwe-electrolyte ku-electrode nesampula yakho. Ngokuyisisekelo, i-electrolyte kumele iphume iphume esampula ukuze i-electrode isebenze ukuze kutholakale imiphumela enembile. Zonke lezi zingxenye ezincane zisebenza ndawonye ngaphakathi kwe-electrode ukuze kulinganiswe i-pH ngokunembile.
I-electrode yonakala kancane kancane ngoba i-electrolyte isetshenziswa njalo lapho kuthathwa izilinganiso futhi ifakwa ubuthi ngama-ion noma ama-compound angcolisayo. Ama-ion afaka ubuthi ku-electrolyte yizinsimbi, ama-phosphate, ama-sulfate, ama-nitrate namaprotheni. Uma indawo inobungozi kakhulu, kulapho umthelela omkhulu ku-electrode. Izindawo ezinobungozi ezinamazinga aphezulu ama-ion angcolisayo, njengezindawo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile, zingasheshisa ubuthi be-electrolyte. Le nqubo ingenzeka ngokushesha ngabahloli bezinga lokuqala abashibhile. Phakathi namasonto ambalwa, amamitha angaba mancane futhi aguquguquke. Imitha ye-pH ephaketheni esezingeni eliphezulu izofakelwa i-electrode ethembekile enikeza ukufundwa okuzinzile nokunembile njalo. Ukugcina i-electrode ihlanzekile futhi imanzi nakho kubalulekile ekusebenzeni komhloli wephakethe kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Abahloli be-pH abalahlwayo be-Single-Junction
Kubasebenzisi abahlola i-pH ngezikhathi ezithile abanemfuneko yesampula yamanzi evamile ye-pH, ubuchwepheshe obulula obusebenzisa i-electrode ehlanganayo eyodwa buzohlinzeka ngamandla amaningi nokunemba. I-electrode ehlanganayo eyodwa inokuphila okufushane kune-electrode ehlanganayo kabili futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kwe-pH yendawo kanye nokushisa ngezikhathi ezithile. Inzwa ehlanganayo eyodwa engashintshwa inokunemba kwe-pH okungu-+0.1. Lena inketho engabizi futhi ivame ukuthengwa ngumsebenzisi wokugcina ongenabuchwepheshe. Uma umhloli engasanikezi ukufundwa okunembile, vele uyilahle bese uthenga enye i-pocket tester. Abahloli abalahlayo abahlanganayo eyodwa bavame ukusetshenziswa kuma-hydroponics, ezolimo zasemanzini, emanzini aphuzwayo, kuma-aquarium, echibini nasezindaweni zokuphuza, ezimakethe zemfundo, nasezindaweni zokulima.
Abahloli be-pH be-Electrode Engashintshwa Ye-Single-Junction
Isinyathelo esingaphezulu kwesivivinyo esilahlwayo se-single-junction yi-single-junction pocket tester engashintshwa, engafinyelela ukunemba okungcono kwe-+0.01 pH. Lesi sivivinyo sifanelekela izinqubo eziningi zokuhlola ze-ASTM Intl. kanye ne-US EPA. Inzwa ingashintshwa, igcina iyunithi, ngakho ingasetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ukufaka esikhundleni senzwa kuyindlela yomsebenzisi ovamile osebenzisa njalo isivivinyo. Uma iyunithi isetshenziswa njalo futhi amasampula enezinga eliphezulu lama-ion anobuthi ku-electrolyte ku-electrode, kungaba ngcono kakhulu ukuthuthela ezingeni elilandelayo labahloli ngobuchwepheshe bama-electrode ahlangana kabili.
Abahloli be-pH be-Electrode Engashintshwa Ngama-Double-Junction
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlangana kabili buhlinzeka ngendlela ende yokufuduka kwezinto ezingcolisayo, okubambezela umonakalo owonakalisa i-electrode ye-pH, okuthuthukisa futhi kwandise impilo yeyunithi. Ngaphambi kokuba ukungcola kufike ku-electrode, kumele kusabalale hhayi ngokuhlangana okukodwa, kodwa ngokuhlangana okubili. Abahloli be-double-junction bangabahloli abasebenza kanzima, abasezingeni eliphezulu abamelana nezimo ezinzima kakhulu namasampula. Bangasetshenziswa namanzi angcolile, izixazululo eziqukethe ama-sulfide, izinsimbi ezisindayo kanye nama-Tris buffers. Kumakhasimende adinga ukuphinda njalo ukuhlolwa kwawo kwe-pH, eveza izinzwa ezintweni ezinamandla kakhulu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umhloli we-double-junction ukuze kwandiswe impilo ye-electrode futhi kuqinisekiswe ukunemba, futhi. Ngokusetshenziswa ngakunye, ukufundwa kuzokhukhuleka futhi kube yinto engathembeki kangako. Umklamo we-double-junction uqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu kanye nobuchwepheshe busetshenziswa ukukala amazinga e-pH ngokunemba okuphezulu okungu-+0.01 pH.
Ukulinganisa kubalulekile ukuze kube nokunemba. Akuvamile ukuthi imitha ye-pH isuke ezilungiselelweni zayo ezilinganisiwe. Uma isikwenzile lokho, imiphumela enganembile ingase ibe khona. Kubalulekile ukulinganisa abahloli ukuze kutholakale izilinganiso ezinembile. Amanye amamitha ephaketheni le-pH anokuqashelwa kwe-buffer okuzenzakalelayo, okwenza ukulinganisa kube lula futhi kusheshe. Amamodeli amaningi ashibhile adinga ukulinganisa okuvamile ukuqinisekisa izilinganiso ezinembile. Ukulinganisa kwabahloli be-pH kufanele kwenziwe njalo, kunconywe nsuku zonke noma okungenani kanye ngesonto. Linganisa amaphuzu afinyelela kwantathu usebenzisa amazinga ase-US noma e-National Institute of Standards and Technology buffer.
Abahloli be-pocket bebelokhu bethambekele ekuhlolweni kwamanzi eminyakeni embalwa edlule, njengoba bebancane, bephatheka kalula, benembile futhi bangakhiqiza ukufundwa ngemizuzwana embalwa ngokucindezela inkinobho. Njengoba imakethe yabahloli iqhubeka nokufuna ukuvela, abakhiqizi bangeze izici ezifana nezindlu ezingangeni manzi nezingenathuli ukuvikela abahloli ezindaweni ezimanzi kanye nokuphathwa kabi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibonisi ezinkulu, ezi-ergonomic zenza ukufunda kube lula. Isinxephezelo sokushisa okuzenzakalelayo, isici esivame ukugcinelwa amamitha aphathwayo kanye nama-benchtop, naso sengezwe kumamodeli wakamuva. Amanye amamodeli ayakwazi ngisho nokulinganisa nokubonisa izinga lokushisa langempela. Abahloli abathuthukile bazoba nezinkomba zokuzinza, ukulinganisa kanye nebhethri esibukweni futhi bacime ngokuzenzakalela ukuze kulondolozwe impilo yebhethri. Ukukhetha umhloli we-pocket ofanele wohlelo lwakho lokusebenza kuzokunikeza ukusetshenziswa okuthembekile nokunembile njalo.
Singaphinde sinikeze izinzwa zekhwalithi yamanzi ezilinganisa amanye amapharamitha ahlukene ukuze ubhekisele kuwo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-12-2024