Njengoba isidingo somhlaba wonke samandla avuselelekayo siqhubeka nokukhula, uhulumeni waseRussia umemezele uhlelo olubalulekile lokufaka inethiwekhi yezinzwa zemisebe yelanga ethuthukisiwe ezweni lonke ukuze kuhlolwe kangcono izinsiza zamandla elanga futhi kukhuthazwe ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Lesi sinyathelo asigcini nje ngokubonisa intuthuko enkulu emkhakheni wamandla avuselelekayo eRussia, kodwa futhi sibonisa ukuzibophezela okuqinile kwezwe ekuvikelweni kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko esimeme.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nokuguquka kwamandla kuye kwaba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke amazwe. Naphezu kwemithombo eminingi yamandla asetshenziswa eRussia, uhulumeni uyaqaphela nokubaluleka kokuthuthukisa imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo. Njengohlobo lwamandla oluhlanzekile noluvuselelekayo, amandla elanga anamandla amakhulu entuthuko. Ukuze kusetshenziswe kangcono imithombo yamandla elanga, uhulumeni waseRussia unqume ukufaka inethiwekhi yezinzwa zemisebe yelanga ezweni lonke ukuze kutholakale idatha yelanga enembile futhi kusekelwe ekuhleleni nasekuqalisweni kwamaphrojekthi elanga.
Inzwa yemisebe yelanga iyithuluzi elingalinganisa ubukhali bemisebe yelanga. Lezi zinzwa zingaqapha ubukhali, i-Engela kanye nobude bemisebe yelanga ngesikhathi sangempela futhi zidlulisele idatha kusizindalwazi esiphakathi kanye nesikhungo sokuhlaziya. Ngalezi zinzwa, ohulumeni kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo bangathola amamephu anemininingwane yokusatshalaliswa kwezinsiza zamandla elanga futhi baqonde ukutholakala kanye nokwehluka kwamandla elanga ezifundeni ezahlukene.
IPhini likaNgqongqoshe Wezamandla waseRussia uSergei Sokolov uthe: “Izinzwa zokukhanya kwelanga zisinikeza indlela yesayensi yokuhlola nokusebenzisa izinsiza zamandla elanga. Ngalezi zinzwa, singaqonda ngokunembile amandla elanga esifunda ngasinye, ukuze sikwazi ukuthuthukisa amasu asebenza kahle kakhulu okuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo.”
Uhulumeni waseRussia uhlela ukufaka izinzwa zokukhanya kwelanga ezingaphezu kuka-5,000 ezweni lonke eminyakeni emibili ezayo. Lezi zinzwa zizosetshenziswa ezitshalweni zamandla elanga, eziteshini zezulu, ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, ezindaweni zezolimo, nakwezinye izindawo ezibalulekile. Izinhlelo ezithile zokuqalisa zifaka:
1. Isikhungo sikagesi welanga:
Kufakwe izinzwa zemisebe yelanga ezinembile kakhulu kuzo zonke izikhungo zamandla elanga nakuzo zonke izindawo ezizungezile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle okukhulu kokukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga.
2. Iziteshi zesimo sezulu kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo:
Faka izinzwa eziteshini ezinkulu zezulu kanye nasezikhungweni zocwaningo lwamandla avuselelekayo ukuze uqoqe futhi uhlaziye idatha yelanga ukuze usekele ucwaningo lwesayensi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwenqubomgomo.
3. Izindawo zasemadolobheni nezolimo:
Faka izinzwa ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nasezindaweni zezolimo ukuze uhlole ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga emadolobheni kanye namaphrojekthi e-PV ezolimo.
4. Izindawo ezikude kanye nezindawo ezisemngceleni:
Faka izinzwa ezindaweni ezikude kanye nemingcele ukuze kuhlolwe izinsiza zelanga kulezi zindawo futhi kusekelwe ukuqaliswa kwamaphrojekthi elanga angaphandle kwegridi.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwezinzwa zemisebe yelanga, uhulumeni waseRussia uthuthukise ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa obuthuthukisiwe kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlaziya idatha ngokubambisana nezinkampani eziningi zobuchwepheshe bamazwe ngamazwe. Lezi zinzwa azikwazi nje ukuqapha ubukhali bemisebe yelanga ngesikhathi sangempela, kodwa futhi zibikezela umkhuba wokushintsha kwezinsiza zelanga esikhathini esizayo ngokusebenzisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlaziya idatha enkulu, futhi zinikeze ukwesekwa kwezinqumo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iRussia ibambisana namazwe angomakhelwane nezinhlangano zomhlaba wonke ukuze babelane ngedatha yelanga futhi basungule izindlela zokubambisana kwamandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni wonke. USergei Sokolov uthe: “Amandla elanga ayinsiza yomhlaba wonke edinga imizamo ehlangene yawo wonke amazwe. Sithemba ukukhuthaza ngokubambisana ukuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bamandla elanga ngokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe.”
Uhulumeni waseRussia ubheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekufakweni kwezinzwa zemisebe yelanga futhi unikeza uxhaso olwanele kanye nokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Uhulumeni uhlela futhi ukuqalisa imikhankaso yokufundisa umphakathi ukuze kwandiswe ukuqwashisa umphakathi kanye nokwamukelwa kwamandla elanga.
Kwenye indawo yaseMoscow, izakhamuzi zamukele lesi sinyathelo sikahulumeni. Isakhamuzi u-Anna Petrova uthe: “Siyawasekela kakhulu amaphrojekthi elanga. Izinzwa zokukhanya kwelanga zisivumele ukuthi sifunde kabanzi ngamandla elanga kanye nokubona ikusasa lamandla avuselelekayo.”
Nakuba ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi yezinzwa zemisebe yelanga kuletha izinzuzo eziningi, kuphinde kubhekane nezinselele ezithile enqubweni yokuqaliswa. Isibonelo, ukugcinwa nokulinganiswa kwezinzwa kudinga ochwepheshe abangochwepheshe, kanti ukuphepha nobumfihlo bedatha nakho kudinga ukuqinisekiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela yokusebenzisa idatha yezinzwa ngempumelelo ukukhuthaza ukuqaliswa nokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi wamandla elanga nakho kuyisihloko esibalulekile.
Kodwa-ke, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthuka kancane kancane kokuphathwa, inethiwekhi yezinzwa zemisebe yelanga inokusetshenziswa okubanzi eRussia. Esikhathini esizayo, iRussia ihlela ukuhlanganisa inethiwekhi yezinzwa zemisebe yelanga nezinye izindlela zobuchwepheshe njengokubikezela isimo sezulu kanye nokuqapha i-satellite ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga elihlakaniphile lokuhlolwa kwemithombo yelanga.
Ukufakwa kwezinzwa zemisebe yelanga nguhulumeni waseRussia kuphawula isinyathelo esibalulekile emkhakheni wamandla avuselelekayo wezwe. Ngalobu buchwepheshe, iRussia izokwazi ukuhlola nokusebenzisa izinsiza zamandla elanga ngokwesayensi, ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, futhi ifake isandla ekuvikelweni kwemvelo emhlabeni jikelele kanye nentuthuko esimeme.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-09-2025