Uma ubona umlimi omdala ehlala phansi eceleni komngcele wensimu, ebamba inhlabathi encane ayicindezele, elahlekile engqondweni – uhumusha ikhodi endala kakhulu yomhlaba: umswakama wenhlabathi. Namuhla, i-probe yensimbi efakwe enhlabathini iqhuba ingxoxo efanayo noma ejulile ngendlela yedijithali. Lena inzwa yokushisa kwenhlabathi yezolimo, umswakama kanye nokuqhuba kukagesi (EC), "i-soutground scout" yezolimo ezihlakaniphile.
Akuyona nje "induku yensimbi efakwe enhlabathini": Kuyini lokho?
Lokhu kuvame ukuba yiprobe encane efana nenduku equkethe izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi eziqondile. Ingalinganisa ngasikhathi sinye, ngokuqhubekayo nangaphakathi endaweni izinkomba ezintathu zokuphila eziyinhloko zenhlabathi yengqimba yezimpande:
Izinga Lokushisa: “Ukushisa Okubandayo Nokushisa” Kwenhlabathi
Okuqukethwe kwamanzi amaningi: “Izinga lokoma” kwenhlabathi
Ukuqhuba kukagesi (EC): “Ukugcwala kukasawoti wezakhamzimba” enhlabathini
Isebenzisa izimiso ezifana ne-time-domain reflectometry (TDR) noma i-frequency-domain reflectometry (FDR) ukuze ibone umswakama kanye nosawoti ngendlela engonakalisi ngokusebenzisa izici zokusabalala kwamagagasi kagesi ezindaweni zomhlabathi. Idatha idluliselwa ngesikhathi sangempela epulatifomu yokuphatha ngezindlela ezixhunywe ngocingo noma ezingenantambo, idweba "imephu yokuphila engaphansi komhlaba" engabonakali.
Ukuchaza "Ulimi Lwezolimo" Lwezici Ezintathu Eziyinhloko
Izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi: Isibhamu sokuqala sokuphila
Kungaphezu kakhulu kwenombolo eyodwa. Izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi elizinzile elingamasentimitha angu-5 ukujula lidlula ku-12℃ liyisibonakaliso esinembile sokuhlwanyela ummbila. Uhlelo lwezimpande zama-strawberry lusebenza kakhulu ku-15-22℃. Idatha yokushisa komhlabathi wasebusika ingabikezela izinga lokusinda kwezinambuzane ezingaphansi komhlaba ebusika. Ilawula izinga lokuhluma kwembewu, umsebenzi wamagciwane kanye nokubola kwezakhamzimba, futhi isebenza njengesikali esinembile sekhalenda yezolimo.
2. Umswakama Womhlabathi: “Ibhalansi” Phakathi Kokusebenza Kahle Nokuphikisana
Ezindaweni zokunisela ngamaconsi kwa-Israyeli, izinzwa ziguqula idatha yamanzi ibe yimiyalelo yokunisela. Lapho okuqukethwe umswakama kwengqimba yezimpande eyinhloko ephakathi kwamasentimitha angu-20 no-40 kwehla ngaphansi komkhawulo obekiwe, uhlelo lugcwalisa amanzi ngokuzenzakalelayo kuze kube sebangeni elifanele. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokusindisa amanzi angaphezu kuka-30%, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, kuqeda impikiswano yendabuko yokuthi “untshontsha amanzi ami” – idatha iba yindlela yodwa yokufaneleka kanye nesayensi.
3. Ukuhanjiswa kukagesi wenhlabathi (EC): Imephu yezakhamzimba engabonakali
Inani le-EC lingabonisa ngokungaqondile inani eliphelele lama-ion kasawoti ancibilikayo esixazululweni senhlabathi. Uma liphezulu kakhulu, kusho ukuthi kukhona ingozi yokufakwa kukasawoti futhi "kuzoshisa izimpande". Uma liphansi kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yokunganeli kwezakhamzimba. Emapulazini amakhulu eHeilongjiang, imephu yokusatshalaliswa kukasawoti yamasimu adwetshwe yizinzwa ze-EC iqondisa ngqo indlela yokufaka umanyolo oguquguqukayo: kusetshenziswa umanyolo omncane we-potassium ezindaweni ezine-EC ephezulu, futhi kunikezwa ukwengezwa okunembile ezindaweni ezine-EC ephansi, kufezwa umgomo wokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa komanyolo ngenkathi kwandiswa ukusebenza kahle.
Inani lokubambisana: 1+1+1>3
Uma idatha yalaba abathathu ihlanganiswa, kukhiqizwa ukuqonda okusha:
Ukulindela izifo: Umswakama ophezulu oqhubekayo kanye nokushisa okufanele kwenza kube yindawo yokuzalela izifo zezimpande. Uhlelo lungakhipha izixwayiso kusenesikhathi.
Ukuthuthukisa umanyolo: Ukwazi isimo somswakama wenhlabathi kuphela lapho umuntu anganquma khona ukuthi kufanele afake umanyolo nini - ukufaka umanyolo uma kunamanzi amancane kuyashisa, kanti ukufaka umanyolo uma kunamanzi amaningi kuwukulahlekelwa.
Ukubhekana nokucindezeleka: Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu + umswakama ophansi = Ukucindezeleka kokushisa kwesitshalo; Izinga lokushisa eliphansi + umswakama ophezulu = ingozi yokuminyana kwezimpande. Inhlanganisela yenzwa ingakhipha i-alamu ngokushesha okukhulu.
Izimo ezisebenzayo: Kusukela Ekuqondeni Okunembile Kuya Ekuhlakanipheni
Ku-greenhouse: Uhlelo lokulawula imvelo oluxhunywe yi-sensor. Uma ithola ukuthi izinga lokushisa lasebusuku liphansi kakhulu futhi umswakama uphakeme kakhulu, izoqala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukufudumala nokususa umswakama ukuze kuvinjelwe i-downy mildew futhi kugwenywe ukuchithwa kwamandla ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Emasimini asezingeni eliphezulu: Inethiwekhi ye-probe ikhiqiza amamephu ephrofayili yenhlabathi aguquguqukayo. Lapho kuniselwa, ukujula kwamanzi angena khona “ngangaphambili” kungabonakala ngokucacile, okuqinisekisa ukunisela kahle ngaphandle kokuvuza okujulile.
Emapulazini emvelo: idatha ye-EC isiza ukuqapha ukugcotshwa kwe-wax yemvelo kanye namaphethini okuncipha kokuvunda kwenhlabathi, iqondisa ukutshalwa kwezitshalo ezimboza kanye nesikhathi sokusetshenziswa komanyolo wemvelo, futhi ifinyelela ukuphathwa okunembile kwemijikelezo yemvelo.
Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe kanye nezinselele zesikhathi esizayo
Izinzwa zanamuhla ziya ngokuya zihlakanipha, ziqinile futhi zinezici eziningi:
Ukwenziwa kwe-Node AI: Bala ngqo inkomba yesidingo samanzi emaphethelweni, unikeze impendulo esheshayo.
Ukusungula izinto ezintsha: Imelana kakhulu nosawoti kanye nokugqwala kwe-alkali, ifanele ukungcwatshwa isikhathi eside.
Ukuhlanganiswa okusebenzayo: Ezinye izinzwa ezisezingeni eliphezulu zinenani le-pH elihlanganisiwe noma imisebenzi yokutholwa ekhethiwe yama-ion e-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium, okuguqukela ekubeni “ilabhorethri engaphansi komhlaba wonke”.
Kodwa-ke, kusenezinselele: Ungafinyelela kanjani izinga elifanayo lokuthembeka ngentengo ephansi? Singakwenza kanjani ukuhumusha idatha kube “lula ukuyisebenzisa” futhi sikuguqule ngqo kube umyalo olula njengokuthi “Amanzi amahora ama-2 kusasa ekuseni”?
Isiphetho
Izinzwa zomhlabathi, “abahumushi besistimu yezimpande” abathule, baguqula “imizwa” ephithizelayo ibe “idatha” ecacile, beletha ukuphathwa kwensimu okuhlangene enkathini “yokunakekelwa kwendawo yezimpande” komuntu siqu. Kwasenza saqaphela okokuqala ukuthi indawo encane engaphansi kwawo wonke amasentimitha omhlaba ihlukile futhi iyashintshashintsha.
Akukashintshi umongo wokukhula kwezitshalo, kodwa kushintshe ngokuphelele indlela esiqonda futhi sisekela ngayo lokhu kukhula. Esikhathini esizayo lapho imikhawulo yezinsizakusebenza incipha khona, ukuqonda "ukuhleka" komhlaba kungaba yisinyathelo esibalulekile kithi sokwenza isivumelwano esisha nemvelo.
Ukucabanga okude: Lapho izinzwa zisitshela izidingo ezithile zesitshalo ngasinye, ingabe ezolimo zizoshintsha ngokuphelele kusukela "ekuphathweni kwesiqephu" ziye "ekuphathweni kwezitshalo"? Ingabe sikulungele ukwamukela isimiso esisha sokulima esinobunono kodwa esisekelwe kudatha?
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-29-2025