Izidingo Zokuqapha Amanzi ePhilippines kanye Nezinzuzo Zobuchwepheshe Be-Radar
Njengesizwe esihlala ezindaweni eziseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia esineziqhingi ezingaphezu kuka-7,000, iPhilippines inezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinemifula eminingi futhi ibhekene nezinsongo eziqhubekayo ezivela ezivunguvungwini naseziphephweni zemvula ezibangela izikhukhula. Ngokusho kwedatha yeBhange Lomhlaba, ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho minyaka yonke okuvela ezikhukhuleni ePhilippines kufinyelela amakhulu ezigidi zamaRandi aseMelika, okwenza ukuqapha amazinga amanzi ngendlela efanele kube yingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu kazwelonke yokuvimbela nokunciphisa izinhlekelele.
Ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa zezinga le-radar, kanye nekhono labo lokulinganisa ngaphandle kokuthintana, sebuyisixazululo esifanele sezinselele zokuqapha amanzi zasePhilippines. Ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zokujikeleza kwamagagasi kagesi, lobu buchwepheshe bunikeza izinzuzo ezintathu eziyinhloko: 1) ukulinganisa okunembile okuphezulu kwezinga lamamilimitha; 2) ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqinile kwemvelo okulungele isimo sezulu sasePhilippines esishisayo sokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomswakama; kanye 3) izidingo zokulungisa eziphansi, okunciphisa kakhulu imvamisa yokugcinwa kwemishini ezindaweni ezikude.
Ngobuchwepheshe, izinzwa zezinga le-radar ezisetshenziswa ePhilippines zisebenza kakhulu kuma-frequency band amabili: i-K-band (24GHz) kanye ne-high-frequency 80GHz. I-K-band radar inikeza izinzuzo zezindleko ezifanele ukuthunyelwa ngezinga elikhulu, kuyilapho i-80GHz radar isebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Izicelo Zokuqapha Izinga Le-Radar Ezinhlelweni Zokuxwayisa Ngezikhukhula
Inethiwekhi kazwelonke yokuxwayisa ngezikhukhula yasePhilippines isebenzisa izinhlelo zokuqapha amazinga e-radar njengezingxenye eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe. Kuphrojekthi enkulu ka-2019, uhulumeni wasePhilippines wasebenzisa inethiwekhi yokuqapha amazinga amanzi esekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa umsakazo kuzo zonke izigodi ezinkulu zemifula eziyi-18. Lolu hlelo lubonisa izinzuzo ezibalulekile ezindaweni ezinezintaba nasezimweni zesiphepho: ukungena kwamagagasi omsakazo okunamandla okungathinteki umonakalo wengqalasizinda yokuxhumana; ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kakhulu okuvumela ukusebenza isikhathi eside ngamandla elanga kuphela. Idatha yokusebenza ikhombisa ukuthi uhlelo lufinyelela ukuzinza kokudlulisa idatha okungu-99.7%.
Esinye isisombululo esiphumelelayo sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-radar ye-K-band planar ekwazi ukulinganisa izinga lamanzi ngasikhathi sinye, ijubane lokugeleza kobuso, kanye nokubala ukukhishwa. Leli khono lokuqapha elisebenza ngezindlela eziningi liba usizo kakhulu ezixwayisweni zezikhukhula. Izinzwa ze-radar zesistimu zinebanga elikhulu lokulinganisa elingamamitha angu-30-70 ngokunemba kwezinga lamamilimitha, futhi ukulinganisa okungathintani kugwema izinkinga zezinzwa zendabuko ezonakaliswa noma ezivalwe ngamanzi ezikhukhula.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council kubika ukuthi ngemva kokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuqapha amazinga e-radar, isikhathi sokuhola sesexwayiso sezikhukhula sikhuphuke sisuka emahoreni ama-2 kuya kwayi-6, kanti ukusebenza kahle kokuphuma kanye namazinga okuvikela impahla akhuphuka ngo-35% kanye no-28% ngokulandelana.
Ukuqapha Izinga Le-Radar Ekuhlanzweni Kwamanzi Angcolile Emadolobheni Nokuhlanzwa Kwamanzi Angcolile
Ohlelweni lokuqapha ukugeleza kwamanzi emadolobheni eMetro Manila, amageyiji e-radar angu-80GHz FMCW abonisa ukusebenza okuvelele. Aklanyelwe ngqo izindawo zasemadolobheni eziyinkimbinkimbi, la madivayisi afaka: isakhiwo esincane esifanele ukufakwa emapayipini amancane okugeleza amanzi kanye nemithombo yokuhlola; isilinganiso sokuvikelwa okuphezulu esiqinisekisa ukusebenza ngesikhathi semvula enkulu kanye nezikhukhula; kanye namamojula angenantambo avumela ukucushwa kochwepheshe abakude. Idatha yasensimini ikhombisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ukungena ezimweni zamapayipi okugeleza amanzi emadolobheni avamile njengomusi, igwebu, kanye nezinto eziqinile ezilengisiwe, okugcina ukunemba kokulinganisa ngaphakathi kwe-±3mm.
Ezinhlelweni zokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka, amageji e-radar e-FMCW avame kakhulu asebenza kahle ekuqapheni ithangi lokuthuthwa kwendle. Umklamo womsebe ogxilile unciphisa ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka kokusabalala kwesignali okuvela ezintweni eziqinile ezilengisiwe; ama-engeli amancane kakhulu omsebe avimbela izimpawu zamanga ezivela ekukhanyeni kodonga lwethangi; kanye nemiphumela ejwayelekile yesignali ihambisana ngqo namaphampu okususa udaka ukuze kulawulwe ngokuzenzakalela. Idatha yokusebenza ikhombisa ukuthi amageji e-radar athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kodaka ngo-20% ngenkathi ekhiqiza ukonga okukhulu konyaka ezindlekweni zomsebenzi wokulungisa.
Izifundo Zezimo Zokulinganisa Izinga Lerada Yezimboni
Emapulazini ethangi lokugcina uwoyela, amageji e-radar yamagagasi aqondiswayo ahlinzeka ngezixazululo ezibalulekile zokuqapha uketshezi oluyingozi. Ane-antenna egxilile efakwe emapayipini amafushane ukuze kugwenywe ukuphazamiseka kwe-echo yodonga lwethangi, lawa madivayisi afinyelela ukunemba kokulinganisa izinga lokudluliselwa kokuhweba. Umklamo wawo ophephile ngokwangaphakathi uhlangabezana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke zokuvikela ukuqhuma, ngobuchwepheshe bokuzihlola obuhlola njalo isimo semishini ukuze kuthuthukiswe kakhulu ukuphepha kokusebenza. Imibiko ikhombisa ukuthi amageji e-radar anciphisa kakhulu izingxabano zokulinganisa futhi akhiqize izinzuzo ezinkulu zomnotho ngokuphathwa kwempahla okunembile.
Embonini yamakhemikhali, amageji e-radar e-FMCW asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu axazulula ngempumelelo izinselele zokulinganisa uketshezi olubola kakhulu nolushintshashintshayo. Akhiwe ngezinto ezingamelani nokugqwala, amasignali awo asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu anikeza ukungena okunamandla ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka komusi, kuyilapho isinqumo esiphezulu kakhulu sibamba izinguquko zezinga elincane. Idatha yokuhlanganiswa kwezitshalo ikhombisa ukuthi amageji e-radar athuthukisa kakhulu ukuzinza kokulawula izinga lethangi futhi asuse ukuphazamiseka kokukhiqiza okuvela emaphutheni okulinganisa.
Izicelo Zokuqapha Izinga Lamanzi Ekuniseleni Kwezolimo Nasemanzini
Esimisweni esikhulu sokunisela saseNorth Luzon, amageyiji amanzi e-radar angathintani aqapha ama-key node emiseleni emikhulu. Ngokusebenzisa imvamisa ye-K-band enama-angles amancane okukhanya ukuze kugwenywe ukubonakaliswa kwe-embankment, ukuvikelwa kwe-IP68 ezindaweni ezingaphandle ezinzima, kanye namandla elanga ezindaweni ezikude, igunya lokunisela libika ukunemba kokusatshalaliswa kwamanzi okungu-95% kanye nokwenyuka okumaphakathi okungu-15% kwesivuno serayisi.
Esimisweni sokuthunyelwa kwedamu lesitshalo esikhulu sikagesi, amageyiji amanzi e-radar angu-80GHz aqapha amazinga e-forebay yedamu ngebanga lamamitha angu-40 kanye nokunemba okungu-±2mm, edlulisela idatha yesikhathi sangempela ngamasignali angu-4-20mA ezinhlelweni zokulawula izitshalo. Amarekhodi okusebenza abonisa ukuthi amageyiji e-radar asiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kukagesi ngo-8% ngenkathi eqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezikhukhula ezansi komfula.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-17-2025