Uprofesa we-Polytechnic uhlose ukusebenzisa idatha yesiteshi sezulu ukuze abikezele ukutholakala kwamandla elanga

Idatha yesimo sezulu sekuyisikhathi eside isiza ababikezeli ukuthi babikezele amafu, imvula neziphepho. U-Lisa Bozeman we-Purdue Polytechnic Institute ufuna ukushintsha lokhu ukuze abanikazi bezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nelanga bakwazi ukubikezela ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga kuzovela nini futhi kuphi futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga.
“Akukona nje ukuthi isibhakabhaka siluhlaza kangakanani,” kusho uBoseman, umsizi kaprofesa owamtholela iPh.D. kubunjiniyela bezimboni. “Kumayelana nokunquma ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kukagesi.”
U-Bozeman ucwaninga ukuthi idatha yesimo sezulu ingahlanganiswa kanjani namanye amasethi edatha atholakala esidlangalaleni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusabela nokusebenza kahle kwegridi kazwelonke ngokubikezela ngokunembe kakhudlwana ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga. Izinkampani zezinsiza zivame ukubhekana nenselele yokuhlangabezana nesidingo ngesikhathi sasehlobo esishisayo nobusika obushubisa umnkantsha.
"Okwamanje, amamodeli alinganiselwe wokubikezela kwelanga kanye nokwenza kahle ayatholakala ezinsizeni mayelana nomthelela wansuku zonke wamandla elanga kugridi," kusho uBozeman. "Ngokunquma indlela yokusebenzisa idatha ekhona ukuze sihlole ukukhiqizwa kwelanga, sithemba ukusiza igridi. Abenzi bezinqumo zabaphathi bayakwazi kangcono ukuphatha izimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu kanye neziqongo nezigodi ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla."
Ama-ejensi kahulumeni, izikhumulo zezindiza nabasakazi baqapha izimo zomkhathi ngesikhathi sangempela. Ulwazi lwamanje lwesimo sezulu nalo luqoqwa ngabantu abasebenzisa amadivaysi axhumeke ku-inthanethi afakwe ezindlini zabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idatha iqoqwa amasathelayithi e-NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) kanye ne-NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). Imininingwane evela kulezi ziteshi zesimo sezulu ehlukahlukene iyahlanganiswa futhi yenziwe itholakale emphakathini.
Iqembu locwaningo lika-Bozeman lihlola izindlela zokuhlanganisa ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela nedatha yesimo sezulu yomlando evela ku-National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), ucwaningo lukazwelonke oluyinhloko loMnyango Wezamandla wase-US ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamandla avuselelekayo namandla. I-NREL ikhiqiza idathasethi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) ehlinzeka ngamavelu emisebe yelanga yehora kanye nezici zesimo sezulu zonyaka ojwayelekile. Idatha ye-TMY NREL ingasetshenziswa ukunquma izimo zezulu ezijwayelekile endaweni ethile phakathi nesikhathi eside.
Ukwakha idathasethi ye-TMY, i-NREL yathatha idatha yesiteshi sezulu kusukela eminyakeni engu-50 kuya kweyi-100 edlule, yayenza i-avareji futhi yathola inyanga eyayiseduze kakhulu nesilinganiso, kusho uBoseman. Umgomo wocwaningo ukuhlanganisa le datha nedatha yamanje evela eziteshini zesimo sezulu zendawo ezweni lonke ukubikezela izinga lokushisa kanye nokuba khona kwemisebe yelanga ezindaweni ezithile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lezo zindawo ziseduze noma zikude nemithombo yedatha yesikhathi sangempela.
"Sisebenzisa lolu lwazi, sizobala ukuphazamiseka okungenzeka kugridi kusuka kumasistimu elanga angemuva kwemitha," kusho uBozeman. "Uma singabikezela ukuphehlwa kwelanga maduze nje, singasiza izinsiza ukuthi zibone ukuthi zizoshoda noma ziningi ugesi."
Nakuba izinsiza ngokuvamile zisebenzisa inhlanganisela yamafutha ezinsalela nezinto ezivuselelekayo ukuze zikhiqize ugesi, abanye abanikazi bezindlu namabhizinisi bakhiqiza amandla elanga noma amandla omoya endaweni ngemuva kwemitha. Nakuba imithetho ye-net metering ihluka ngokwezifunda, ngokuvamile idinga izinsiza ukuze zithenge ugesi oweqile okhiqizwa amaphaneli e-photovoltaic wamakhasimende. Ngakho-ke njengoba amandla elanga engeziwe etholakala kugridi, ucwaningo luka-Bozeman lungasiza futhi izinsiza ukwehlisa ukusebenzisa kwazo amafutha ezinsalela.