Uprofesa we-polytechnic uhlose ukusebenzisa idatha yesiteshi sezulu ukubikezela ukutholakala kwamandla elanga

Idatha yesimo sezulu isize ababikezeli bezulu isikhathi eside ukubikezela amafu, imvula kanye neziphepho. ULisa Bozeman we-Purdue Polytechnic Institute ufuna ukushintsha lokhu ukuze abanikazi bezinsizakusebenza kanye nezinhlelo zelanga bakwazi ukubikezela ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga kuzovela nini futhi kuphi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kwandise ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga.
“Akukhona nje ukuthi isibhakabhaka siluhlaza kangakanani,” kusho uBoseman, uprofesa osizayo owathola iziqu zobudokotela kwezobunjiniyela bezimboni. “Kumayelana nokunquma ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kukagesi.”
UBozeman ucwaninga ukuthi idatha yesimo sezulu ingahlanganiswa kanjani neminye imininingwane etholakala emphakathini ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphendula nokusebenza kahle kwegridi kazwelonke ngokubikezela ngokunembile ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga. Izinkampani zikagesi zivame ukubhekana nenselele yokuhlangabezana nesidingo ngesikhathi sasehlobo esishisayo kanye nobusika obubandayo.
“Njengamanje, amamodeli okubikezela kwelanga kanye nokwenza ngcono atholakala ezikhungweni zezinsiza mayelana nomthelela wansuku zonke wamandla elanga kugridi,” kusho uBozeman. “Ngokunquma ukuthi singayisebenzisa kanjani idatha ekhona ukuhlola ukukhiqizwa kwelanga, sithemba ukusiza igridi. Abenzi bezinqumo zokuphatha bakwazi kangcono ukuphatha izimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu kanye neziqongo nezigodi ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla.”
Izikhungo zikahulumeni, izikhumulo zezindiza kanye nabasakazi baqapha izimo zomkhathi ngesikhathi sangempela. Ulwazi lwesimo sezulu lwamanje luqoqwa ngabantu abasebenzisa amadivayisi axhunywe kwi-inthanethi afakwe emakhaya abo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idatha iqoqwa yi-NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) kanye ne-NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). Idatha evela kulezi ziteshi zesimo sezulu ezahlukahlukene iyahlanganiswa futhi yenziwe itholakale emphakathini.
Iqembu locwaningo likaBozeman lihlola izindlela zokuhlanganisa ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela nedatha yesimo sezulu yomlando evela kwi-National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), okuyisilingo sikazwelonke esiyinhloko soMnyango Wezamandla wase-US ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla. I-NREL ikhiqiza isethi yedatha ebizwa ngokuthi i-Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) enikeza amanani emisebe yelanga yehora kanye nezakhi zesimo sezulu zonyaka ojwayelekile. Idatha ye-TMY NREL ingasetshenziswa ukunquma izimo zesimo sezulu ezijwayelekile endaweni ethile isikhathi eside.
Ukuze kudalwe isethi yedatha ye-TMY, i-NREL yathatha idatha yesiteshi sezulu eminyakeni engu-50 kuya kweyi-100 edlule, yayenza isilinganiso futhi yathola inyanga eyayiseduze kakhulu nesilinganiso, kusho uBoseman. Umgomo wocwaningo ukuhlanganisa le datha nedatha yamanje evela eziteshini zesimo sezulu sendawo ezweni lonke ukubikezela izinga lokushisa kanye nokuba khona kwemisebe yelanga ezindaweni ezithile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lezo zindawo ziseduze noma zikude nemithombo yedatha yesikhathi sangempela.
“Sisebenzisa lolu lwazi, sizobala ukuphazamiseka okungenzeka kugridi kusukela ezinhlelweni zelanga ezingemuva kwemitha,” kusho uBozeman. “Uma singabikezela ukukhiqizwa kwelanga maduze nje, singasiza izikhungo zikagesi ukuthi zinqume ukuthi zizobhekana nokushoda noma ugesi omningi.”
Nakuba izinsizakusebenza zivame ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela yamafutha asetshenziswayo kanye nezinto ezivuselelekayo ukukhiqiza ugesi, abanye abanikazi bezindlu kanye namabhizinisi bakhiqiza amandla elanga noma omoya endaweni ngemuva kwemitha. Nakuba imithetho yokulinganisa inetha ihlukahluka ngokwezifundazwe, ngokuvamile idinga izinsizakusebenza zokusebenza ukuthi zithenge ugesi owengeziwe okhiqizwa amaphaneli e-photovoltaic amakhasimende. Ngakho-ke njengoba amandla elanga engeziwe etholakala kugridi, ucwaningo lukaBozeman lungasiza izinsizakusebenza zokusebenza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwazo kwamafutha asetshenziswayo.