Ekuqaphelweni kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuqapha imvelo, kubalulekile ukuthola idatha enembile nefika ngesikhathi. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, ziya ngokwanda iziteshi zezezulu zisebenzisa izinzwa zedijithali nezinqubo zokuxhumana ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuqoqwa nokudluliswa kwedatha. Phakathi kwazo, iphrothokholi ye-SDI-12 (Serial Data Interface ku-1200 baud) isibe yisinqumo esibalulekile emkhakheni weziteshi zezulu ngenxa yobulula, ukuguquguquka nokusebenza kahle.
1. Izici zephrothokholi ye-SDI-12
I-SDI-12 iyiphrothokholi yokuxhumana ye-serial yezinzwa ezinamandla aphansi, ezifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene zokuqapha imvelo. Iphrothokholi inezici ezilandelayo eziyinhloko:
Idizayini yamandla aphansi: Iphrothokholi ye-SDI-12 ivumela izinzwa ukuthi zingene kumodi yokulala lapho zingasebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela zehlise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi ifanele amadivayisi asebenza ngebhethri.
Ukusekelwa kwe-Multi-sensor: Kufika ku-62 izinzwa zingaxhunywa ebhasini le-SDI-12, futhi idatha yenzwa ngayinye ingabonakala ngekheli eliyingqayizivele, okwenza ukwakhiwa kwesistimu kuguquguquke.
Kulula ukuhlanganisa: Ukumiswa kwephrothokholi ye-SDI-12 kuvumela izinzwa ezivela kubakhiqizi abahlukene ukuthi zisebenze ohlelweni olufanayo, futhi ukuhlanganiswa nomqoqi wedatha kulula.
Ukudluliswa kwedatha okuzinzile: I-SDI-12 idlulisela idatha ngamadijithi angu-12-bit, iqinisekisa ukunemba nokuthembeka kwedatha.
2. Ukwakhiwa kwesiteshi sezulu esiphumayo se-SDI-12
Isiteshi sesimo sezulu esisekelwe kuphrothokholi ye-SDI-12 ngokuvamile siqukethe lezi zingxenye ezilandelayo:
Inzwa: Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesiteshi sezulu, esiqoqa idatha yesimo sezulu ngokusebenzisa izinzwa ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izinzwa zokushisa, izinzwa zomswakama, isivinini somoya nezinzwa zesiqondiso, izinzwa zemvula, njll. Zonke izinzwa zisekela iphrothokholi ye-SDI-12.
Umqoqi wedatha: Unomthwalo wemfanelo wokwamukela idatha yenzwa nokuyicubungula. Umqoqi wedatha uthumela izicelo kunzwa ngayinye ngephrothokholi ye-SDI-12 futhi athole idatha ebuyisiwe.
Iyunithi yokulondoloza idatha: Idatha eqoqiwe ivamise ukugcinwa kudivayisi yendawo yokugcina, njengekhadi le-SD, noma ilayishwe kuseva yamafu ngenethiwekhi engenantambo ukuze igcinwe futhi ihlaziywe.
Imojula yokudluliswa kwedatha: Iziteshi eziningi zesimo sezulu zesimanje zifakwe amamojula okudlulisa angenantambo, njenge-GPRS, i-LoRa noma amamojula we-Wi-Fi, ukuze kube lula ukudluliswa kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela endaweni yokuqapha ekude.
Ukuphathwa kwamandla: Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwesiteshi sezulu, izixazululo zamandla avuselelekayo njengamaseli elanga namabhethri e-lithium zivame ukusetshenziswa.
3. Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza zeziteshi zesimo sezulu ze-SDI-12
Iziteshi zesimo sezulu eziphumayo ze-SDI-12 zisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi, kufaka phakathi:
Ukuqapha isimo sezulu sezolimo: Iziteshi zesimo sezulu zingahlinzeka ngedatha yesikhathi sangempela yesimo sezulu sokukhiqiza ezolimo futhi zisize abalimi ukwenza izinqumo zesayensi.
Ukuqapha indawo ezungezile: Ekuqaphelweni kwemvelo nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, iziteshi zesimo sezulu zingasiza ukuqapha ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nekhwalithi yomoya.
Ukuqapha nge-Hydrological: Iziteshi ze-Hydrological meteorological zingakwazi ukuqapha imvula kanye nomswakama wenhlabathi, zinikeze ukusekelwa kwedatha yokulawulwa kwemithombo yamanzi kanye nokuvinjelwa kwezikhukhula kanye nokunciphisa izinhlekelele.
Ucwaningo lwesimo sezulu: Izikhungo zocwaningo zisebenzisa iziteshi zesimo sezulu ze-SDI-12 ukuqoqa idatha yesikhathi eside sezulu futhi zenze ucwaningo lokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.
4. Amacala angempela
Icala 1: Isiteshi sokuqapha isimo sezulu sezolimo e-China
Endaweni yezolimo eShayina, kwakhiwe uhlelo lokuqapha isimo sezulu sezolimo kusetshenziswa i-SDI-12 protocol. Uhlelo lusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuqapha izimo zezulu ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwezitshalo. Isiteshi sesimo sezulu sifakwe izinzwa ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, isivinini somoya, imvula, njll., ezixhunywe kumqoqi wedatha ngephrothokholi ye-SDI-12.
Umphumela wohlelo lokusebenza: Ngesikhathi esibucayi sokukhula kwezitshalo, abalimi bangathola idatha yesimo sezulu ngesikhathi sangempela namanzi futhi bavundise ngesikhathi. Lolu hlelo lwenze ngcono kakhulu isivuno nekhwalithi yezitshalo, kanti imali yabalimi inyuke cishe ngama-20%. Ngokuhlaziya idatha, abalimi bangakwazi futhi ukuhlela kangcono imisebenzi yezolimo futhi banciphise ukumoshwa kwezinsiza.
Icala lesi-2: Iphrojekthi Yokuqapha Imvelo Yasemadolobheni
Edolobheni lasePhilippines, uhulumeni wasekhaya wathumela uchungechunge lweziteshi zesimo sezulu ze-SDI-12 ukuze ziqaphe imvelo, ikakhulukazi ukuqapha izinga lomoya kanye nezimo zezulu. Lezi ziteshi zesimo sezulu zinemisebenzi elandelayo:
Izinzwa ziqapha amapharamitha emvelo afana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, isivinini somoya, PM2.5, PM10, njll.
Imininingwane idluliselwa esikhungweni sedolobha sokuqapha imvelo ngesikhathi sangempela kusetshenziswa umthetho olandelwayo we-SDI-12.
Umthelela wohlelo lokusebenza: Ngokuqoqa nokuhlaziya idatha, abaphathi bedolobha bangathatha izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ukuze babhekane nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu ezifana nenkungu kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Izakhamizi zingathola nolwazi oluseduze lwezezulu kanye nekhwalithi yomoya ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula, ukuze zilungise izinhlelo zazo zokuhamba ngesikhathi futhi zivikele impilo yazo.
Ikesi 3: Uhlelo Lokuqapha I-Hydrological
Kuphrojekthi yokuqapha amanzi angaphansi komfula, i-SDI-12 protocol isetshenziselwa ukuphatha nokuqapha ukugeleza kwemifula, ukuna kwemvula kanye nomswakama wenhlabathi. Le phrojekthi yakha iziteshi eziningi zezulu zokuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela ezindaweni ezihlukene zokulinganisa.
Umthelela wohlelo lokusebenza: Ithimba lephrojekthi likwazile ukubikezela izingozi zezikhukhula ngokuhlaziya le datha futhi likhiphe izexwayiso kusenesikhathi emiphakathini eseduze. Ngokusebenzisana nohulumeni basekhaya, lolu hlelo lwehlisa ngempumelelo ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho okubangelwa izikhukhula futhi lathuthukisa ikhono lokuphatha imithombo yamanzi.
Isiphetho
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa kwephrothokholi ye-SDI-12 eziteshini zesimo sezulu sekuvame kakhulu. Idizayini yayo enamandla aphansi, ukwesekwa kwezinzwa eziningi kanye nezici ezizinzile zokudluliswa kwedatha kunikeza imibono emisha nezixazululo zokuqapha isimo sezulu. Ngokuzayo, iziteshi zesimo sezulu ezisekelwe ku-SDI-12 zizoqhubeka nokuthuthukisa futhi zinikeze ukwesekwa okunembe kakhulu nokuthembekile kokuqapha isimo sezulu ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-16-2025