Ekuphathweni kwamanzi amdaka, ukuqapha imithwalo yemvelo, ikakhulukazi i-Total Organic Carbon (TOC), kube yinto ebalulekile ekugcineni imisebenzi ephumelelayo nephumelelayo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezinemithombo yemfucuza eguquguqukayo kakhulu, njengomkhakha wokudla neziphuzo (F&B).
Kule ngxoxo, uJens Neubauer noChristian Kuijlaars abavela kuVeolia Water Technologies & Solutions bakhuluma ne-AZoMaterials ngokubaluleka kokuqapha i-TOC nokuthi intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe be-TOC iguqula kanjani izinqubo zokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka.
Kungani ukuqapha imithwalo yemvelo, ikakhulukazi i-Total Organic Carbon (TOC), kubalulekile ekuphathweni kwamanzi angcolile?
UJens: Emanzini amaningi angcolile, iningi lezinto ezingcolisayo liyizinto eziphilayo, futhi lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emkhakheni we-F&B. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi oyinhloko wesitshalo sokwelapha indle ukuphula lezi zinto eziphilayo bese uzisusa emanzini angcolile. Ukuqina kwenqubo ukwenza ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile kusheshe futhi kusebenze kahle. Lokhu kudinga ukuqapha njalo ukwakheka kwamanzi angcolile ukuze kuxazululwe ngokushesha noma yikuphi ukuguquguquka, kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanzwa okuphumelelayo naphezu kwezikhathi zokwelashwa ezimfushane.
Izindlela zendabuko zokulinganisa imfucuza yezinto eziphilayo emanzini, njengesidingo se-oxygen yamakhemikhali (i-COD) kanye nokuhlolwa kwesidingo se-oxygen yamakhemikhali (i-BOD), zihamba kancane kakhulu - kuthatha amahora amaningi kuya ezinsukwini - okwenza zingafaneleki ezinqubweni zokwelashwa zesimanje nezisheshayo. I-COD yayidinga nama-reagent anobuthi, okuyinto engafiseleki. Ngokuqhathanisa, ukuqapha umthwalo wezinto eziphilayo kusetshenziswa ukuhlaziywa kwe-TOC kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela futhi akubandakanyi ama-reagent anobuthi. Ifaneleka kahle ekuhlaziyweni kwenqubo futhi inikeza imiphumela enembile kakhulu. Lokhu kushintshela ekulinganisweni kwe-TOC kubonakala nasezindinganisweni zakamuva ze-EU maqondana nokulawulwa kokukhishwa, lapho ukulinganisa kwe-TOC kuyindlela ekhethwayo. I-Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2016/902 yasungula iziphetho zamasu atholakalayo angcono kakhulu (i-BAT) ngaphansi kwe-Directive 2010/75/EU yezinhlelo zokwelashwa/ukuphathwa kwamanzi amdaka ezivamile emkhakheni wamakhemikhali. Izinqumo ze-BAT ezilandelayo zingabhekiselwa kulesi sihloko futhi.
Iyiphi indima edlalwa ukuqapha i-TOC ekugcineni ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka?
UJens: Ukuqapha i-TOC kunikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokulayisha ikhabhoni ezindaweni ezahlukene zenqubo.
Ukuqapha i-TOC ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwezinto eziphilayo kuyivumela ukuthi ibone ukuphazamiseka ekuthwalweni kwekhabhoni bese iyidlulisela emathangini okugcina amanzi njengoba kudingeka. Lokhu kungagwema ukulayisha ngokweqile i-biology bese kuyibuyisela enkambisweni kamuva, okuvumela ukusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kwesitshalo. Ukulinganisa i-TOC ngaphambi nangemva kwesinyathelo sokuzinza kuvumela nabasebenzi ukuthi balawule umthamo we-coagulant ngokuthuthukisa ukwengeza ikhabhoni ukuze bangalambi noma badle ngokweqile amabhaktheriya emathangini okungenisa umoya kanye/noma ngesikhathi sezigaba ze-anoxic.
Ukuqapha i-TOC kunikeza ulwazi ngamazinga ekhabhoni endaweni yokukhipha kanye nokusebenza kahle kokususa. Ukuqapha i-TOC ngemva kokusatshalaliswa kwesibili kunikeza izilinganiso zesikhathi sangempela zekhabhoni ekhishwe emvelweni futhi kufakazela ukuthi imingcele iyahlangatshezwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqapha izinto eziphilayo kunikeza ulwazi ngamazinga ekhabhoni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwelashwa kwesithathu ngezinjongo zokusebenzisa kabusha futhi kungasiza ekwenzeni ngcono ukulinganisa kwamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwe-membrane, kanye nokulinganisa i-ozone kanye ne-UV.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-17-2024