I-Optical Rain Gauge ohlelweni lokuqapha ukuphepha kwesiphepho lwe-Mountainous Railway Line eNingizimu Korea

1. Isizinda Sephrojekthi Nesidingo

Indawo enezintaba yaseNingizimu Korea isho ukuthi inethiwekhi yayo yesitimela ivame ukudabula amagquma nezigodi. Ngesikhathi sezikhukhula zasehlobo, izwe lisengozini yemvula enamandla evela ezimvula ezinkulu nezivunguvungu, okungabangela izikhukhula ezisheshayo, ukugeleza kwemfucumfucu, kanye nokudilika komhlaba ezindaweni zezintaba, okubangela usongo olukhulu ekuphepheni kokusebenza kwezitimela. Amageyiji emvula avamile adinga ukulungiswa njalo, avame ukuvaleka, futhi angase abe namaphutha okubambezeleka komshini kanye nokubala ngesikhathi sezimvula ezinkulu, okwenza anganele isidingo sokuqapha imvula ngesikhathi sangempela, ngokunemba okuphezulu, nangokunganakekelwa kahle.

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokusebenza, iziphathimandla zokuphathwa kwengqalasizinda zaseNingizimu Korea zidinga ngokushesha ukufaka inethiwekhi yokuqapha imvula ezenzakalelayo ethuthukisiwe nethembekile ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile zesitimela esinezintaba. Imishini edingekayo kwakudingeka imelane nezimo ezinzima, isebenze ngokunakekelwa okuncane, futhi inikeze idatha yesikhathi sangempela nenembile mayelana nobukhulu bemvula kanye nokuqongelela kwayo ukuze ilethe izexwayiso ezifika ngesikhathi ohlelweni lokuthumela isitimela.

2. Isixazululo: Uhlelo Lokuqapha I-Optical Rain Gauge

Le phrojekthi ikhethe i-Optical Rain Gauge (noma i-Optical Rain Sensor) njengedivayisi yokuqapha eyinhloko yokwakha uhlelo lokuqapha imvula olusabalele kanye nesexwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi.

• Isimiso Sokusebenza:
  I-optical rain gauge isebenza ngesimiso sokusabalala kwe-infrared optical. Inzwa ikhipha umsebe wokukhanya kwe-infrared endaweni ethile yobude besikhathi endaweni yokulinganisa. Uma kungekho mvula, ukukhanya kudlula ngqo. Uma amaconsi emvula ewela endaweni yokulinganisa, ahlakaza ukukhanya kwe-infrared. Ubukhulu bokukhanya okuhlakazekile okutholwe yi-receiver buhambisana nobukhulu nenani lamaconsi emvula (okungukuthi, ubukhali bemvula). Ngokuhlaziya ukuhlukahluka kwesignali ngama-algorithms akhelwe ngaphakathi, inzwa ibala ubukhali bemvula obusheshayo (mm/h) kanye nemvula eqongelelekile (mm) ngesikhathi sangempela.
• Ukufakwa Kwesistimu:
  Amageyiji emvula abonakalayo afakwe ezindaweni ezibalulekile eceleni kwemizila yesitimela ezindaweni eziyingozi kakhulu (isb., emithambekeni, eduze kwamabhuloho, ekungeneni kwemigudu). Amadivayisi afakwe ezinsikeni, ilensi yesensa iqondiswe esibhakabhakeni ukuqinisekisa indawo yokulinganisa efanele.

3. Ukusetshenziswa Kwesicelo

1. Ukuqoqwa Kwedatha Yesikhathi Sangempela: Ama-rain gauge asebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto, ethatha amasampula amaningi ngomzuzwana ukuthola ukuqala, ukuphela, ukuqina, kanye nokuthambekela kwemvula ngesikhathi sangempela.
2. Ukudluliswa Kwedatha: Idatha yemvula eqoqwe idluliselwa cishe ngesikhathi sangempela (ngezikhawu zezinga lemizuzu) epulatifomu yedatha ephakathi esikhungweni sokuqapha sesifunda ngamamojula wokuxhumana angenantambo e-4G/5G akhelwe ngaphakathi.
3. Ukuhlaziywa Kwedatha Nesexwayiso Sasekuqaleni:
   • Ipulatifomu ephakathi ihlanganisa idatha evela kuzo zonke izindawo zokuqapha futhi isetha ama-alamu omkhawulo wemvula asezingeni eliningi.
   • Uma ubuningi bemvula noma imvula eqongelelekile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi idlula imingcele yokuphepha esethiwe, uhlelo luqala ngokuzenzakalelayo i-alamu.
   • Ulwazi lwe-alamu (kufaka phakathi indawo ethile, idatha yemvula yesikhathi sangempela, kanye nezinga lokudlula) ludluliselwa ngokushesha endaweni yokuxhumana yomthumeli eSikhungweni Sokulawula Ithrafikhi Yesitimela (i-CTC).
4. Ukulawula Okuxhumene: Ngokusekelwe ezingeni lesixwayiso, abathumeli baqala ngokushesha izinqubo eziphuthumayo, njengokukhipha imikhawulo yesivinini noma imiyalo yokumiswa kwezitimela ezisondela esigabeni esithintekile, ngaleyo ndlela bavimbele izinhlekelele futhi baqinisekise ukuphepha kwabagibeli.

4. Izinzuzo Zobuchwepheshe Ezihlanganisiwe

• Azikho Izingxenye Ezinyakazayo, Akukho Ukulungiswa: Ukuntuleka kwezingxenye zemishini kuqeda izinkinga ezifana nokuvaleka, ukuhlanza okuvamile okudingekayo, kanye nokuguguleka kwemishini okuhambisana nama-tipping-bucket gauges avamile. Lokhu kuzenza zilungele ukusebenza isikhathi eside, ngaphandle kokugadwa ezindaweni ezikude nezinokhahlo ezintabeni.
• Impendulo Esheshayo Nokunemba Okuphezulu: Indlela yokulinganisa okubonakalayo inikeza isikhathi sokuphendula esisheshayo kakhulu (kufika kumasekhondi), ibamba ngokunembile izinguquko ezisheshayo ekujuleni kwemvula futhi inikeze isikhathi esibalulekile sezixwayiso.
• Ukumelana Okuqinile Nokuphazamiseka: Umklamo we-optical olungiselelwe kahle unciphisa ukuphazamiseka okuvela ezintweni zemvelo njengothuli, inkungu, nezinambuzane, okuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwedatha.
• Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Aphansi Nokufakwa Kulula: Amadivayisi anezidingo zamandla aphansi, avame ukusekelwa ngamaphaneli elanga, futhi kulula ukuwafaka ngaphandle komsebenzi omkhulu wobunjiniyela bezakhiwo.

5. Imiphumela Yephrojekthi

Ukuqaliswa kwalolu hlelo kuphakamise amakhono okuvimbela izinhlekelele zesitimela eNingizimu Korea kusukela “ekuphenduleni okungenamsebenzi” kuya “ekuxwayiseni okusebenzayo.” Idatha enembile, yesikhathi sangempela evela kuma-rain gauge abonakalayo yenze umnyango wokuthumela wakwazi:

• Yenza izinqumo zokuphepha zesayensi ezengeziwe, unciphise ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho okuhlobene nokuvalwa ngokweqile kokuvimbela.
• Kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha kwezokuthutha ngesitimela kanye nokugcina isikhathi.
• Idatha yemvula yesikhathi eside eqoqwe ihlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuwusizo ekuhlolweni kwezingozi ze-geological kanye nokuhlela ingqalasizinda emigwaqweni yezitimela.

Leli cala libonisa ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwama-rain gauge abonakalayo emkhakheni wokuphepha kwengqalasizinda ebalulekile, okunikeza imodeli enhle kakhulu yokuxazulula izinselele zokuqapha imvula ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Isethi ephelele yamaseva kanye ne-software engenantambo module, isekela i-RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN

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