Phakathi kwegagasi lomhlaba wonke lokuguqulwa kwezolimo kuya ekuhlakanipheni nasekuqondeni, ubuchwepheshe obushintshayo bushintsha ubuso bezolimo zendabuko. Muva nje, inkampani yezobuchwepheshe bezolimo iHonde iqalise isizukulwane esisha sezinzwa zokukhanya kwezolimo. Lo mkhiqizo omusha awugcini nje ngokuqapha nokuthuthukisa indawo yokukhula kwezitshalo ngesikhathi sangempela, kodwa futhi unikeza abalimi bomhlaba wonke indlela yokukhiqiza ezolimo ephumelelayo neqhubekayo, okuphawula isigaba esisha sentuthuko yezolimo ezinembile.
Inzwa yokukhanya kwezolimo: “Iso Lokukhanya” Lezolimo Eziqondile
Inzwa yokukhanya kwezolimo eyethulwe yiHonde iyithuluzi elihlakaniphile elihlanganiswe kahle kakhulu, elenzelwe ngqo ezolimo zesimanje, elikwazi ukuqapha nokurekhoda ngesikhathi sangempela lezi zinhlaka ezilandelayo ezibalulekile:
Ukukhanya okukhulu:
Linganisa ngokunembile ubukhali bemisebe yelanga kanye nemithombo yokukhanya yokwenziwa ukuze usize abalimi baqonde izimo zokukhanya ezidingwa yizitshalo ezigabeni ezahlukene zokukhula.
2. Ubude bokukhanya:
Qopha isikhathi sokukhanya kwansuku zonke bese unikeza iziphakamiso zokulungisa isikhathi sokukhanya ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zokukhula kwezitshalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zithola umphumela omuhle kakhulu we-photosynthesis.
3. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Spectral:
Ihlonyiswe ngemisebenzi yokuhlaziya ama-spectral ethuthukisiwe, ingahlonza izingxenye zama-spectral zemithombo yokukhanya ehlukene, isize abalimi ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele kakhulu lomthombo wokukhanya futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezitshalo nge-photosynthesis.
4. Isiqondiso sokukhanya:
Qapha izinguquko endleleni yokukhanya bese unikeza iziphakamiso zokulungisa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zokukhula kwezitshalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zithola ukukhanya ngokulinganayo futhi ugweme izinkinga zokukhula ezibangelwa ukukhanya okungalingani.
5. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo kanye nomswakama:
Ngaphezu kwemingcele yokukhanya, izinzwa zingaphinde ziqaphe izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama wendawo, zinikeze abalimi ukwesekwa okuphelele kwedatha yendawo futhi zibasize benze izinqumo zesayensi zezolimo.
Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nezinzuzo
Izimo zokusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zokukhanya kwezolimo zibanzi kakhulu, okuhlanganisa ukutshalwa kwezitshalo eziluhlaza okotshani, ezolimo eziqondile, izindawo zokulima ezivulekile kanye nezolimo zasemadolobheni, njll. Lokhu okulandelayo kungenye yezimo zokusetshenziswa ezivamile:
1. Ukulima i-greenhouse
Endaweni yokushisa, izinzwa zokukhanya zingaqapha ubukhali nobude bokukhanya ngesikhathi sangempela futhi zilungise ngokuzenzakalelayo ukukhanya nesikhathi sokusebenza kwemithombo yokukhanya yokwenziwa ngokwezidingo zezitshalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zithola izimo zokukhanya ezinhle kakhulu.
Ngokuhlaziywa kwe-spectral, abalimi bangakhetha uhlobo lomthombo wokukhanya olufanele kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezitshalo nge-photosynthesis nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwazo.
2. Ezolimo eziqondile
Ukulima okuqondile kunezidingo eziqinile kakhulu zezimo zokukhanya. Izinzwa zokukhanya zinganikeza idatha yokukhanya enembile, zisize abalimi ukuthi bathuthukise ukwakheka kwemithombo yokukhanya kanye nobude bokukhanya, futhi bandise isivuno ngeyunithi ngayinye.
3. Indawo yamapulazi evulekile:
Emapulazini avulekile, izinzwa zokukhanya zingaqapha izinguquko ekukhanyeni kwemvelo futhi zinikeze iziphakamiso zokulungisa ukukhanya ngokusekelwe ezimweni zezulu, zisize abalimi ukuhlela imisebenzi yezolimo ngendlela efanele futhi bandise isivuno sezitshalo.
4. Ezolimo Zasemadolobheni
Kwezolimo zasemadolobheni, ukulinganiselwa kwendawo kanye nezinsiza kwenza ukuphathwa kokukhanya kubaluleke kakhulu. Izinzwa zokukhanya zingasiza abalimi ukufeza izimo zokukhanya ezinhle kakhulu endaweni elinganiselwe, okwandisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yesivuno.
Amacala okusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke kanye nezinzuzo zomnotho
Amacala okusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zokukhanya zezolimo zikaHonde emazweni amaningi nasezifundeni emhlabeni wonke abonisa ukuthi le divayisi ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle komkhiqizo wezolimo kanye nezinzuzo zomnotho.
Isibonelo, kuphrojekthi yokulima utamatisi ohlala endaweni eluhlaza eNetherlands, ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zokukhanya, isivuno sikatamatisi sanda ngo-20%, futhi ngenxa yokwenziwa ngcono kwezimo zokukhanya, ikhwalithi yezithelo nayo yathuthuka.
Emapulazini aqonde phezulu eJapane, ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zokukhanya kukhuphule isivuno se-lettuce ngo-15%, futhi ngenxa yokulawulwa okunembile kwemithombo yokukhanya yokwenziwa, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwehle ngo-10%.
ECalifornia, e-United States, ipulazi lama-strawberry elivulekile linyuse isivuno salo sama-strawberry ngo-12% ngokusebenzisa izinzwa zokukhanya nokuhlela ngokunengqondo izikhathi zokunisela nokukhanyisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokukhanya okufanayo, ubumnandi nombala wama-strawberry sekuyinto efanelekile kakhulu.
Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko esimeme
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zokukhanya kwezolimo akusizi nje kuphela ukuthuthukisa umkhiqizo wezolimo kanye nezinzuzo zomnotho, kodwa futhi kunencazelo enhle ekuvikelweni kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko esimeme. Ngokwenza izimo zokukhanya zibe ngcono, abalimi banganciphisa ukusetshenziswa komanyolo wamakhemikhali namanzi, futhi banciphise ukungcola enhlabathini nasemanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphathwa kokukhanya okunembile kunganciphisa nokusetshenziswa kwamandla, kunciphise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, futhi kuhlinzeke ngokusekelwa kokuguqulwa okuluhlaza kwezolimo.
Umbono Wesikhathi Esizayo
Ngokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezinzwa zokukhanya kwezolimo, ezolimo zomhlaba wonke zilungele ukwamukela ikusasa elihlakaniphe kakhulu, eliqondile nelizinzile. I-Honde ihlela ukuthuthukisa njalo nokwenza ngcono imisebenzi yezinzwa zayo zokukhanya eminyakeni ezayo, inezela izici ezihlakaniphe kakhulu njengokulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo kokukhanya, ukulungiswa kwe-spectral, kanye nokulawula okude. Okwamanje, inkampani ihlela futhi ukuthuthukisa imikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe bezolimo esekela kakhulu, njengezinhlelo zokunisela ezihlakaniphe kakhulu kanye nezinzwa zomhlabathi, ukwakha uhlelo lwezolimo olunembile oluphelele.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-07-2025