IMadrid, eSpain — Januwari 23, 2025
Phakathi kokukhathazeka okukhulayo mayelana nekhwalithi yamanzi kanye nokusimama, iSpain yenza intuthuko ebalulekile ekuvikelweni kwemvelo ngokusebenzisa izinzwa zekhwalithi yamanzi ezinamapharamitha amaningi. Kusukela ezigodini eziluhlaza zase-Andalusia kuya emanzini asogwini lwaseCatalonia, lobu buchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe buthuthukisa ukuqapha izinhlelo zamanzi, buqinisekisa kokubili ukuphepha komphakathi kanye nobuqotho bemvelo.
Ukuguqula Ukuqapha Ikhwalithi Yamanzi
Ukwamukelwa kwezinzwa zekhwalithi yamanzi ezinamapharamitha amaningi, ezilinganisa izinkomba ezahlukahlukene ezifaka phakathi i-pH, umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe, ukukhukhuleka, izinga lokushisa, kanye namazinga okungcola okuyingozi, kuye kwatholakala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nezasemakhaya kulo lonke elaseSpain. Lezi zinzwa zinikeza idatha yesikhathi sangempela evumela iziphathimandla ukuthi zithole ukungcola kanye nezinguquko zekhwalithi yamanzi ngokushesha, okuvumela izimpendulo ezisheshayo ezingozini ezingaba khona zemvelo.
“Esikhathini esidlule, ukuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi kwakuvame ukuba nomthelela,” kusho uDkt. Elena Torres, usosayensi wezemvelo e-Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). “Manje, ngalezi zinzwa, singakwazi ukuqapha imingcele eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi sibhekane nezinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zibe yizinkinga.”
Ukuthuthukisa Impilo Yomphakathi Nokuphepha
Ukubaluleka kwezinhlelo ezinjalo kugcizelelwe yizehlakalo zakamuva, okuhlanganisa nesomiso esinzima kanye namagagasi okushisa okuye kwacindezela imithombo yamanzi. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa kubalulekile ekugcineni amanzi okuphuza aphephile kanye nokuvikela imvelo yasemanzini.
“Ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa ezinamapharamitha amaningi ezindaweni zethu zokuhlanza amanzi okuphuza kuthuthukise kakhulu ikhono lethu lokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwamanzi ezakhamuzini zethu,” kusho uJavier Martín, umqondisi we-Water Management Authority eValencia. “Sibone ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwezigameko ezihlobene nezifo ezibangelwa amanzi.”
Lezi zinzwa zibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni lapho imithombo yamanzi isengozini yokugeleza kwamanzi kwezolimo, ukungcola kwezimboni, kanye nemfucuza yasemadolobheni. Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kuvumela ohulumeni basekhaya ukuthi bathathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela, njengokukhipha izeluleko zamanzi noma ukuqala imisebenzi yokuhlanza.
Ukusekela Ukusimama Kwezolimo
Ezolimo, okuwumgogodla womnotho waseSpain, nazo zizozuza ekuqapheni ikhwalithi yamanzi okuthuthukisiwe. Abalimi basebenzisa kakhulu lezi zinzwa ukuqapha imithombo yamanzi yokunisela, beqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi asetshenziselwa izitshalo aphephile futhi awanazo izinto ezingcolisayo eziyingozi.
“Ukufaka izinzwa zamapharamitha amaningi ezinhlelweni zethu zokunisela akukhuphulanga nje kuphela isivuno kodwa futhi kunciphise imfucuza kanye nokungcola okungenzeka,” kuchaza uMaria Fernández, umlimi womnqumo waseJaén. “Lobu buchwepheshe busisiza ukuthi sisebenzise amanzi ngendlela ephumelelayo nangendlela efanele, okuyinto ebalulekile kulezi zikhathi zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.”
Izinzuzo Zezomnotho Nezemvelo
Imiphumela yezomnotho yokusebenzisa izinzwa zekhwalithi yamanzi ezithuthukisiwe ibalulekile. Uhulumeni waseSpain uqalise izinhlelo zokuxhasa ukufakwa kwalezi zinhlelo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisengozini, ukuze kuncishiswe umthwalo wezezimali kohulumeni bendawo nakubalimi. Abahlaziyi babikezela ukuthi lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali kuzoletha ukonga kwesikhathi eside ngokunciphisa izindleko ezihlobene nezempilo nokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo wezolimo.
Izinzuzo zemvelo ziyamangalisa ngokufanayo. Ngokuvumela ukuqapha okunembile, izinzwa zamapharamitha amaningi ziyasiza ekulondolozweni kwezindawo zemvelo ezahlukahlukene zaseSpain, okuhlanganisa imifula yayo, amachibi, nezindawo ezisogwini. Lobu buchwepheshe budlala indima ebalulekile ekulandeleni imithombo yokungcola kanye nokuphoqelela ukulandelwa kwemithetho eqinile yezemvelo ye-EU.
Umzamo Obambisene Wokulwela Ukusimama
Ukwamukelwa okwandayo kwezinzwa zekhwalithi yamanzi ezinamapharamitha amaningi kuyingxenye yomzamo omkhulu wokubambisana ohlanganisa izinhlangano zikahulumeni, izikhungo zocwaningo, kanye nezinkampani ezizimele. Uhulumeni waseSpain usebenzisa izimali ze-EU ukusekela ucwaningo nentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe bokuphathwa kwamanzi, ehlose ukubeka iSpain njengomholi ekusungulweni kwemikhiqizo emisha emvelweni.
“Lokhu kumane kuyisiqalo,” kusho uNgqongqoshe Wezemvelo, uRaúl García. “Ngentuthuko yakamuva kwezobuchwepheshe bezinzwa, sizibophezele ekuvikeleni imithombo yethu yamanzi eyigugu yezizukulwane ezizayo.”
Njengoba iSpain yamukela lobu buchwepheshe obushintshayo, ukuzibophezela ekuphathweni kwamanzi okusimeme kuyakhanya, kuthembisa indawo enempilo kanye nekusasa eliphephile kubantu bayo.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe lwenzwa yekhwalithi yamanzi,
sicela uxhumane ne-Honde Technology Co., LTD.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-23-2025