Uhlelo Lokuqapha Izikhukhula Zezintaba: Imishini Yobuchwepheshe Eyinhloko kanye Nemisebenzi Yayo Yokuqapha

Uhlelo Lokuqapha Izikhukhula Zasezintabeni luyipulatifomu ephelele yokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi ehlanganisa ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokuzwa, ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha. Inhloso yalo eyinhloko ukuvumela ukubikezela okunembile, isixwayiso esifike ngesikhathi, kanye nokusabela okusheshayo ezinhlekeleleni zezikhukhula zasezintabeni ngokubamba idatha ebalulekile ye-hydrometeorological ngesikhathi sangempela, ngaleyo ndlela kukhuliswe ukuvikelwa kwezimpilo zabantu kanye nempahla yabo.

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Uhlelo luthembele kunethiwekhi yamadivayisi okuqapha ahlakaniphile asetshenziswa ezingeni lensimu. Phakathi kwawo, i-3-in-1 Hydological Radar kanye ne-Rain Gauge zidlala indima ebalulekile.

I. Imishini Yokuqapha Eyinhloko kanye Nemisebenzi Yayo

1. I-3-in-1 Hydrological Radar (I-Integrated Hydrological Radar Sensor)
Lena idivayisi yokuqapha ethuthukisiwe engathintani evame ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi emithathu ibe yiyunithi eyodwa: ukulinganisa ukugeleza kweradar yamagagasi angamamilimitha, ukuqapha ngevidiyo, kanye neradar yezinga lamanzi. Isebenza "njengomphetho ophambili" wokuqapha kwesimanje kwezintaba.

• Indima Yokulinganiswa Kokugeleza Kwerada Ye-Millimeter-Wave:
  • Isimiso: Idlulisela amaza kagesi ebusweni bamanzi futhi ibala ijubane lokugeleza kwamanzi ngokwamukela amaza avela kudoti oluntantayo noma ama-ripple amancane isebenzisa umphumela we-Doppler.
  • Izinzuzo: Ukulinganisa okude, okunembile kakhulu ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo emseleni womfula. Akuthinteki yizibi noma imfucumfucu entantayo, okunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokuphepha, ikakhulukazi emifuleni yezintaba eqongile neyingozi lapho amazinga amanzi enyuka futhi ehla khona ngokushesha.
• Indima Yokuqapha Ividiyo:
  • Ukuqinisekiswa Okubonakalayo: Kuhlinzeka ngokuphakelwa kwevidiyo bukhoma kwendawo, okuvumela abasebenzi besikhungo somyalo ukuthi bahlole ngokubonakalayo izimo zokugeleza komfula, amazinga amanzi, indawo ezungezile, nokuthi ngabe abantu bakhona yini, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwedatha ye-radar.
  • Ukuqoshwa Kwenqubo: Kuqopha ngokuzenzakalelayo noma kuthwebula izithombe zesehlakalo sonke sezikhukhula, kuhlinzeka ngezithombe ezibalulekile zokuhlolwa kwangemva kwenhlekelele kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi.
• Indima Yeradar Yezinga Lamanzi:
  • Ububanzi Obunembile: Kulinganisa ibanga eliya ebusweni bamanzi ngokudlulisa amaza e-radar nokubala isikhathi sokubuya kwawo, okuvumela ukulinganisa okunembile nokuqhubekayo kokuphakama kwamanzi okungathinteki izinga lokushisa, inkungu, noma ukungcola kobuso.
  • Ipharamitha Eyinhloko: Idatha yezinga lamanzi iyipharamitha ebalulekile yokubala izinga lokugeleza nokunquma ubukhali bezikhukhula.

【Inani Elihlanganisiwe Leyunithi Engu-3 Ku-1】: Idivayisi eyodwa ibamba ngasikhathi sinye izingcezu ezintathu ezibalulekile zolwazi—ijubane lokugeleza, izinga lamanzi, kanye nevidiyo. Lokhu kwenza ukuqinisekiswa kwedatha nezithombe kuhambisane, kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuthembeka kwedatha yokuqapha kanye nokunemba kwezixwayiso, kuyilapho kunciphisa nezindleko zokwakha nezokulungisa.

2. Isilinganiso Semvula (Isilinganiso Semvula Esithatha Ibhakede)
Imvula iyona ebangela ngqo futhi ebheke phambili izikhukhula zasezintabeni. Amageyiji emvula azenzakalelayo ayizinto eziyisisekelo nezibalulekile zokuqapha imvula.

• Indima Yokuqapha:
  • Ukuqapha Imvula Ngesikhathi Sangempela: Kukala futhi kuqophe inani lemvula kanye nobukhulu bemvula (inani lemvula ngeyunithi yesikhathi, isib., mm/ihora) ngesikhathi sangempela.
  • Okufakiwe Okubalulekile Kwesexwayiso Sasekuqaleni: Imvula enamandla iyimbangela eqondile kakhulu yezikhukhula zasezintabeni. Ngokuhlaziya lezi zilinganiso ezimbili ezibalulekile—ezandulela imvula eqongelelayo kanye nobukhulu bemvula yesikhathi esifushane—ngokuhambisana namamodeli okugcwala kwenhlabathi kanye nendawo, uhlelo lungahlola ubungozi bezinhlekelele futhi lukhiphe izixwayiso. Isibonelo, “imvula edlula ama-50 mm ngaphakathi kwehora eli-1” ingase ibangele isixwayiso esiphuzi.

II. Ukusebenzisana Kwesistimu Nokuqhutshwa Komsebenzi

Lawa madivayisi awasebenzi ngokwawo kodwa asebenza ndawonye ukuze akhe umjikelezo ophelele wokuqapha kanye nokuxwayisa:

1. Ukuqapha Imvula (Isixwayiso Sokuqala): Igeyiji yemvula iyona yokuqala ukuthola imvula enamandla kakhulu, yesikhathi esifushane—lesi “yisixwayiso sokuqala” sesikhukhula sezintaba. Ipulatifomu yesistimu ibala imvula yendawo futhi yenza ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwengozi yesifunda, okungenzeka ikhiphe isixwayiso sokuqala ukuze ixwayise izindawo ezifanele.
2. Ukuqinisekiswa Kwempendulo Yamanzi (Isixwayiso Esinembile): Imvula ihlangana ibe ukugeleza kwamanzi okungaphezulu, iqala ukuhlangana emiseleni yemifula.
   • I-3-in-1 Hydological Radar ibona amazinga amanzi akhuphukayo kanye nesivinini sokugeleza esikhulayo.
   • Ividiyo ibuyisa izithombe ezibukhoma ngasikhathi sinye ezibonisa ukugeleza okwandisiwe emfuleni.
   • Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukuthi imvula iveze impendulo yangempela yamanzi, okuqinisekisa ukuthi kuza isikhukhula sezintaba noma senzeke.
3. Ukuhlaziywa Kwedatha Nokwenza Izinqumo: Ipulatifomu yokuqapha yondla idatha yemvula yesikhathi sangempela, izinga lamanzi, kanye nesivinini sokugeleza kumodeli yokubikezela izikhukhula zezintaba ukuze kubalwe ngokushesha kanye nokuhlaziywa okuphelele. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukubikezela okunembile kokugeleza okuphezulu, isikhathi sokufika, kanye nendawo yomthelela.
4. Ukukhishwa Kwesexwayiso: Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlaziya, izixwayiso zamazinga ahlukene (isb., Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, Ophuzi, Owolintshi, Obomvu) zikhishwa kubasebenzi bokusabela ezinhlekeleleni kanye nomphakathi ezindaweni ezisengozini ngeziteshi ezahlukahlukene ezifana nokusakaza, imiyalezo yombhalo, izinhlabamkhosi, kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana, ukuqondisa ukuphuma kanye ne-避险 (bì xiǎn, ukugwema ingozi).

Isiphetho

• I-Rain Gauge isebenza njenge-"Early Warning Scout", enesibopho sokuthola imbangela (imvula enkulu) yezikhukhula zasezintabeni.
• I-3-in-1 Hydrological Radar isebenza njengo-“Field Commander”, enesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukwenzeka (izinga lamanzi, ijubane lokugeleza) kwesikhukhula nokunikeza ubufakazi bensimu (ividiyo).
• Ipulatifomu Yokuqapha I-Mountain Torrent isebenza njenge-"Intelligent Brain", enesibopho sokuqoqa lonke ulwazi, ukwenza ukuhlaziywa nokwenza izinqumo, bese ekugcineni ikhipha imiyalo yokuphuma kwabantu.