Ezimakethe zamandla ezincintisana ngokwandayo, zonke izizukulwane zikagesi zibaluleke kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuthi kungani izinzwa zemisebe yelanga ezinemba okuphezulu zingasezona izisetshenziswa ozikhethela zona kodwa ziyisisekelo sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesiteshi samandla, ukuqinisekisa ukuxhaswa ngezimali, nokukhulisa imbuyiselo ekutshalweni kwezimali.
Ezinsukwini zokuqala zemboni yamandla elanga, impumelelo yephrojekthi yayincike kakhulu ekutheni ingabe ingaxhunywa kugridi ukuze kuphehlwe ugesi. Namuhla, njengoba izilinganiso zenzuzo ziqina kanye nesidingo somhlaba wonke sokukhuphuka kwamandla avuselelekayo, isihluthulelo sempumelelo sesishintshele ekwandiseni wonke ama-megawatt-hora kagesi okhiqizwayo. Kule nkathi ephishekela ukusebenza okucolisisiwe, kunesici esisodwa esivame ukubukelwa phansi kodwa esinomthelela ophelele ekusebenzeni: ukunemba kwezinzwa zemisebe yelanga.
Abantu abaningi babheka inzwa yokukhishwa kwemisebe (eyaziwa nangokuthi imitha yemitha egcwele) njengengxenye “evamile” elula, ithuluzi elikhona ukuze lihlangabezane nezimfuneko zokubika. Lo mbono uyiphutha elibizayo. Ezimakethe zanamuhla, ukunemba kwezinzwa zemisebe akuhlehli. Nazi izizathu.
Okokuqala, idatha enembile iyisisekelo sokuhlola ukusebenza
Idatha yemisebe yelanga “iyizinga eliyigolide” lokulinganisa ukuthi isiteshi sikagesi siyawukhiqiza yini ugesi njengoba kulindelekile. Uma ngabe inzwa yakho yemisebe inokuchezuka kwamaphesenti ambalwa, lonke uhlelo lokuhlola ukusebenza luzokwakhelwa kudatha enesici.
Ukuhlanekezelwa kwesilinganiso sokusebenza (PR): I-PR isilinganiso sangempela sokuphehlwa kwamandla esiteshi sikagesi kuya kumandla aso acatshangelwayo. Ukubalwa kokukhiqizwa kwamandla okucatshangelwayo kuncike kakhulu kwisigameko esilinganisiwe semisebe yelanga. Inzwa enganembile izobika "inani lethiyori" elingalungile, ngaleyo ndlela ibangele ukuhlanekezela ekubalweni kwe-PR. Kungenzeka ukuthi ubungaza lokho okubonakala kuyinani “elihle” le-PR, kodwa empeleni, isiteshi sikagesi silahlekelwa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ngenxa yamaphutha afihliwe. Noma ngokuphambene, ungahle umoshe izinsiza ngokuxazulula inkinga yokusebenza engekho nhlobo.
Ukutholwa kwephutha nokuxilongwa: Isistimu yokuqapha enembayo ikhomba amaphutha ngokuqhathanisa okukhiphayo kochungechunge, iyunithi yezinhlamvu noma i-inverter ne-irradiance yendawo. Isignali yemisebe engathembekile ingathuntubeza lawa mathuluzi okuxilonga athuthukile, iwavimbe ekuboneni ngokushesha amaphutha eyunithi yezinhlamvu, izithiyo, ukuwohloka kwe-inverter noma ukonakala kwengxenye nezinye izinkinga, okuholela ekulahlekeni kokukhiqizwa kwamandla ngaphandle kokwazi kwakho.
Okwesibili, kuthinta ngokuqondile izinzuzo zezezimali kanye nenani lempahla
Kubanikazi beziteshi zikagesi, ama-opharetha nabatshalizimali, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi kulingana ngqo nemali engenayo. Iphutha lenzwa lizohumusha ngokuqondile ekulahlekelweni kwemali yangempela.
Ukulahlekelwa kokuphehla amandla: Ukuchezuka okungekuhle okungama-2% kuphela (ukufunda kwenzwa kuphansi kunokukhanya kwangempela) kungase kufihle ukulahleka kokukhiqizwa kwamandla okuhambisanayo, kukuvimbele ekuboneni nasekuxazululeni inkinga. Esiteshini sikagesi esikhulu esinomthamo wamamegawathi ayi-100, lokhu kulingana nokulahlekelwa kwemali engenayo yonyaka okungaba ngamashumi ezinkulungwane noma ngisho namakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaRandi.
Uxhaso Lwezimali Nomshuwalense: Amabhange nezinkampani zomshwalense zithembele emininingwaneni enembile yokusebenza lapho zihlola ubungozi bephrojekthi namanani. Idatha engathembekile ingaphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nempilo yangempela yeziteshi zikagesi, engase ithinte izimo zokuthola kabusha imali, inyuse amaphrimiyamu omshwalense, futhi yehlise ngisho nokulinganisa ngesikhathi sokuthengiswa kwempahla.
Ukusebenza kahle nokulungisa (O&M): Imisebenzi ye-O&M esekelwe kudatha engalungile ayisebenzi kahle. Ithimba lingase lithunyelwe ukuze lihlole okokusebenza okwakusebenza kahle ekuqaleni, noma okubi nakakhulu, ligeje izindawo ezidinga ukunakekelwa ngempela. Idatha enembile inganika amandla ukunakekelwa okubikezelwayo, ithuthukise ukusebenza nokugcinwa kwezinsiza, futhi ekugcineni yonge izindleko futhi yandise ukuphehlwa kwamandla.
Iii. Kungani "Okuhle ngokwanele" kungasanele?
Imakethe igcwele zonke izinhlobo zezinzwa zekhwalithi ehlukahlukene. Ukukhetha izinzwa “ezijwayelekile” ezibiza izindleko eziphansi kwakungase kuthathwe njengokulondoloza, kodwa manje sekuyingozi enkulu.
Amazinga aphezulu okusebenza: Imiklamo yanamuhla yesiteshi sikagesi inembe kakhudlwana futhi inendawo encane ekwazi ukumelana namaphutha. Ukuze uhlale unokuncintisana emakethe yesivumelwano sokuthenga amandla esincintisana kakhulu (i-PPA), ukusebenza kahle kwawo wonke amaphuzu ayisisekelo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izidingo ezikhulayo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamagridi kagesi: Abaqhubi begridi yamandla baya ngokuya bedinga ukuqagela okunembayo kwamandla elanga ukuze kugcinwe ukuqina kwegridi. Idatha yemisebe yezinga eliphezulu esendaweni iwukhiye wokuthuthukisa amamodeli wokuqagela, okusiza ukugwema izinhlawulo zokulinganiswa kwamandla kanye nokuba nethuba lokubamba iqhaza emakethe yezinsizakalo ezisizayo ezinenzuzo enkulu.
Izindleko zomjikelezo wempilo ende: Ngenzwa yemisebe yekhwalithi ephezulu, inani lokuthenga lasekuqaleni lithatha ingxenye encane kuphela yezindleko zayo eziphelele emjikelezweni wayo wempilo ongaphezu kweminyaka engama-20. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokulahlekelwa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nokusebenza okuphansi nokusebenza kahle nokugcinwa kahle okubangelwa idatha engalungile, izindleko ezengeziwe zokutshala izimali ezinzwa ezisezingeni eliphezulu azinakwa.
Isiphetho: Bheka ukunemba kwezinzwa njengotshalomali olunamasu
Izinzwa zemisebe yelanga akufanele zisabhekwa njengethuluzi elilula lokulinganisa. “Iwumqaphi wezempilo oyinhloko” wesiteshi sakho sikagesi kanye nesisekelo sazo zonke izinqumo ezibalulekile zokusebenza nezezimali.
Ukuyekethisa kuzinzwa kusabelomali sokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi noma ukusebenza nokugcinwa kuyisu eliyingozi enkulu. Ukutshala izimali ezinzwa ezisezingeni eliphezulu ngokunemba okuphezulu, ukuzinza okuvelele, izitifiketi zokulinganisa ezivamile nokusekelwa okuthembekile kobuchwepheshe akuzona izindleko, kodwa kuwukutshalwa kwezimali kwamasu enzuzweni yesikhathi eside, ezezimali kanye nenani layo yonke impahla yakho yelanga.
Ukwandisa amandla akho elanga kuqala ngokukala inani langempela layo yonke imisebe yelanga oyitholayo. Ungalokothi ubeke engcupheni ukunemba.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-25-2025