Okusungulwe Kwakamuva Nentuthuko Ezinzwa Zokuququda Kwamanzi

Isingeniso

Ukuqapha izinga lamanzi kubalulekile ekuvikelweni kwemvelo, impilo yomphakathi, kanye nokuphathwa kwezinsiza. Enye yezimiso ezibalulekile ekuhloleni ikhwalithi yamanzi ukuguguleka, okubonisa ukuba khona kwezinhlayiya ezimisiwe emanzini ezingaba nomthelela emvelweni nasekuphepheni kwamanzi okuphuza. Intuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe benzwa ye-turbidity yenza kube lula futhi kusebenze kangcono ukuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi ngesikhathi sangempela. Lesi sihloko sihlola izinto ezintsha zakamuva, amathrendi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinzwa ze-turbidity yamanzi.

Ukuqonda Ukuqunjelwa Kwamanzi

I-turbidity isilinganiso sokuguquguquka noma ukushelela koketshezi, okungabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene ezifana nentlenga, ulwelwe, ama-microorganisms, nokunye ukungcola. Amazinga aphezulu emfucumfucu angabonisa izinga eliphansi lamanzi, okuthinta impilo yasemanzini futhi kube yingozi empilweni yabantu. Izindlela zendabuko zokulinganisa ukuguguleka ngokuvamile zihilela ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri, okungadla isikhathi futhi kungaphumeleli kangako ekuqaphelweni kwesikhathi sangempela.

Okusunguliwe Kwakamuva Kubuchwepheshe Benzwa Ye-Turbidity

1.Amanethiwekhi enzwa ehlakaniphile

Intuthuko yakamuva kumanethiwekhi enzwa ithuthukisa amandla okuqapha wezinzwa ze-turbidity. Izinzwa ze-smart turbidity manje sezingakwazi ukuxhuma ku-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), okuvumela ukudluliswa kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela nokuqapha okukude. Lokhu kuxhumana kwenza idatha yekhwalithi yamanzi ifinyeleleke noma yikuphi, kusiza izikhathi zokuphendula ngokushesha ezenzakalweni zokungcola kanye nekhono lokulandelela izinguquko kwikhwalithi yamanzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

2.Ukuzwela Okuthuthukisiwe Nokunemba

Izinzwa ze-Cutting-Edge ziya ngokuya zizwela emazingeni aphansi e-turbidity, okuzenza zikwazi ukubona izinguquko kukhwalithi yamanzi okungenzeka ukuthi azizange zibonwe ngaphambili. Amasu okubona athuthukile, afana ne-laser diffraction ne-nephelometry, athuthukisa ukunemba futhi anikeze imiphumela enokwethenjelwa ngisho nasezimeni eziyinselele. Lezi zindlela ezintsha zibaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini ezidinga ukugadwa okuqinile kwekhwalithi yamanzi, njengezinhlelo zamanzi okuphuza zikamasipala kanye nezolimo zasemanzini.

3.Izixazululo Ezingabizi

Izindleko zezinzwa ze-turbidity zehle kakhulu, okwenza zifinyeleleke kalula kuhlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Izinzwa ezithengekayo manje zingasatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekusebenzeni kwezimboni kuya ezindaweni zezolimo ezisezingeni elincane ngisho nasemizini ngayinye. Lokhu kulawulwa kwentando yeningi kwezobuchwepheshe kwenza ababambiqhaza abengeziwe bakwazi ukuqapha imithombo yabo yamanzi ngempumelelo.

4.Ukuhlanganiswa Nezinye Izinzwa Zemvelo

Izinzwa zesimanje ze-turbidity zingahlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinzwa zemvelo, ezifana nezinzwa lokushisa, i-pH, nezinzwa zomoya-mpilo ezincibilikisiwe, kwakheka izinhlelo eziphelele zokuqapha izinga lamanzi. Le ndlela ehlanganisa amapharamitha amaningi ivumela ukuqonda okuphelele okwengeziwe ngezimo zamanzi kanye nokuthathwa kwezinqumo okunolwazi olungcono mayelana nokuphathwa kwezinsiza kanye nokulawula ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.

5.Intuthuko ku-Data Analytics

Izinzwa zakamuva ze-turbidity zivame ukuza zihlonyiswe ngamakhono okuhlaziya idatha avumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babone okuthrendayo, badale izexwayiso, futhi bakhiqize imibiko esekelwe kudatha yesikhathi sangempela. Ama-algorithms okufunda omshini angahlaziya amasethi edatha amakhulu ukuze akhombe amaphethini noma abikezele amazinga emfucumfucu esikhathi esizayo, asize abaphathi bamanzi baphendule ngokuqhubekayo ezinkingeni ezingaba khona zekhwalithi yamanzi.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zakamuva kanye Nokuthunyelwa Kwenkambu

1.Ukuqapha Imvelo

Ama-ejensi kahulumeni nezinhlangano zezemvelo ziya ngokuya zisebenzisa izinzwa ezithuthukile emifuleni, emachibini nasezindaweni zemifula ukuze ziqaphe izinga lamanzi futhi zithole izenzakalo zokungcola. Isibonelo, i-United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) isiqalile ukusebenzisa amanethiwekhi ezinzwa ukuze ihlole kangcono impilo yezindawo zamanzi zasendaweni futhi iphendule ngokushesha ezinsongweni zokungcola.

2.Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi Ezolimo

Abalimi nabaphathi bezolimo basebenzisa izinzwa ze-turbidity ukuze bathuthukise izindlela zokunisela futhi baqaphe izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi. Ngokuhlaziya izinga lamanzi ngesikhathi sangempela, bangakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nesikhathi sokunisela kanye nendlela yokuphatha umanyolo nezibulala-zinambuzane ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wendawo.

3.I-Aquaculture

Imboni yezokufuywa kwezilwane zasemanzini ithembele ekulondolozeni izinga lamanzi eliphelele ukuze izinhlanzi zibe nempilo. Izinzwa ze-turbidity zibalulekile ekuqapheni ukucaca kwamanzi nokuvimbela izimo ezingase zibangele ukuqubuka kwezifo noma ingcindezi yezinhlanzi. Ukusungulwa kobuchwepheshe bezinzwa kwenza amapulazi e-aquaculture agcine ukulawula okungcono endaweni yawo.

4.Ukuphuza Ukwelapha Amanzi

Izikhungo zokuhlanza amanzi zikamasipala zifaka izinzwa ezithuthukile ekusebenzeni kwazo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho yezempilo kanye nokuhlinzeka ngamanzi okuphuza aphephile. Ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kuvumela opharetha ukuthi babone okudidayo ngokushesha futhi balungise izinqubo zokwelashwa ngendlela efanele.

Izinselele kanye Nezitayela Zesikhathi esizayo

Naphezu kwentuthuko, izinzwa zokuguguleka kwamanzi zisabhekene nezinselelo. Ukuthembeka kwezinzwa ezindaweni ezinokhahlo, isidingo sokulinganiswa nokugcinwa kahle, kanye namandla e-biofouling yizindawo ezidinga ucwaningo oluqhubekayo nokuthuthukiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba isidingo sokuqapha izinga lamanzi ngesikhathi sangempela sikhula, izinto ezintsha zesikhathi esizayo zingagxila ekwandiseni ukuqina kwezinzwa kanye nokuthuthukisa amandla azo okusebenza ezimeni ezihlukahlukene neziyinselele.

Isiphetho

Izinzwa zokuguguleka kwamanzi zihamba phambili emasuni amasha okuhloswe ngawo ukuthuthukisa ukuqapha izinga lamanzi. Ngokuthuthuka kokuzwela, ukuxhumana, nokuhlanganiswa nezinye izinzwa zemvelo, lawa madivaysi aba ngamathuluzi abalulekile ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene-kusukela ekuqaphelweni kwemvelo kuya kwezolimo kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi okuphuza. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuvela, amandla ezinzwa ze-turbidity ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zokulawulwa kwamanzi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi impilo yomphakathi izokhula kuphela, okuholela ezinhlelweni zemvelo ezinempilo kanye nokunikezwa kwamanzi aphephile kubo bonke. Ikusasa lokuqapha izinga lamanzi libukeka liqhakazile, lixhaswe amasu amasha ezinzwa ze-turbidity kanye nokuzibophezela ekulawuleni okusimeme kwemithombo yamanzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, singanikeza izinzwa zekhwalithi yamanzi ezengeziwe