IEmasimini okuqapha amanzi, ukudonsa amanzi emadolobheni, kanye nokuxwayisa ngezikhukhula, ukulinganisa ngokunembile nangokuthembekile ukugeleza eziteshini ezivulekile (njengemifula, imisele yokunisela, kanye namapayipi okudonsa amanzi) kubalulekile. Izindlela zokulinganisa izinga lamanzi zendabuko zivame ukudinga ukuthi izinzwa zicwiliswe emanzini, okwenza zibe sengozini yokulimala okuvela edakeni, udoti, ukugqwala, kanye nomthelela wezikhukhula. Ukuvela kwemitha yokugeleza yeradar yamanzi ehlanganisiwe, enezinzuzo zayo zokungathinti, ukunemba okuphezulu, kanye nemisebenzi eminingi, kulungisa kahle lezi zinselele futhi kuya ngokuya kuba yisisombululo esithandwayo sokuqapha amanzi kwesimanje.
I. Iyini i-“Integrated” Flow Meter?
Igama elithi “okuhlanganisiwe” libhekisela ekuhlanganisweni kwemisebenzi emithathu yokulinganisa eyinhloko ibe yidivayisi eyodwa:
- Ukulinganisa Ijubane: Kusebenzisa isimiso somphumela we-radar Doppler ngokukhipha ama-microwave aye ebusweni bamanzi nokwamukela ama-echoes, kubalwa ijubane lokugeleza kobuso ngokusekelwe ekushintsheni kwemvamisa.
- Ukulinganisa Izinga Lamanzi: Kusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-radar ye-Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW), okulinganisa ngokunembile ibanga ukusuka ku-sensor kuya ebusweni bamanzi ngokubala umehluko wesikhathi phakathi kokudluliselwa kwe-microwave kanye nokwamukelwa, ngaleyo ndlela kutholakale izinga lamanzi.
- Ukubalwa Kwezinga Lokugeleza: Ifakwe iprosesa esebenza kahle kakhulu, ibala ngokuzenzakalelayo amazinga okugeleza asheshayo naqongelelekayo isebenzisa amamodeli e-hydraulic (isb., indlela yejubane-indawo) ngokusekelwe ekulinganisweni kwesikhathi sangempela kwezinga lamanzi kanye nejubane, kuhlanganiswe nesimo se-cross-sectional channel yangaphambi kokufaka kanye nobukhulu (isb., unxande, i-trapezoidal, i-circular).
II. Izici Eziyinhloko kanye Nezinzuzo
- Ukulinganisa Okungathintani Ngokuphelele
- Isici: Inzwa ilenga ngaphezu kwamanzi ngaphandle kokuxhumana ngqo nomzimba wamanzi.
- Inzuzo: Igwema ngokuphelele izinkinga ezifana nokuqongelela inhlabathi, ukuvaleka kwemfucumfucu, ukugqwala, kanye nokukhuhla, kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokulungisa kanye nokuguguleka kwezinzwa. Ifaneleka kakhulu ezimweni ezinzima njengezikhukhula kanye nendle.
- Ukunemba Okuphezulu Nokuthembeka
- Isici: Ubuchwepheshe be-radar bunikeza amandla aqinile okulwa nokuphazamiseka futhi abuthinteki kakhulu yizici zemvelo ezifana nokushisa, umswakama, kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi. Ukunemba kokulinganisa izinga lamanzi e-radar ye-FMCW kungafinyelela ku-±2mm, ngokulinganisa ijubane okuzinzile.
- Inzuzo: Ihlinzeka ngedatha yamanzi eqhubekayo, ezinzile, nenembile, enikeza isisekelo esithembekile sokwenza izinqumo.
- Ukufakwa Nokunakekelwa Okulula
- Isici: Kudinga ibhulakhethi kuphela (isb., ebhulohweni noma epalini) ukuze kulungiswe inzwa engaphezulu kwesiteshi, ehambisana nesigaba sokulinganisa. Asikho isidingo sezakhiwo zomphakathi njengemithombo yokumisa noma ama-flume.
- Inzuzo: Kwenza kube lula kakhulu ubunjiniyela bokufaka, kunciphisa isikhathi sokwakha, kunciphisa izindleko zomphakathi kanye nezingozi zokufaka. Ukulungiswa kwansuku zonke kuhilela ukugcina ilensi ye-radar ihlanzekile, kunciphisa imizamo yokulungisa.
- Ukusebenza Okuhlanganisiwe, Okuhlakaniphile Nokusebenza Kahle
- Isici: Umklamo "ohlanganisiwe" uthatha indawo yokusethwa kwendabuko kwamadivayisi amaningi njenge-"sensor yezinga lamanzi + inzwa yejubane lokugeleza + iyunithi yokubala ukugeleza."
- Inzuzo: Kwenza kube lula ukwakheka kwesistimu futhi kunciphisa amaphuzu angaba khona okwehluleka. Ama-algorithm akhelwe ngaphakathi enza ngokuzenzakalelayo zonke izibalo futhi adlulisele idatha kude nge-4G/5G, i-LoRa, i-Ethernet, njll., okuvumela ukusebenza okungahleliwe kanye nokuqapha kude.
- Ububanzi Obubanzi Nokusebenza Okubanzi
- Isici: Iyakwazi ukukala kokubili ukugeleza kwesivinini esiphansi kanye nezikhukhula zesivinini esikhulu, kanye nokulinganisa izinga lamanzi okufika kumamitha angu-30 noma ngaphezulu.
- Inzuzo: Ifanelekela ukuqapha isikhathi esigcwele kusukela ezikhathini zesomiso kuya ezinkathini zezikhukhula. Idivayisi ngeke icwiliswe noma yonakale ngenxa yokwenyuka okungazelelwe kwamanzi, okuqinisekisa ukuqoqwa kwedatha okungaphazamiseki.
III. Amacala Okusetshenziswa Ajwayelekile
Icala 1: Isexwayiso Sokudonsa Amanzi Okuhlakaniphile Kwasemadolobheni kanye Nokugawulwa Kwamanzi
- Isimo: Idolobha elikhulu lidinga ukuqapha izinga lamanzi kanye nezinga lokugeleza kwamapayipi amakhulu okukhipha amanzi kanye nemifula ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze liphendule eziphephweni zemvula ezinkulu futhi liqalise ukulawula izikhukhula kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo zokukhipha amanzi ngokushesha.
- Inkinga: Izinzwa ezivamile ezicwiliswe emanzini ziyavaleka noma zonakaliswe kalula yimfucumfucu ngesikhathi sezimvula ezinkulu, futhi ukufakwa nokugcinwa kwazo emithonjeni kunzima futhi kuyingozi.
- Isixazululo: Faka amamitha okugeleza e-radar ahlanganisiwe ezindaweni zokungenisa amapayipi abalulekile kanye nezingxenye zomfula, ezifakwe emabhulohweni noma ezigxotsheni ezinikezelwe.
- Umphumela: Amadivayisi asebenza kahle amahora angu-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto, elayisha idatha yokugeleza ngesikhathi sangempela epulatifomu yokuphathwa kwamanzi ahlakaniphile yedolobha. Lapho amazinga okugeleza ekhuphuka, okubonisa ingozi eyengeziwe yokugcwala kwamanzi, uhlelo lukhipha izixwayiso ngokuzenzakalelayo, lunikeze isikhathi esibalulekile sokuphendula. Ukulinganisa okungathintani kuqinisekisa ukunemba ngisho nasezimweni ezigcwele udoti, kususa isidingo sokuba abasebenzi bangene ezindaweni eziyingozi ukuze balungiswe.
Icala 2: Ukuqapha Ukukhishwa Kokugeleza Kwemvelo Kubunjiniyela Be-Hydraulic
- Isimo: Imithethonqubo yemvelo idinga ukuthi iziteshi zikagesi zamanzi kanye namachibi okugcina amanzi akhiphe “ukugeleza kwemvelo” okuthile ukuze kulondolozwe impilo yomfula ongezansi, okudinga ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kokuthobela imithetho.
- Inkinga: Izindawo zokukhipha izinto zinezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinokugeleza okuphazamisayo, okwenza ukufakwa kwezinsimbi zendabuko kube nzima futhi kube lula ukulimala.
- Isixazululo: Faka amamitha okugeleza e-radar ahlanganisiwe ngaphezu kweziteshi zokukhipha ukuze ulinganise ngqo ijubane kanye nezinga lamanzi lokugeleza okukhishwe.
- Umphumela: Idivayisi ilinganisa ngokunembile idatha yokugeleza engathinteki yi-turbulence kanye ne-splash, ikhiqiza imibiko ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kunikeza ubufakazi obungenakuphikwa bokuthobela imithetho yeziphathimandla zokuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi ngenkathi kugwema ubunzima bokufaka imishini ezindaweni eziyingozi.
Icala 3: Ukulinganiswa Kwamanzi Okunisela Ezolimo
- Isimo: Izindawo ezinkulu zokunisela zidinga ukulinganiswa okunembile kokukhishwa kwamanzi emazingeni ahlukahlukene eziteshi ukuze kukhokhiswe ngokususelwa kumthamo.
- Inkinga: Iziteshi ziqukethe amazinga aphezulu enhlabathi, angagqiba izinzwa zokuthintana. Ukunikezwa kwamandla kanye nokuxhumana kuyinselele.
- Isixazululo: Sebenzisa amamitha okugeleza e-radar ahlanganisiwe asebenza ngamandla elanga afakwe emabhulohweni okulinganisa phezu kweziteshi zepulazi.
- Umphumela: Ukulinganisa okungathintani akunaki izinkinga zenhlabathi, amandla elanga axazulula izinkinga zokuphakelwa kwamandla ensimu, futhi ukudluliswa kwedatha okungenantambo kwenza kube lula ukulinganisa amanzi okunisela ngokuzenzakalela nangokunembile, okukhuthaza ukongiwa kwamanzi nokusetshenziswa kahle.
Icala 4: Ukwakhiwa Kwesiteshi Samanzi Semifula Emincane Nephakathi
- Isimo: Ukwakhiwa kweziteshi zamanzi ezindaweni ezikude emifuleni emincane nephakathi njengengxenye yenethiwekhi kazwelonke yamanzi.
- Inkinga: Izindleko zokwakha eziphakeme kanye nokulungiswa okunzima, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezikhukhula lapho ukulinganisa ukugeleza kwamanzi kuyingozi futhi kuyinselele.
- Isixazululo: Sebenzisa amamitha okugeleza e-radar ahlanganisiwe njengemishini yokulinganisa ukugeleza okuyinhloko, ehambisana nemithombo elula yokumisa (yokulinganisa) kanye nezinhlelo zamandla elanga ukwakha iziteshi zamanzi ezingenabantu.
- Umphumela: Kunciphisa kakhulu ubunzima bobunjiniyela bezakhiwo kanye nezindleko zokwakha iziteshi zamanzi, kwenza kube lula ukuqapha ukugeleza okuzenzakalelayo, kususa izingozi zokuphepha kwabasebenzi ngesikhathi sokulinganisa izikhukhula, futhi kuthuthukisa ukufika ngesikhathi kanye nokuphelela kwedatha yamanzi.
IV. Isifinyezo
Ngezici zayo ezivelele zokusebenza okungathintani, ukuhlanganiswa okuphezulu, ukufakwa okulula, kanye nokugcinwa okuncane, imitha yokugeleza yeradar yamanzi ehlanganisiwe ishintsha izindlela zendabuko zokuqapha ukugeleza kwamanzi. Ibhekana kahle nezinselele zokulinganisa ezimweni ezinzima futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhipheni amanzi emadolobheni, ubunjiniyela be-hydraulic, ukuqapha kwemvelo, ukunisela kwezolimo, kanye neminye imikhakha eminingi. Inikeza ukwesekwa kwedatha okuqinile kanye nokuqinisekiswa kobuchwepheshe kokuphathwa kwamanzi okuhlakaniphile, ukuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi, kanye nokuvimbela izikhukhula kanye nesomiso, okwenza kube ithuluzi elibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuqapha zamanzi zanamuhla.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-02-2025