Isingeniso: Inselele - Okuhlangenwe nakho noma Idatha?
Insimu yezithelo zikamango engamamitha ayi-120 ekhula sekwephuzile yake yabhekana nesimo esibonakala singaxazululeki isikhathi eside: njalo entwasahlobo, "ukuwa okubandayo kwasekugcineni kwentwasahlobo" okungazelelwe kwakuyohlala kubangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kuzo zonke izimbali eziqhakaza engadini yezithelo. Ehlobo, imvula engalingani kanye nemimoya eshisayo neyomile kuvame ukwenza izithelo zihluke ngobukhulu kanye nekhwalithi. UMaster Wang, umnikazi wensimu yezithelo, ubelokhu ephethe ingadi yezithelo iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu futhi uqoqe ulwazi olucebile. Kodwa-ke, lapho ebhekene nesimo sezulu esingalindelekile endaweni yezintaba, ulwazi lwakhe luvame ukwehluleka. "Ukuzwa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lizokwehla" noma "ukubona ukuthi isimo sezulu asilungile" kwakuyisisekelo esiyinhloko sezinqumo zakhe zangaphambilini zokuvimbela iqhwa nokunisela. Le ndlela yokusebenza, encike ekuqondeni nasekuqapheleni okubambezelekayo, igcina isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yensimu endaweni engazinzile ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ikhono layo lokumelana nezingozi zesimo sezulu libuthakathaka.
Ukuguquka kwakho konke lokhu kwaqala ngesigxobo esimhlophe esibonakala silula esamiswa maphakathi nensimu yezithelo – i-Isiteshi Sezulu Esihlanganisiwe Sezolimo sase-HONDEAkuyona nje into yokubuka isimo sezulu, kodwa futhi iba yisisekelo esihlakaniphile esiqhuba yonke indlela yokusebenza kwensimu yezithelo ukuba isuke “ekuqondisweni kolwazi” iye “ekuqondisweni kwedatha”.
Isahluko Sokuqala: Ukuthunyelwa Kwezindawo Zokulima – Ukuhlomisa Amasimu Ezithelo “Ngezinzwa Zedijithali”
Lesi siteshi sezulu sibekwe endaweni ephakeme kakhulu nemele kakhulu ingadi yezithelo. Izinzwa esizihlanganisayo zifana “nokuphela kwemizwa” okusuka engadini yezithelo:
Inzwa yokushisa nomswakama: Ukubona ngesikhathi sangempela ukubanda nokufudumala, ukoma nomswakama wendawo encane lapho kutholakala khona izimbali, izithelo namaqabunga.
Isivinini somoya kanye nenzwa yokuqondisa: Iqapha indlela kanye namandla emimoya yasezintabeni, okubalulekile ekuhloleni ingozi yesithwathwa kanye nokunquma isikhathi sokufafaza izibulala-zinambuzane.
Isilinganiso semvula yebhakede eligobhozayo: Silinganisa ngokunembile imvula ngayinye, sihlukanise phakathi kwemvula ephumelelayo nemvula engasebenzi.
Inzwa yemisebe yelanga iyonke: Ibala inani eliphelele lamandla okukhanya atholwa yinsimu yezithelo.
Yonke idatha ivumelaniswa ne-Master Wang kanye ne-App yeselula yochwepheshe wezithelo kanye neplatifomu yokuphatha amafu njalo ngemizuzu eyi-10 ngenethiwekhi ye-4G.
Isahluko Sesibili: Ukuguqulwa – Ukwakhiwa Kabusha Kwezindlela Ezine Eziyinhloko Zokusebenza
Ukwakhiwa Kabusha Kwengqondo Kokuqala: Ukuvimbela Nokulawula Iqhwa: Kusukela “Empendulweni Ephuthumayo Engahleliwe” Kuya “Esexwayisweni Sasekuqaleni Esisebenzayo Nokuzivikela Okunembile”
Ingqondo endala: Uma uzulazula engadini ebusuku futhi ukhanyisa ithoshi ku-thermometer, uma izinga lokushisa liseduze no-0℃, kuvame ukuba sekwephuzile ukuqala injini yedizili ngokushesha bese ukhanyisa ijeneretha yentuthu.
Ingqondo entsha: Isiteshi sesimo sezulu siqapha izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sangempela. Lapho isibikezelo sibonisa ukupholisa okukhulu kwemisebe, uchwepheshe usetha u-2.5℃ njengomugqa wesixwayiso wezinga lokuqala. Ngo-3 ekuseni ngosuku oluthile, i-App ithumele isaziso: “Izinga lokushisa lamanje lingu-2.8℃ futhi liyehla njalo. Isivinini somoya singaphansi kuka-1m/s (ngaphansi kwezimo ezizinzile nezizinzile, kanye nengozi enkulu yeqhwa).” Ingadi yezithelo yavula ngokushesha amafeni alwa neqhwa kuyo yonke ingadi ukuze avuse umoya futhi aqale ukushisa amabhlogo entuthu kusengaphambili kumamitha angu-20 endaweni ephansi kakhulu.
Umphumela: Phakathi nale nqubo, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lehle laya ku-0.5℃, kodwa isixwayiso kanye nokungenelela kwathuthukiswa ngemizuzu engama-90. Izibalo zangemva kwesigameko zibonisa ukuthi izinga lokubeka izithelo ezindaweni eziqiniswe kahle liphakeme ngo-35% kunalezo ezindaweni ezingenazo izivikelo ezithuthukisiwe. UMaster Wang uthe, “Esikhathini esidlule, ‘kwakuwukucima imililo’, kodwa manje ‘kuwukuvimbela imililo’.” Idatha isitshela ukuthi umlilo uzoqhuma kuphi.
Ukwakhiwa Kabusha Kwengqondo Kwesibili: Ukuphathwa Kokunisela, kusukela “Kunesikhathi Nokulinganiswa” kuya “Ekudingweni Kwamanzi Okusekelwe Ekuhwamukeni”
Indlela endala yokucabanga: Nisela kabili ngesonto ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe, bese ufaka kanye ngesikhathi sonyaka owomile. Kuvame ukwenzeka ukuthi ngemva kokunisela, lina, noma ngemva kwezinsuku ezishisayo, ezomile nezinomoya, ukunisela akwanele.
I-logic entsha: Uhlelo lubala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuhwamuka kanye nokuphefumula kwezitshalo ezibhekiselwe kuzo ngokusekelwe kudatha yokuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela yokushisa, umswakama, isivinini somoya kanye nemisebe. Ngokusekelwe kuma-coefficients esidingo samanzi sama-mango ezigabeni ezahlukene ze-phenological, kukhiqizwa umbiko othi "Ukusetshenziswa Kwamanzi Kwansuku Zonke Ezindaweni Zezithelo".
Umkhuba: Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezithelo, uhlelo lubonise ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi nsuku zonke kufinyelele kumamilimitha angu-5 izinsuku ezintathu zilandelana, kuyilapho i-probe yomhlabathi ibonise ukuthi okuqukethwe komswakama engqimbeni yezimpande kuyehla. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, uchwepheshe waqala ukunisela ngokuconsa okunembile ukuze alungise ukushoda kwamanzi. Ngaphambi kosuku lokunisela lapho kwakubikezelwa khona imvula ephakathi, uhlelo luphakamise ukuthi, “Libazisa ukunisela. Kulindeleke ukuthi imvula yemvelo ihlangabezane nesidingo.”
Umphumela: Ngemva kwesizini eyodwa yokulima, inani eliphelele lamanzi asetshenziselwa ukunisela engadini yezithelo lilondolozwe ngo-28%, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwandiswa kwezithelo kwakufana, futhi izinga lokuqhekeka lehla kakhulu.
Ukwakhiwa Kabusha Kwengqondo Kwesithathu: Ukulawulwa Kwezifo, kusukela “Ekufuthweni Kwemithi Yokubulala Izinambuzane Okuvamile” kuya “Ekwenzeni Ngokwesimo”
Ingqondo endala: Kuye ngesimo sezulu esizizwa simanzi, noma fafaza ama-fungicide ngezikhathi ezithile (njenganjalo njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-10) ukuvimbela i-anthracnose.
I-logic entsha: Ukuhluma kanye nokutheleleka kwezinhlamvu ze-anthracnose kudinga umswakama oqhubekayo ebusweni beqabunga (ngokuvamile amahora angaphezu kwayi-6) kanye nokushisa okufanelekile. "Isikhathi somswakama weqabunga" singabalwa ngokuhlanganisa idatha yesiteshi sesimo sezulu namamodeli omswakama weqabunga.
Umkhuba: Uhlelo luqophe ukuthi ngemva kwemvula, kuhlanganiswe nendawo enomswakama ophezulu, isikhathi somswakama esilingisiwe samaqabunga sifinyelele emahoreni angu-7.5, kanti izinga lokushisa lalingaphakathi kwendawo yokutheleleka okuphezulu kwezifo phakathi kuka-18 no-25℃. Uhlelo lokusebenza lucindezela: “Isikhathi sefasitela esiyingozi kakhulu sokutheleleka nge-anthracnose sesivele sakhiwe. Kunconywa ukwenza ukufafaza okuvikelayo kungakapheli amahora angu-24.”
Umphumela: Ukuvama kokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kwehle kusuka ezikhathini ezingu-12 esikhathini sokukhula esedlule kuya ezikhathini ezingu-8, futhi konke kwenziwa ngesikhathi esisebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukusabalala kwezifo akuzange kushintshe, futhi izindleko zokulawula kanye nengozi yezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane kwehle ngasikhathi sinye.
Ukwakhiwa Kabusha Kwengqondo Kwesine: Ukuvuna kanye Nokuhlelwa Kwezolimo, Kusukela “Ekubukeni Isimo Sezulu” Kuya “Ekubukeni Idatha”
Ingqondo endala: Nquma isikhathi sokuvuna ngokusekelwe osukwini nombala wesithelo, bese uyeka ukusebenza uma lina.
Ingqondo entsha: Ukukhanya kwesikhathi eside kanye nedatha yokushisa eqoqwe kunikeza inkomba yokubikezela ukuvuthwa kwezithelo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, idatha yesivinini somoya yesikhathi sangempela isibe yimvume yokuphepha kwezolimo zangaphandle, ikakhulukazi uma kusetshenziswa amapulatifomu omsebenzi wasemoyeni ukuvuna. Bonke abasebenzi kumele baqinisekise ukuthi isivinini somoya sesikhathi sangempela kuhlelo lokusebenza singaphansi komkhawulo wokuphepha (njengomoya ongaphansi kwezinga lesi-4) ngaphambi kokwenza imisebenzi yokuphakama okuphezulu.
Umphumela: Ukuphepha kwezolimo kuqinisekisiwe, futhi uhlelo lokuvuna lungahlelwa ngendlela eguquguqukayo nephumelelayo ngokwesikhathi esiqondile sesimo sezulu, kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesikhathi sokungasebenzi okubangelwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu okungazelelwe.
Isahluko Sesithathu: Ukusebenza Kahle – Ukwenyuka Kwenani Okulinganiselwe
Ngemva kokuphela komjikelezo wokukhula ophelele, idatha inikeza impendulo ecacile:
1. Ukuvimbela inhlekelele kanye nokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa: Ukulahlekelwa okuqondile kokukhiqiza okubangelwa yinhlekelele yesithwathwa sasentwasahlobo kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuncishiswe ngo-70%.
2. Ukongiwa kwemithombo: Amanzi okunisela agcinwa ngo-28%, kanti izindleko zizonke zezibulala-zinambuzane zincishiswa ngo-25%.
3. Ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi kanye nomkhiqizo: Izinga lezithelo ezisezingeni eliphezulu (kufaka phakathi isisindo sezithelo esisodwa, okuqukethwe ushukela, kanye nokubukeka okuhlangabezana nezindinganiso) likhuphuke ngo-15%, kanti inani lomkhiqizo lilonke lensimu yezithelo likhuphuke cishe ngo-20%.
4. Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kokuphatha: Ochwepheshe kanye nabasebenzi bakhululwa ekugadweni njalo nokungaqiniseki kwengadi kanye nezimpendulo eziphuthumayo, okwenza amalungiselelo omsebenzi ahlelwe kakhudlwana futhi athuthukise umkhiqizo womsebenzi jikelele.
Isiphetho: Kusukela ekuphatheni umhlaba kuya ekuphatheni "i-data ecology"
Indaba yale nsimu yezithelo engama-mu ayikhulu idlulela ngalé kokufakwa kwemishini eyodwa kuphela. Iveza ngokujulile ushintsho kwifilosofi yokusebenza: izinto eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza ezolimo zisuka ezweni futhi zitshale ngokwazo ziye ohlelweni lwedatha oluzimbozayo.
Kulesi simo, isiteshi sezulu se-HONDE asigcini nje ngokudlala indima "yomethuli wesimo sezulu", kodwa kunalokho sisebenza "njengomhumushi wesikhathi sangempela" wesimo sezulu esincane sensimu yezithelo, "umhloli wezibalo" wezidingo zomzimba zezitshalo, kanye "nomprofethi kanye nomhlinzeki wesilumkiso sasekuqaleni" wezingozi zezolimo. Siguqula "isikhathi sasezulwini" esingaqondakali sibe yimiyalelo ehlelekile engagcinwa, ihlaziywe futhi isetshenziswe.
Ukuzindla kukaMaster Wang kwafingqa konke: “Esikhathini esidlule, ngangiphethe le ntaba kanye nalezi zihlahla.” Manje, engikuphatha nsuku zonke yileli “mephu yedatha” efonini yami. Kwangenza ngazizwa sengathi okokuqala “ngikuqonda” ngempela lokho okwakushiwo yinsimu yezithelo. Lokhu akuthathi indawo yesipiliyoni, kodwa kunalokho kuyinika amehlo amabili angabona amamayela ayinkulungwane nezindlebe ezingalandela umoya.
Leli cala libonisa ukuthi ezivandeni zezitshalo zanamuhla, ukutshala imali esiteshini sezulu sezolimo empeleni kuwukutshala imali ohlelweni lokwenza izinqumo oluguqula ukungaqiniseki kwesimo sezulu kube ukuqiniseka kokusebenza. Akuzange kushintshe nje kuphela imisebenzi embalwa yezolimo, kodwa futhi nesimo sengqondo kanye nokuqonda kohlelo lonke lokukhiqiza maqondana nemvelo - kusukela kumamukeli ongenzi lutho kanye noqagelayo kuya kumqapheli osebenzayo kanye nomhleli. Ngokuphambene nokuqina kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, lokhu kunemba nokuqina okusekelwe kudatha kuba ukuncintisana okuyinhloko kwezolimo zanamuhla.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-25-2025