Esigabeni esibucayi lapho ezolimo zanamuhla ziqhubekela phambili ekuqondeni nasekuthuthukisweni okusimeme, izici zemvelo zokukhula kwezitshalo azisekho ezingeni lokushisa elivamile, ukukhanya, amanzi kanye nomoya. Izinto ezixutshwe (PM2.5/PM10) emkhathini, njengohlobo olusha lokuguquguquka kwemvelo oluthinta i-physiology yezitshalo, ukusabalala kwezinambuzane nezifo, kanye nokuphepha kwemikhiqizo yezolimo, kuthola ukunakwa okungakaze kubonwe. Inkampani ye-HONDE yethule ngenkuthalo isiteshi sezulu sezolimo esihlakaniphile se-Agri-Air, okokuqala ngqa esihlanganisa ngokungenamthungo izilinganiso ezintathu ezinkulu zemvelo: izinga lokushisa lomoya kanye nomswakama, ukuhlushwa kwe-PM2.5/PM10, kanye nokukhanya kwelanga kube yinto eyodwa, kwakha uhlelo oluphelele lokuqapha kanye nokusekela izinqumo kwezolimo zanamuhla kusukela "esimweni sezulu" kuya "esimweni somkhathi".
I. Ukusungula Izinto Ezintsha Kwezobuchwepheshe: Ukuhlanganiswa Kombono Wezemvelo KuZiqu-zintathu
Isiteshi sesimo sezulu siphule ububanzi bendabuko beziteshi zesimo sezulu zezolimo futhi sathola ukuqonda ngokubambisana ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa ama-sensor amaningi.
Ingqikithi yesimo sezulu enembile kakhulu: Ukuqapha izinga lokushisa lomoya kanye nomswakama ukuze kuqondwe izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama ukuze kutholakale ukuphefumula kwezitshalo kanye nokuvela kwezifo.
Iyunithi yokuqapha ukukhanya yobungcweti: Ilinganisa ngokunembile imisebe esebenzayo nge-photosynthetically (PAR) kanye nemisebe iyonke, ilinganisa "ukudla kwamandla okukhanya" kwezitshalo.
Imodyuli yokuqapha izinto eziyingxenye yezolimo: Isebenzisa isimiso sokusabalala kwe-laser, iqapha ngokunembile ukugcwala kwe-PM2.5 kanye ne-PM10, ihlinzeka ngemininingwane eqondile yokuhlola izingozi "zokubekwa komoya" kanye "nezifo ezithwalwa emoyeni".
Ii. Inani Eliyinhloko Lokusebenza: Kusukela Ekuthuthukiseni Ukukhula Kuya Ekuvimbeleni Nokulawula Ingozi
Ukuphathwa okuhlelekile kokukhanya, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama
Le mishini inikeza ukwesekwa okuyisisekelo okusekelwe kudatha yemvelo kwezindawo zokugcina izitshalo ezihlakaniphile kanye nokutshalwa kwezitshalo ezinenani eliphezulu emoyeni ovulekile.
Ukukhanya okungeziwe okuhlakaniphile kanye nomthunzi: Ngokusekelwe kumanani e-PAR esikhathi sangempela, ingaxhumanisa izibani ezengeziwe noma amanethi omthunzi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zithola amandla okukhanya angcono kakhulu ezinsukwini zemvula noma ebusika, futhi igweme ukucindezelwa kokukhanya ngesikhathi sokukhanya okunamandla ehlobo.
Ukulawulwa okunembile kwemvelo: Ngokusekelwe kudatha yokushisa nomswakama, izinhlelo zokungenisa umoya, ukufiphaza noma zokushisa zilawulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze kudalwe i-microclimate efaneleke kakhulu yokukhula kwezitshalo, okulindeleke ukuthi kwandiswe umkhiqizo wezolimo zesikhungo ngo-10-25%.
2. Ukuhlaziywa Komthelela Wezolimo kanye Nokuphendula Kwezinto Ezincane (PM2.5/PM10)
Lokhu kungumnikelo oguqukayo ohlelweni lwezolimo, osetshenziswa kakhulu ku:
Ukuhlolwa komthelela we-Photosynthesis kanye nokuhlanzeka kwezitshalo: Ukufakwa kwezinhlayiya ngokweqile kungamboza amaqabunga, kuvale ama-stomata, futhi kuthinte ngqo ukusebenza kahle kwe-photosynthesis. Idatha yokuqapha okuqhubekayo ingalinganisa izinga izigameko zokungcola ezithinta ngalo ukukhula kwezitshalo futhi iqondise ukwamukelwa kwezinyathelo zokulungisa njengokufafaza nokuhlanza.
Ukuhlolwa kwengozi yokudluliswa kwezifo emoyeni: Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ama-spores athile e-pathogen ezitshalweni anganamathela ezintweni ezincane futhi asakazeke amabanga amade. Ukuqapha ukuguquguquka kokuhlushwa kwezinto ezincane, kuhlanganiswe nedatha yesiqondiso somoya, kungasebenza njengesibonakaliso esiwusizo sokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi ngokusabalala kwezifo ezithile esifundeni (njengokugqwala kanye nesikhunta esimpunga).
Ukuphepha komkhiqizo wezolimo kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi: Ezitshalweni ezifana netiye nemifino evame ukungcoliswa uthuli, idatha yokuqapha ingasiza ekuhleleni ukuvunwa ngaphambi kokufika kokungcola okukhulu noma ukuhlola isidingo sokuhlanzwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kanye nenani lemikhiqizo yezolimo kwezentengiselwano.
3. Ukukhiqizwa okuluhlaza okuqhutshwa idatha kanye nokulandeleka
Uhlelo lukhiqiza ifayela eliphelele lezemvelo elihlanganisa ikhwalithi yomoya, oluhlinzeka ngokusekelwa kwedatha okungenakuguqulwa kokwakha uhlobo lomkhiqizo wezolimo osezingeni eliphezulu "oluhlaza futhi ohlanzekile". Le datha ingasetshenziswa ku:
Amarekhodi ezolimo anembile: Afakazela ukuthi yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza yenziwe endaweni enhle kakhulu enomoya.
Ukubhekana nezinkinga zemvelo: Uma kwenzeka izehlakalo zokungcoliswa komoya okungazelelwe (njengeziphepho zesihlabathi nothuli lwezimboni), nikeza ubufakazi obuqondile bezemvelo ukuze uhlole ukulahlekelwa futhi uqondise izimangalo zomshuwalense.
Iii. Izinzuzo Zesistimu kanye Nemisebenzi Ehlakaniphile
Umklamo ohlanganisiwe ohlangene: Ukuvikelwa kwezinga lezimboni (IP65), ukunikezwa kwamandla elanga, ukudluliselwa okungenantambo (4G/LoRa), ukuthunyelwa okuguquguqukayo, okulungele izimo ezahlukahlukene njengezindawo zamapulazi, izivande zezithelo, kanye nezingadi zetiye.
Ipulatifomu Yesexwayiso Sasekuqaleni Ehlakaniphile: Abasebenzisi bangenza ngezifiso imithetho ye-alamu epulatifomu yamafu ye-HONDE. Isibonelo: “Uma i-PM10 ingaphezu kuka-150μg/m³ amahora amabili alandelanayo futhi isivinini somoya singaphansi kuka-2m/s, thumela i-alamu ethi ‘Ingozi Ephakeme Yokuthulisa Uthuli’”, noma “Uma ukukhanya kuphansi kunephuzu lokunciphisa ukukhanya kwezitshalo futhi lina njalo, shesha ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe”.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha ejulile: Idatha yemvelo ingaxhunyaniswa nezinzwa zenhlabathi kanye nedatha yesistimu yokunisela ukuze kwakhiwe imodeli yedijithali ehlanganisiwe ephelele "yesikhala-umhlaba-umoya" yezwe lokulima.
Iv. Icala Elingokomlando: Ubuchwepheshe Buvikela Ezolimo Ezihlanzekile
Esizindeni esithile sokukhiqiza imifino yemvelo esisezingeni eliphezulu, isiteshi sezulu se-HONDE smart agricultural meteorological sibekwe endaweni yokutshala eyinhloko. Ngokuqapha ikota yokukhiqiza, umphathi uthole ukuthi:
Endaweni lapho umoya uvunguza khona, lapho ukugcwala kwe-PM2.5 ngemuva kukhuphuka, izinga lokunamathela kokungcola ebusweni bemifino enamaqabunga kule ndawo liphakeme kakhulu kunalelo elisendaweni enomoya ovunguzayo.
Ngesikhathi sezulu esinesihlabathi nothuli entwasahlobo, ukugcwala kwe-PM10 kwanda kakhulu. Uhlelo lwakhipha i-alamu ngokushesha, futhi isisekelo saqala ngokushesha umsebenzi wokuhlanza i-sprayler egcwele ingadi.
Ngokusekelwe kudatha, balungise izinhlelo zokutshala zezindawo ezahlukene (bebeka imifino enamaqabunga evame ukungcoliswa kakhulu endaweni evunguzayo) futhi basungula izinqubo zokusebenza eziphuthumayo zesimo sezulu esingcolile. Lesi sinyathelo sinciphise izindleko zokuhlanza imifino ngemva kokuvunwa cishe ngo-15%, futhi izinga lezikhalazo ezivela kumakhasimende mayelana nokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo lehle laya cishe ku-zero, okuthuthukisa kakhulu idumela lomkhiqizo.
Isiphetho
Ukuzalwa kwesiteshi sezulu sezolimo esihlakaniphile se-HONDE kuphawula inkathi entsha sha futhi ebheke phambili ekuphathweni kwemvelo yokukhiqiza kwezolimo. Akuyona nje ithuluzi lokuqapha, kodwa futhi yindawo ehlakaniphile yezolimo ehlanganisa imisebenzi "ye-climate optimizer", "isikhulu sokuxwayisa izifo kusenesikhathi" kanye "nomnakekeli wekhwalithi". Ezweni lanamuhla lapho izinselele zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokungcola kwemvelo zikhona khona, kunikeza abalimi isikhali sedatha esinamandla sokuhamba ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, bafeze umkhiqizo ohlanzekile, futhi baqinisekise ukuphepha kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yezolimo, baguqule ngempela inzuzo yemvelo "yezintaba eziluhlaza namanzi acwebile" ibe yinani lomkhiqizo kanye nokuncintisana kwemakethe "kwezintaba zegolide nesiliva".
Mayelana ne-HONDE: Njengomholi osungula izinto ezintsha kwezolimo ezihlakaniphile kanye nobuchwepheshe bokubona imvelo, i-HONDE ihlale izibophezele ekuguquleni ubuchwepheshe bokuqapha obusezingeni eliphezulu obuhlanganisa imikhakha ehlukahlukene bube yizixazululo ezisebenzayo ezikhonza umugqa ophambili wokukhiqiza kwezolimo. Sikholelwa ukuthi ukuqonda okujulile nokubanzi ngendawo yokukhula kuyisisekelo sokwakha uhlelo lwezolimo oluzinzile noluqinile esikhathini esizayo.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-08-2025