Namuhla, njengoba ezolimo zishintsha kakhulu kusukela “ebusweni” kuya “ephuzwini”, izithiyo ekuvuneni kwezitshalo, umehluko ekhwalithini, kanye nokuchithwa komanyolo namanzi kuvame ukuvela ekuqondeni kwethu okulinganiselwe “kwe-canteen” yezimpande zezitshalo. Ukuqapha inhlabathi engajulile yendabuko akusakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezolimo zesimanje ezikhiqiza kakhulu, ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezisimeme. Inzwa ye-probe soil multi-parameter ye-HONDE engamasentimitha angu-30 ubude ihlanganisa amakhono okuqapha ahambisanayo azo zonke izinto ezifana nokushisa, umswakama, usawoti (EC), i-pH, ne-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, ne-potassium (NPK). Kufana “ne-probe enembile” efakwe enhlabathini, okuvumela abalimi okokuqala ukuthi babone ngokucacile “imephu yezempilo” ephelele yengqimba yokumunca izakhamzimba eyinhloko yezitshalo.
I. Ukuthuthukiswa Kobuchwepheshe: I-probe eyodwa, ilabhorethri ephelele yesistimu yezimpande
Le probe engamasentimitha angu-30 ubude ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-microelectronics obusezingeni eliphezulu be-HONDE kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuzwa. Inani layo eliyinhloko lisekuhlanganisweni okuphelele kokujula nokuhlanganiswa:
Kujule kakhulu engqimbeni yempande eyinhloko: Njengoba inobubanzi obungamasentimitha angu-30, imboza ngokunembile izindawo eziyinhloko zokusabalala kwezimpande ezisebenzayo zeningi lezitshalo zasensimini (njengommbila, ukolweni, kanye nokotini) kanye nezitshalo zezitshalo (uma kuyisihlahla, amagilebhisi). Idatha yokuqapha ayisekho nje "indawo" engaphezulu, kodwa ikhombisa ngqo isimo sangempela sendawo "yokudla" yezitshalo.
Ukulinganisa okulinganayo kwesikhombisa kokukodwa: Ukufakwa okukodwa, thola izinkomba eziyisi-7 eziyinhloko ngasikhathi sinye
Izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi: Lithinta amandla ezimpande, izinga lokumuncwa kwezakhamzimba kanye nomsebenzi wamagciwane.
Okuqukethwe kwamanzi amaningi: Kubonisa ngqo amanzi atholakalayo ohlelweni lwezimpande futhi kuqondise ukunisela okunembile.
Ukuqhuba kukagesi: Kuchaza inani eliphelele losawoti enhlabathini futhi kuxwayisa ngengozi yosawoti.
I-Ph: Inquma ukutholakala kwezakhamzimba kanye nempilo yezinambuzane zasemhlabathini.
Okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium: Ukuthuthukiswa okuyinhloko, ukuqapha ngqo ukuguquguquka kwezakhamzimba ezitholakalayo, ukufeza "ukudla ngokwemifino nokufaka umquba njengoba kudingeka".
Ii. Izimo Zokusebenza: Kusukela “Kukuphathwa Okungacacile” Kuya “Ekwenzeni Izinqumo Ezisezingeni Le-Pixel”
"Ubuchopho obuhlakaniphile" besistimu yamanzi nomanyolo ehlanganisiwe
Kuhlelo lokunisela ngokuconsa kanye nohlelo lwamanzi nomanyolo oluhlanganisiwe, le sensor iyinsika yokulawula okuvaliwe. Uhlelo lungalungisa ngokuguquguqukayo ivolumu yokunisela kanye nefomula yomanyolo ngokusekelwe kudatha eqashwe ngesikhathi sangempela yomswakama, okuqukethwe usawoti kanye ne-NPK.
Ukongiwa kwamanzi: Ngokugwema ukumuncwa kwezakhamzimba okubangelwa ukunisela ngokweqile, kulinganiselwa ukuthi amanzi angasindiswa ngo-20-35%.
Ukongiwa komanyolo: Kuphela uma i-NPK itholakala ukuthi ingaphansi komkhawulo, okufeza "ukwengeza lokho okushodayo", futhi kulindeleke ukuthi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa komanyolo ngo-15-30%.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi: Ukutholakala okulinganayo kwezakhamzimba kusiza ekuthuthukiseni okuqukethwe ushukela, umbala kanye nokufana kwezithelo.
2. Ukuphathwa kwempilo yomhlabathi kanye nokulungiswa kwezithiyo
Isexwayiso sokuqala sokungalingani kwe-asidi-base: Ukuqapha isikhathi eside izinguquko zenani le-pH kungaqondisa ukusetshenziswa kwezithako zokulungisa inhlabathi lapho ukuthambekela kokuqina kwenhlabathi noma ukwakheka kwe-alkali kuqala ukubonakala, kuvimbele ukuphazamiseka kokudla okunempilo okungenakulungiseka ezitshalweni.
Ukulawulwa kokuswakama kwesibili: Ezolimo zezikhungo kanye nezindawo ezomile, inani le-EC liqashwa ngesikhathi sangempela. Uma selisondele emkhawulweni wokubekezelela izitshalo, uhlelo lukhipha isixwayiso ngokuzenzakalelayo bese luqala inqubo yokuwasha ukuze kuvikelwe uhlelo lwezimpande.
Ukuhlolwa kokuvunda kwenhlabathi: Ngokuqapha isikhathi eside izinguquko ze-NPK zesikhathi nendawo, imephu yokuvunda yensimu idwetshwa ukuze inikeze ukwesekwa kwedatha okuqondile kakhulu kokuhlolwa kwenhlabathi kanye nokufakwa komanyolo wefomula.
3. “Isazi Sezolimo Sedijithali” Sokudala Okunezinzuzo Eziningi
Ukulandeleka komjikelezo wokukhula: Hlanganisa izikhathi ezibalulekile ze-phenological zezitshalo (njengokuhlangana, ukuqhakaza, kanye nokugcwalisa) nedatha ehambisanayo yengqimba yezimpande zomhlabathi (izinga lokushisa, amanzi, kanye nomanyolo), sungula amamodeli akhiqiza kakhulu, bese ufinyelela ukuphindaphindwa kanye nokwenza ngcono kwezinyathelo zezolimo.
Ukusekelwa kwezinqumo zokufaka umanyolo oguquguqukayo: Kuhlanganiswe nemishini yezolimo, inikeza idatha yezakhamzimba yesikhathi sangempela kanye neyangaphakathi edingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe amamephu kadokotela wokufaka umanyolo oguquguqukayo, ivalelisa esiqondisweni "sedatha yomlando" esekelwe ekuthathweni kwesampula yenhlabathi.
Iii. Inani Eliyinhloko: Ukubuyiselwa Okuphindwe Kathathu Okuqhutshwa Yidatha
Izinzuzo zomnotho: Ngokufaka amanzi, umanyolo kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane ngendlela eqondile (ukunciphisa izifo ezibangelwa izimo ezimbi), izindleko zokukhiqiza zincishiswa ngqo. Khulisa imali engenayo yokuthengisa ngokuthuthukisa isivuno sezitshalo kanye nekhwalithi. Isikhathi sokubuyisela imali ngokuvamile siyisizini eyodwa kuya kwezimbili zokulima.
Izinzuzo zemvelo: Kunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kwe-nitrogen ne-phosphorus okubangelwa umanyolo owedlulele, kunciphisa ukungcola komthombo ongeyona iphuzu emanzini angaphansi komhlaba kanye namanzi angaphezulu, futhi kuyithuluzi elibalulekile lokufeza intuthuko yezolimo eluhlaza neqhubekayo.
Izinzuzo zokuphatha: Ukwenza lula ukuphathwa kwenhlabathi okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokudla okunomsoco kwezitshalo kube yizimpendulo zedatha yedeshibhodi kunciphisa ukuthembela kokuhlangenwe nakho okuphezulu futhi kuthuthukisa izinga lokulinganisa kanye nobuhlakani bokuphathwa kwepulazi elikhulu.
Iv. Ukusekelwa Kobuchwepheshe kanye Nobuhlakani Bedatha
Umklamo wokuthembeka: I-probe yenziwe ngezinto ezingagqwali zezinga lezimboni, ezinezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezivalwe ngokuphelele kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-IP68, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile ezindaweni ezimanzi zesikhathi eside nezinothile nge-ion.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuzwa obuthuthukisiwe: Ukulinganiswa kwe-NPK kusekelwe kuma-electrode akhethiwe ama-ion noma izimiso ze-spectral ezithuthukisiwe, futhi kulinganiswa ngenani elikhulu lamasampula enhlabathi ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokulinganisa kuma-matrices enhlabathi ayinkimbinkimbi.
Ipulatifomu ye-Inthanethi Yezinto: Idatha idluliselwa ngaphandle kwentambo kwi-HONDE smart Agriculture cloud Platform nge-4G/NB-IoT, isekela ukuxhumana kwe-multi-probe, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha enkulu, isexwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi, kanye nokuxhumana okuzenzakalelayo nemishini yokunisela/yokufaka umanyolo ehlakaniphile.
V. Ubufakazi Becala
Epulazini elihlakaniphile elingama-mu ayi-1,000 eNyakatho yeShayina Plain, inethiwekhi ye-probe ye-HONDE engamasentimitha angu-30 isetshenziswe ohlelweni lokujikeleza ukolweni wasebusika kuya ehlobo. Ngokusekelwe kudatha yezinzwa, uhlelo lusebenzise ngokunembile ukufakwa komanyolo we-nitrogen owodwa ngesikhathi sesigaba esikhulu somlomo wommbila, lugwema ukufakwa komanyolo okungavamile kwendabuko okungabonakali kwamanyolo amabili. Ukuqhathaniswa komphumela kubonisa ukuthi
Ukusetshenziswa okuphelele komanyolo we-nitrogen kwehle ngo-22%.
Isivuno sommbila sahlala sizinzile, futhi okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni ezinhlamvini kwanda kancane.
Inani elisele le-nitrogen ye-nitrate enhlabathini lehliswe ngo-40%, okwehlisa kakhulu ingozi yokungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Umlimi wathi, “Manje sengiyazi ukuthi yonke imali kamanyolo iya kuphi nokuthi iwumphumela onjani ngempela.”
Isiphetho
Izwe alikwazi ukukhuluma, kodwa idatha ingazikhulumela. I-HONDE engamasentimitha angu-30 ubude, inzwa yomhlabathi enamapharamitha amaningi, iqede ukuqagela "kwamadoda ayizimpumputhe athinta indlovu" ngezwe elingaphansi komhlaba kwezolimo. Iguqula imvelo eyinkimbinkimbi yengqimba yezimpande zezitshalo ibe yimifudlana yedatha ecacile nesebenzayo. Lokhu akuyona nje inzwa; kuyisihluthulelo sokuvula inkathi yokuphathwa kwengqimba yezimpande okunembile. Kuphawula isigaba esisha ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo, lapho ukugxila kushintshe khona "kusuka esimweni sezulu" "nasebusweni" kuya ekuqondeni "umkhathi womhlaba" kanye "nendawo yezimpande", kubeka isisekelo sedatha esiqinile sokufeza ezolimo zesikhathi esizayo ezilondoloza izinsiza, ezinobungani nemvelo, futhi ezikhiqiza kakhulu.
Mayelana ne-HONDE: Njengomholi kwezolimo ze-Internet of Things kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuxilonga inhlabathi yedijithali, i-HONDE izibophezele ekuguquleni yonke indawo yamapulazi ibe yimpahla yedijithali eyaziwayo, elawulekayo futhi elungisekayo ngesisombululo sobuchwepheshe esigcwele "sokubona - ukuqonda - ukwenza izinqumo", okunika amandla ukuguqulwa kwedijithali nokusimeme kwezolimo zomhlaba wonke.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-05-2025