I-Abstract Industrial Industrial and population emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule kube negalelo elibalulekile ekucekeleni phansi kwekhwalithi yamanzi. Amanye amagesi aphuma ezikhungweni zokuhlanza amanzi anobuthi futhi ayasha, okudingeka kubonakale, njenge-hydrogen sulphide, isikhutha, i-methane, ne-carbon monoxide. Izinhlelo zokuqapha izinga lamanzi kumele zithuthukiswe ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zomthetho, ezemvelo, nezenhlalo. Ukuqapha izinga lamanzi kunzima ngenxa yokuhlukahluka, imvelo, kanye nokugcwala okuncane kokungcola okudingeka kubonwe. Igesi ephuma kulezi zinqubo zokwelashwa idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanzeni amanzi, ekuqapheni, nasekulawuleni. Izinzwa zegesi zingasetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokuphepha enqubweni yokuhlanza amanzi. Izinzwa zegesi zithola izimpawu zokufaka kumakhemikhali, ngokomzimba, kanye nesivuseleli sebhayoloji futhi ziziguqule zibe amasignali kagesi. Izinzwa zegesi zingafakwa ezinqubweni ezihlukene zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile. Kulesi sibuyekezo, sethula inqubekelaphambili yesimanjemanje, intuthuko eyingqopha-mlando, kanye nezimpumelelo zobuchwepheshe eziholele ekuthuthukisweni kwezinzwa zegesi zokuhlola ikhwalithi yamanzi. Indima yezinzwa zegesi ekunakekeleni nasekuqaphelweni kwekhwalithi yamanzi kuxoxiswana nayo, futhi abahlaziyi abahlukene kanye nobuchwepheshe bazo bokutholwa nezinto zokuzwa ezichaza izinzuzo zabo kanye nokubi kuye kwafingqwa. Okokugcina, isifinyezo kanye nokubukeka kwezikhombisi-ndlela zesikhathi esizayo zezinzwa zegesi ekuqashweni nasekugcinweni kwekhwalithi yamanzi kunikezwa.
Amagama angukhiye Inzwa yegesi/Izinga lamanzi/Ukwelashwa kwamanzi/Amanzi angcolile/Isidingo komoyampilo wekhemikhali/Isidingo komoyampilo webhayoloji
Isingeniso
Enye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu zemvelo ezibhekene nesintu ukukhula kokungcoliswa kwamanzi emhlabeni wonke ngezinkulungwane zezingxube zemvelo nezimboni. Bekugqame kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva nje ngenxa yokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, izimboni, nokwanda okungazelelwe kwenani labantu. Cishe abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.4 abanawo amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile, okuhlobene nokufa kwabantu abangaphezu kuka-35% emazweni asathuthuka [1]. Igama elithi amanzi angcolile lisetshenziselwa amanzi aqukethe indle yabantu, indlu, imfucuza yezilwane, amafutha, insipho, namakhemikhali. Igama elithi inzwa lisuselwa kwelithi “sentio”, igama lesiLatini elisho ukubona noma ukubona. Inzwa iyidivayisi esetshenziselwa ukuthola umhlaziyi wentshisekelo futhi isabela ebukhoneni bokungcola noma i-analyte ekhona endaweni. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, abantu banezindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokubona ikhwalithi yamanzi zokuhlonza amagciwane, i-organic, kanye namakhemikhali e-inorganic kanye neminye imingcele (isb, i-pH, ukuqina (i-dissolved Ca ne-Mg) kanye ne-turbidity (cloudiness). Izinzwa zisetshenziselwa ukunakekela nokuqapha izinga lamanzi nokuvikela abasebenzisi bamanzi. Lezi zinzwa zingase zibekwe ezindaweni ezifanele, phakathi nendawo, ngaphakathi, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi noma ukwelapha ikhwalithi yamanzi ku-inthanethi. Kulezi zinsuku, ukuqapha kwamanzi nge-inthanethi kuyathandwa ngenxa yokushoda kwezinzwa ezifanele ezingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sangempela ukuqapha ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokuqapha izinga lamanzi. Izinto eziphilayo. Iningi lama-reactor lisebenza ngokusekelwe ezinyathelweni ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, okusho ukuthi amasampula edatha aphansi futhi imiphumela ibambezelekile Kuyisithiyo ekuphathweni ngendlela efanele kwezinhlelo
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-19-2024