Amacala Okufaka Isicelo Senzwa Yegesi eSaudi Arabia

Nasi isifinyezo sezindaba ezifanele kanye nezimo ezijwayelekile ezimayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zegesi e-Saudi Arabia.

Njengendlunkulu yomhlaba wonke yamandla nezimboni, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Saudi Arabia kwezinzwa zegesi kuya ngokuya kusabalala futhi kuhlakaniphe, kuqhutshwa umbono wayo 2030. Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko zigxile kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:

1. Imboni kawoyela, igesi, kanye ne-Petrochemical

Lena indawo yendabuko kakhulu futhi ewumgogodla wezicelo zezinzwa zegesi eSaudi Arabia.

• Icala: Izinkundla zikawoyela ezihlakaniphile kanye nokuphepha kwezitshalo
  • Isendlalelo: I-Saudi Aramco ikhiphe amashumi ezinkulungwane zezinzwa zegesi kuzo zonke izizinda zayo zikawoyela, izindawo zokuhluza, nezindawo zepetrochemical ezweni lonke.
  • Isicelo: Lezi zinzwa zihlale ziqapha ukugxila kwamagesi avuthayo (LEL), i-Hydrogen Sulfidi (H₂S), i-Carbon Monoxide (CO), ne-Oxygen (O₂). Lapho ithola ukuvuza noma ukugxila okuyingozi, isistimu ngokushesha icupha ama-alamu futhi ingavula ngokuzenzakalelayo amasistimu okungenisa umoya noma ivale izingxenye zenqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze kuvinjwe imililo, ukuqhuma, nezigameko zobuthi.
  • Intuthuko Yakamuva: Eminyakeni yamuva, i-Saudi Aramco ibihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-IoT namanethiwekhi wezinzwa zegesi ezingenantambo kumaphrojekthi ayo e-“Smart Oil Fields”, okuvumela ukugcinwa okubikezelwayo nokuqapha okukude kwesikhathi sangempela, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kokusebenza.

2. Ukuphepha Emadolobheni kanye Nokuqapha Imvelo Yomphakathi

Ngokukhula ngokushesha kwamadolobha, isidingo sokuqapha ukuphepha komphakathi kwemvelo siyakhula.

• Icala: Ukuqapha Kwendawo Yomhubhe/Engaphansi Komhlaba e-Riyadh nase-Jeddah
  • Isendlalelo: Amadolobha amakhulu aseSaudi anemigudu yemigwaqo emikhulu, izindawo zokupaka ezingaphansi komhlaba, nezakhiwo ezinkulu zomphakathi (njengenxanxathela yezitolo nezikhumulo zezindiza).
  • Isicelo: Amasistimu okuthola igesi angaguquki afakwe kulezi zindawo ezivalekile noma ezivalekile, ikakhulukazi aqapha i-Carbon Monoxide (CO), i-Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) ekukhishweni kwezimoto, kanye nokugxiliswa kwegesi evuthayo. Uma amazinga edlula izindinganiso, ukungena komoya kuyathuthukiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo nokuphepha komphakathi.
  • Intuthuko Yakamuva: Ngokuqaliswa nokusebenza kohlelo lwe-Riyadh Metro, izinhlelo zokuqapha igesi ngaphakathi kweziteshi ze-metro kanye nemigudu seziphenduke ingqalasizinda yokuphepha ebalulekile.

3. Ukwelashwa Kwamanzi Nokuvikelwa Kwemvelo

ESaudi Arabia engenamanzi, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwenqubo yokuhlanza amanzi.

• Icala: Ukuqapha Igesi Enobuthi Ezikhungweni Zokuhlanza Amanzi Angcolile
  • Isendlalelo: Inqubo yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ikhiqiza amagesi anobuthi neziqhumane njengeHydrogen Sulfide (H₂S), iMethane (CH₄), ne-Ammonia (NH₃).
  • Isicelo: Izikhungo ezinkulu zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile emadolobheni afana ne-Jeddah ne-Dammam zisebenzisa kakhulu izithungatha zegesi ezingaguquki neziphathwayo ukuvikela abasebenzi ezingozini zokuchayeka kanye nokuqapha ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokutholwa kwegesi ye-biogas kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo.
  • Intuthuko Yakamuva: UMnyango Wezemvelo, Amanzi, kanye Nezolimo wase-Saudi Arabia uqinise imithetho yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ezimbonini, okwenze izinkampani ukuthi zifake imishini yokuqapha igesi ethuthuke kakhulu.

4. Umkhakha Wokwakha kanye Nezindawo Zokuhlala

Amaphrojekthi asafufusa "wedolobha elihlakaniphile" aqhuba ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zegesi emkhakheni wezakhamuzi.

• Icala: I-NEOM Future Cities kanye ne-Smart Homes
  • Isendlalelo: Amadolobha amasha esikhathi esizayo asakhiwa e-Saudi Arabia, njenge-NEOM kanye ne-Red Sea Project, agxile ekuhlakanipheni nasekuzinzeni.
  • Isicelo: Kula maphrojekthi, izinzwa zegesi zihlanganiswa ne-Building Automation Systems kanye namakhaya ahlakaniphile:
    • Ukuphepha Kwekhishi: Ukuqapha ukuvuza kwegesi yemvelo.
    • Ukuphepha Kwegaraji: Ukuqapha I-Carbon Monoxide (CO).
    • Ikhwalithi Yomoya Wangaphakathi (IAQ): Ukuqapha I-Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) kanye Nezingxube Ze-Volatile Organic (VOCs), futhi zixhumanise ngokuzenzakalela namasistimu omoya omusha ukuze kulawulwe umoya wasendlini.
  • Intuthuko Yakamuva: Izinto zokuphromotha ze-NEOM zivame ukusho ukusetshenziswa kwamanethiwekhi enzwa athuthukile ukuze kwakheke indawo yokuhlala ephephile, enempilo, nephumelelayo.

Izindaba Zakamuva namathrendi

1. Imithetho Eqinile Yezokuphepha Ezimbonini: Uhulumeni waseSaudi uyaqhubeka nokuqinisa imithetho yokuphepha emsebenzini, egunyaza ukuthi zonke izizinda zezimboni ezibhekene namagesi ayingozi kufanele zihlonyiswe ngemishini yokutholwa kwegesi elinganiswe kahle. Lokhu kukhuthaza ngqo ukukhula kwemakethe yezinzwa zegesi.
2. Ukwenziwa kwasendaweni kanye “Ne-Vision 2030”: Njengengxenye ye-Vision 2030, i-Saudi Arabia ikhuthaza ukwenziwa kwasendaweni kobuchwepheshe. Abakhiqizi abambalwa bamazwe ngamazwe abadumile bamathuluzi okuthola igesi (isb., i-Honeywell, i-MSA) basungule amagatsha noma babambisane nezinkampani zasendaweni e-Saudi Arabia ukuze banikeze izinsizakalo zokuthengisa, zokulinganisa, nezokulungisa, abanye baze bacabangele ukukhiqizwa kwendawo.
3. Ukuthuthukiswa Kobuchwepheshe: Kunoshintsho olusuka kubuchwepheshe be-catalytic bead nezinzwa ze-electrochemical ukuya kubuchwepheshe be-Infrared (IR) obunembe kakhudlwana nobuhlala isikhathi eside kanye ne-Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS), ikakhulukazi ukuqapha igesi ye-hydrocarbon. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa ama-drones afakwe izinzwa zegesi ephathwayo ukuhlola indawo enkulu kanye nokutholwa kokuvuzayo sekuyisicelo esivelayo sezinkampani ezifana ne-Aramco.
4. Ukuvikeleka Komcimbi Omkhulu: Phakathi nemicimbi emikhulu yamazwe ngamazwe yezemidlalo namasiko njengeSikhathi Se-Jeddah kanye Nenkathi ye-Diriyah, abahleli bathumela izindawo zokuqapha igesi yesikhashana ezindaweni nezindawo eziminyene ukuze baphendule ezimeni eziphuthumayo ezingase zibe khona futhi baqinisekise ukuphepha komphakathi.

Isifinyezo

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zegesi eSaudi Arabia kusesikhathini sokuthuthuka nokuthuthukiswa ngokushesha. Abashayeli abakhulu yilaba:

• Isidingo Esingokwemvelo Sezimboni: Isizinda samandla amakhulu nezimboni sihlinzeka ngendawo evundile yezicelo.
• I-National Strategy Push: Ukufudukela emadolobheni, ubuhlakani, kanye nokuthuthukiswa komphakathi ngaphansi kwe-“Vision 2030.”
• Ukuphepha Okunyukile Nokuqwashisa Ngemvelo: Izimfuneko ezikhulayo zokuphepha kwabasebenzi kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
• Isethi ephelele yamaseva nesoftware engenantambo, isekela i-RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN

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