Ingqikithi ye-solar tracker ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele itholakala ekuboneni ngokunembile indawo yelanga kanye nokulungiswa kokushayela. Ngizohlanganisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zayo ezimweni ezahlukene futhi ngichaze kabanzi ngesimiso sayo sokusebenza ngokuningiliziwe kusukela ekuxhumaneni okuthathu okubalulekile: ukutholwa kwezinzwa, ukuhlaziywa kohlelo lokulawula kanye nokwenza izinqumo, kanye nokulungiswa kokudluliselwa kwemishini.
Umgomo wokusebenza we-solar tracker othomathikhi ngokugcwele usekelwe kakhulu ekuqapheni ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokulawula okunembile kwendawo yelanga. Ngokusebenza okuhlelekile kwezinzwa, izinhlelo zokulawula kanye namadivayisi okudlulisa amandla, kufeza ukulandelela kwelanga okuzenzakalelayo, kanje:
Ukutholwa kwesimo selanga: I-solar tracker ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele incike ezinzwa eziningi ukuthola indawo yelanga ngesikhathi sangempela. Ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa ze-photoelectric kanye nezindlela zokubala ikhalenda yezinkanyezi. Izinzwa ze-photoelectric zivame ukwakhiwa ngamaseli amaningi e-photovoltaic asatshalaliswa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kukhanya, amandla okukhanya atholwa yiseli ngayinye ye-photovoltaic ahlukile. Ngokuqhathanisa izimpawu zokukhishwa kwamaseli ahlukene e-photovoltaic, ama-azimuth nama-engeli okuphakama kwelanga anganqunywa. Imithetho yokubala ikhalenda yezinkanyezi isekelwe emithethweni yokuguquka koMhlaba kanye nokujikeleza kweLanga, kuhlanganiswe nolwazi olufana nosuku, isikhathi, nendawo, ukuze kubalwe indawo yethiyori yeLanga esibhakabhakeni ngamamodeli asethwe ngaphambilini ezibalo. Endabeni yeziteshi zamandla elanga ezinkulu, izinzwa zesimo selanga ezinembile kakhulu zinikeza ukwesekwa kwedatha kokulungiswa okulandelayo ngokuqapha ama-engeli e-azimuth kanye nokuphakama kwelanga.
Ukucubungula isignali nokwenza izinqumo zokulawula: Isignali yesikhundla selanga esitholwe yinzwa idluliselwa ohlelweni lokulawula, oluvame ukuba yi-microprocessor ehlanganisiwe noma uhlelo lokulawula ikhompyutha. Uhlelo lokulawula luhlaziya futhi lucubungule izimpawu, luqhathanisa indawo yangempela yelanga etholwe yinzwa ne-Angle yamanje yephaneli ye-photovoltaic noma imishini yokubuka, bese lubala umehluko we-Angle okudingeka ulungiswe. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokusekelwe kusu lokulawula elisethwe ngaphambilini kanye ne-algorithm, imiyalelo yokulawula ehambisanayo iyakhiqizwa ukushayela idivayisi yokudlulisa imishini yokulungisa i-Angle. Ezimweni zokubuka ucwaningo lwesayensi yezinkanyezi, ngemuva kokusetha amapharamitha okubuka ngesofthiwe yekhompyutha, uhlelo lokulawula lungahlaziya ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi lunqume ukuthi lungayilungisa kanjani i-Angle yemishini yokubuka ngokuya ngohlelo olusethwe ngaphambilini.
Ukudluliselwa komshini kanye nokulungiswa kwe-Engela: Imiyalelo ekhishwa uhlelo lokulawula idluliselwa kudivayisi yokudlulisa imishini. Izindlela ezivamile zokudlulisela imishini zifaka phakathi izinduku zokucindezela zikagesi, ama-stepper motors ahlanganiswe namagiya noma izikulufo ze-lead, njll. Lapho ithola imiyalelo, idivayisi yokudlulisa imishini izoshayela ukwesekwa kwephaneli ye-photovoltaic noma ukwesekwa kwemishini yokubuka ukuthi kujikeleze noma kuthambeke njengoba kudingeka, kulungisa iphaneli ye-photovoltaic noma imishini yokubuka ukuthi iqonde ngqo noma ibe kwi-Engela ethile yokukhanya kwelanga. Isibonelo, esimweni sezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ze-greenhouse yezolimo, i-solar tracker ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele ye-axis eyodwa ilungisa i-Engela yamaphaneli e-photovoltaic ngamadivayisi okudlulisa imishini ngokwemiyalelo yesistimu yokulawula, iqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zithola ukukhanya okwanele ngenkathi zithola ukwamukelwa okusebenzayo kwemisebe yelanga.
Impendulo Nokulungiswa: Ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kokulandelela, uhlelo luzophinde lwethule indlela yokuphendula. Izinzwa ze-engeli zivame ukufakwa kumadivayisi okudlulisa amandla ukuze ziqaphe i-engeli yangempela yamaphaneli e-photovoltaic noma imishini yokubuka ngesikhathi sangempela futhi zibuyisele lolu lwazi lwe-engeli ohlelweni lokulawula. Uhlelo lokulawula luqhathanisa i-engeli yangempela ne-engeli eqondiwe. Uma kukhona ukuphambuka, luzokhipha umyalelo wokulungisa futhi ukuze lulungise i-engeli futhi luqinisekise ukunemba kokulandelela. Ngokuthola okuqhubekayo, ukubala, ukulungisa kanye nempendulo, i-solar tracker ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele ingalandelela njalo nangokunembile izinguquko endaweni yelanga.
Icala lokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kukagesi kweziteshi ezinkulu zamandla elanga
(1) Isizinda Sephrojekthi
Isiteshi sikagesi selanga esikhulu esifakwe phansi e-United States sinomthamo ofakiwe wama-megawatts angu-50. Ekuqaleni sasisebenzisa ama-bracket aqinile ukufaka amaphaneli e-photovoltaic. Ngenxa yokungakwazi ukulandela izinguquko endaweni yelanga ngesikhathi sangempela, inani lemisebe yelanga etholwa amaphaneli e-photovoltaic lalilinganiselwe, okwaholela ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhiqiza ugesi okuphansi. Ikakhulukazi ekuseni kakhulu nakusihlwa kakhulu kanye naphakathi nokuguquka kwezinkathi zonyaka, ukulahlekelwa kokukhiqiza ugesi kwakubalulekile. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza ugesi kwesiteshi sikagesi, umqhubi wesiteshi sikagesi unqume ukwethula i-solar tracker ezenzakalelayo.
(2) Izixazululo
Shintsha ama-bracket ephaneli ye-photovoltaic ngamaqoqo ngaphakathi kwesiteshi samandla bese ufaka ama-solar tracker azenzakalelayo ngokugcwele e-dual-axis. Le tracker iqapha ama-azimuth nama-engeli okuphakama kwelanga ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusebenzisa izinzwa zesikhundla selanga ezinembile kakhulu. Ihlanganiswe nesistimu yokulawula ethuthukisiwe, iqhuba i-bracket ukuze ilungise ngokuzenzakalelayo i-Engela yamaphaneli e-photovoltaic, iqinisekise ukuthi amaphaneli e-photovoltaic ahlala eqondene nokukhanya kwelanga. Okwamanje, i-tracker ixhunywe ohlelweni lokuphatha oluhlakaniphile lwesiteshi samandla ukuze kufezwe ukuqapha okude kanye nokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi.
(3) Umphumela Wokusebenza
Ngemva kokufaka i-solar tracker ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla kwesiteshi sikagesi selanga kuthuthukiswe kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwaminyaka yonke kukhuphuke ngo-25% kuya ku-30% uma kuqhathaniswa nangaphambili, kanye nokwenyuka okukhulu kokukhiqizwa kwamandla kwansuku zonke okujwayelekile. Ngezikhathi ezinezimo zokukhanya ezimbi njengezinsuku zasebusika nemvula, inzuzo yokukhiqizwa kwamandla ivelele kakhulu. Imbuyiselo ekutshalweni kwezimali kwesiteshi sikagesi ikhuphuke kakhulu, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi izindleko zokuvuselelwa kwemishini zibuyiswe eminyakeni emi-2 kuya kwemi-3 ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibekiwe.
Icala lokubekwa okunembile kokubonwa kocwaningo lwesayensi yezinkanyezi
(1) Isizinda Sephrojekthi
Ngesikhathi isikhungo esithile socwaningo lwezinkanyezi eRussia senza ucwaningo lokubuka ilanga, ukulungiswa kwendabuko kwemishini yokubuka ngesandla akukwazanga ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sokulandelela nokubuka ilanga okunembile kakhulu nesikhathi eside, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola idatha yelanga eqhubekayo nenembile. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga locwaningo lwesayensi nokubuka, isikhungo sinqume ukusebenzisa ama-solar tracker azenzakalelayo ngokuphelele ukusiza ekubukeni.
(2) Izixazululo
Kukhethwa i-solar tracker enembile ngokuphelele ezenzakalelayo eyenzelwe ucwaningo lwesayensi. Ukunemba kokubeka kwale tracker kungafinyelela ku-0.1°, futhi inamandla aphezulu okuqina kanye nokulwa nokuphazamiseka. I-tracker ixhunywe ngokuqinile futhi ilinganiswe kahle ngemishini yokubuka yocwaningo lwesayensi efana nama-telescope elanga nama-spectrometer. Amapharamitha okubuka asethwa ngesofthiwe yekhompyutha, okwenza i-tracker ikwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo i-Engela yemishini yokubuka ngokuya ngohlelo oluhleliwe futhi ilandelele umkhondo welanga ngesikhathi sangempela.
(3) Umphumela Wokusebenza
Ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwe-solar tracker ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele, abacwaningi bangafinyelela kalula ukulandelela nokubuka ilanga isikhathi eside nangokunembile okuphezulu. Ukuqhubeka nokunemba kwedatha yokubuka kuthuthukiswe kakhulu, kunciphisa ngempumelelo ukulahleka kwedatha kanye namaphutha abangelwa ukulungiswa kwemishini ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngosizo lwale tracker, ithimba locwaningo lithole ngempumelelo idatha eminingi yomsebenzi welanga futhi lathola imiphumela eminingi ebalulekile yocwaningo lwesayensi emikhakheni efana nocwaningo lwe-sunspot kanye nokubuka kwe-coronal.
Icala lokubambisana kokuthuthukisa izinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zezolimo
(1) Isizinda Sephrojekthi
Ku-greenhouse ethile yezolimo ehlanganisiwe ye-photovoltaic eBrazil, amaphaneli e-photovoltaic afakwa ngendlela engaguquki. Ngenkathi ihlangabezana nesidingo sokukhanya kwezitshalo ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse, ayikwazi ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ngokugcwele ekukhiqizeni ugesi. Ukuze kufezwe ukulungiswa okuhlelekile kokukhiqizwa kwezolimo kanye nokukhiqizwa kukagesi we-photovoltaic nokwandisa imali engenayo ephelele yezindawo zokugcina ugesi, umqhubi unqume ukufaka ama-solar tracker azenzakalelayo ngokuphelele.
(2) Izixazululo
Faka i-solar tracker ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele ene-axis eyodwa. Le tracker ingalungisa i-Engela yamaphaneli e-photovoltaic ngokuya ngesimo selanga. Ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ubude kanye namandla okukhanya kwelanga kwezitshalo ezingaphakathi kwe-greenhouse, ingathola imisebe yelanga ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu. Ngohlelo lokulawula oluhlakaniphile, ububanzi bokulungiswa kwe-Engela yamaphaneli e-photovoltaic bungabekwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhanya kwelanga ngokweqile okuvimbe amaphaneli e-photovoltaic ukuthi kungathinti ukukhula kwezitshalo. Okwamanje, i-tracker ixhunywe nohlelo lokuqapha imvelo lwe-greenhouse ukuze kulungiswe i-Engela yamaphaneli e-photovoltaic ngesikhathi sangempela ngokuya ngezidingo zokukhula kwezitshalo.
(3) Umphumela Wokusebenza
Ngemva kokufaka i-solar tracker ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic ezindlini zokugcina izitshalo zezolimo kukhuphuke cishe ngo-20%, kufinyelela ekusetshenzisweni kahle kwemithombo yamandla elanga ngaphandle kokuthinta ukukhula okuvamile kwezitshalo. Izitshalo ezindlini zokugcina izitshalo zikhula kahle ngenxa yezimo zokukhanya ezifanayo, futhi kokubili isivuno kanye nekhwalithi kuthuthukile. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezolimo kanye nemboni ye-photovoltaic kuyamangalisa, futhi imali engenayo iyonke yezindawo zokugcina izitshalo ikhuphuke ngo-15% kuya ku-20% uma kuqhathaniswa nangaphambili.
Amacala angenhla abonisa impumelelo yokusetshenziswa kwe-solar trackers ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele emikhakheni ehlukene. Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngamacala athile noma uneziqondiso zokuguqulwa kokuqukethwe, sicela ukhululeke ukungitshela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-18-2025