Njengoba ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu embulungeni yonke kuya ngokushuba, imvamisa namandla okushiswa kwehlathi kuyaqhubeka ukwanda, kube usongo olukhulu endaweni ezungezile yemvelo nasemphakathini wesintu. Ukuze iphendule ngempumelelo le nselele, i-United States Forest Service (USFS) ikhiphe inethiwekhi ethuthukisiwe yeziteshi zezulu zomlilo wamahlathi. Lezi ziteshi zesimo sezulu zisiza ukubikezela nokusabela ekusha kwehlathi ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, njengoba kuchazwe ngezansi:
1. Ukuqapha idatha yesimo sezulu ngesikhathi sangempela
Umsebenzi oyinhloko weziteshi zezulu zomlilo wehlathi ukuqapha imingcele ebalulekile yesimo sezulu ngesikhathi sangempela, okuhlanganisa:
Izinga lokushisa nomswakama: Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomswakama ophansi yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko zokusha kwehlathi. Ngokuqhubeka nokuqapha amazinga okushisa nomswakama, iziteshi zesimo sezulu zingathola ngokushesha izikhathi zengozi yomlilo
Isivinini somoya nesiqondiso: Umoya uyisici esibalulekile esithinta isivinini sokusabalala komlilo. Iziteshi zesimo sezulu zingakwazi ukuqapha isivinini somoya nesiqondiso ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze zisize ukubikezela indlela nesivinini sokusabalala komlilo.
Imvula nokuswakama kwenhlabathi: Ukuna nokuswakama kwenhlabathi kuthinta ngokuqondile ukoma kwezitshalo. Ngokuqapha le datha, iziteshi zesimo sezulu zingahlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini kanye namandla okuba khona kwemililo.
Le datha yesikhathi sangempela idluliselwa ku-National Fire Prediction Center (NFPC) ngesathelayithi namanethiwekhi aphansi, ihlinzeka ngesisekelo esibalulekile sezixwayiso zomlilo.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwengozi yomlilo kanye nesixwayiso kusenesikhathi
Ngokusekelwe kudatha eqoqwe isiteshi sesimo sezulu, i-National Fire Prediction Center iyakwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwengozi yomlilo futhi ikhiphe ulwazi lwesixwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi oluhambisanayo. Izinyathelo eziqondile zimi kanje:
Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha nokumodela: Kusetshenziswa ama-algorithms athuthukile namamodeli, hlaziya idatha yesimo sezulu ukuze uhlole ukuthi kungenzeka yini kanye nomthelela ongaba khona womlilo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinga lengozi: Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlaziya, ingozi yomlilo ihlukaniswe ngamaleveli ahlukene, njengengozi ephansi, emaphakathi, ephezulu, kanye nephezulu kakhulu.
Ukukhishwa kwemali etholwayo: Ngokwezinga lengozi, ukukhishwa kwesexwayiso somlilo okufika ngesikhathi ukuze kukhumbuze iminyango efanele kanye nomphakathi ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Isibonelo, ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu zokushisa okuphezulu, umswakama ophansi nomoya onamandla, isikhungo sokuxwayisa sangaphambi kwesikhathi singase sikhiphe isixwayiso esiyingozi kakhulu, seluleka izakhamuzi ukuba zigweme imisebenzi yangaphandle ezindaweni zasehlathini futhi ziqinise izinyathelo zokuvimbela umlilo.
3. Ukulingisa ukusabalala komlilo nokubikezela kwendlela
Idatha evela esiteshini sesimo sezulu ayisetshenziselwa kuphela isexwayiso sokuqala komlilo, kodwa futhi nokulingisa ukusabalala komlilo nokubikezela kwendlela. Ngokuhlanganisa idatha ye-meteorological kanye ne-geographic information systems (GIS), abacwaningi bangakwazi:
Lingisa ukusabalala komlilo: Sebenzisa amamodeli ekhompuyutha ukulingisa indlela yokusabalalisa nesivinini somlilo ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezihlukene.
Ukubikezela izindawo ezikhahlamezwe umlilo: Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokulingisa, ukubikezela izindawo ezingase zithintwe imililo kusiza ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusabela eziphuthumayo ezisebenza kangcono.
Isibonelo, ngemva kokuqubuka komlilo, idatha evela eziteshini zesimo sezulu ingase isetshenziselwe ukubuyekeza amamodeli okusabalalisa umlilo ngesikhathi sangempela, kusize iminyango yezomlilo ukuthi ikhiphe izinsiza nabasebenzi ngokunembe kakhudlwana.
4. Ukusabela okuphuthumayo kanye nokwabiwa kwezinsiza
Idatha yesimo sezulu ehlinzekwa iziteshi zesimo sezulu ibalulekile ekuphenduleni izimo eziphuthumayo kanye nokwabiwa kwezinsiza:
Ukwabiwa kwensiza yomlilo: Ngokusekelwe ezingozini zomlilo nezindlela ezisabalele, iminyango yezicishamlilo ingakwazi ukwaba izicishamlilo nezinto zokusebenza, njengamaloli ezicishamlilo nezindiza ezicisha umlilo.
Ukukhishwa kanye nokuhlaliswa kabusha kwabasebenzi: Lapho umlilo usongela indawo yokuhlala, idatha evela eziteshini zesimo sezulu ingasiza ekunqumeni imizila engcono kakhulu yokuphuma kanye nezindawo zokuhlaliswa kabusha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwezakhamuzi.
Ukwesekwa Kokusebenza: Idatha yesimo sezulu ingase isetshenziselwe ukwesekwa kwezinto ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izicishamlilo nemishini isebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokucisha umlilo.
5. Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokubuyiselwa
Ngokungeziwe ekuvimbeleni umlilo kanye nokusabela, idatha evela eziteshini zesimo sezulu nayo isetshenziselwa ukuvikela imvelo nokubuyisela:
Ukuhlolwa komthelela wemvelo: Ngokuhlaziya idatha yesimo sezulu, abacwaningi bangahlola umthelela wesikhathi eside wemililo kuzinhlelo zemvelo futhi bathuthukise izinhlelo ezihambisanayo zokubuyisela imvelo.
Ukuphathwa kwezitshalo: Idatha yesimo sezulu ingasiza ekuthuthukiseni amasu okulawula izimila, njengokulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo ezivuthayo nokunciphisa amathuba okuba nomlilo.
Ucwaningo lokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu: Ukuqoqwa kwedatha yesikhathi eside yezezulu kanye nokuhlaziywa kungasiza ukutadisha umthelela wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ku-ecosystem yehlathi futhi kunikeze isisekelo sokwenza izindlela zokuvikela ezisebenza ngempumelelo.
6. Ukubambisana komphakathi kanye nokufundisa umphakathi
Idatha evela esiteshini sezulu iphinde isetshenziselwe ukusekela ukubambisana komphakathi kanye nemfundo yomphakathi:
Ukuqeqeshwa komphakathi ngokuvimbela umlilo: Ngokusebenzisa idatha yesimo sezulu, ukuqeqeshwa komphakathi mayelana nokuvimbela umlilo kwenziwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqwashisa kwezakhamuzi ngokuvikela umlilo kanye namakhono.
Uhlelo lwesexwayiso somphakathi: Ngemigudu ehlukahlukene, njengezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula nezinkundla zokuxhumana, ulwazi lwesexwayiso somlilo ludedelwa ngokushesha emphakathini ukuze lukhumbuze izakhamuzi ukuthi zithathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Ukubamba iqhaza kwamavolontiya: Amavolontiya omphakathi akhuthazwa ukuba abambe iqhaza emsebenzini wokuvimbela umlilo, njengokusiza ukuthutha nokuhlinzeka ngosizo lokuhlelwa kwempahla, ukuthuthukisa amakhono omphakathi okuvimbela umlilo.
Isiphetho
Iziteshi zezulu zokuvimbela umlilo emahlathini zidlala indima ebalulekile ekubikezeleni nasekuphenduleni umlilo wamahlathi ngokuqapha idatha yesimo sezulu ngesikhathi sangempela, ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwengozi yomlilo, ukulingisa izindlela zokusabalalisa umlilo, nokusiza ekuphenduleni izimo eziphuthumayo kanye nokwabiwa kwezinsiza. Lezi ziteshi zesimo sezulu azigcini nje ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvimbela umlilo kanye nokusabela, kodwa futhi zinikeza ukusekelwa okubalulekile kokuvikelwa kwemvelo nokuphepha komphakathi.
Ngokumelene nesizinda sokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nezinhlekelele zemvelo ezivamile, ukusetshenziswa kweziteshi zezulu zomlilo wehlathi ngokungangabazeki kunikeze imibono emisha nezixazululo zokuvikela amahlathi emhlabeni wonke. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokujula kokubambisana, umsebenzi wokuvimbela umlilo wehlathi uzoba ngezesayensi futhi usebenze kahle, ube nesandla ekugcwalisekeni kokuhlalisana okuvumelanayo phakathi komuntu nemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-24-2025