Njengoba ushintsho lwesimo sezulu emhlabeni lukhula, ukuvama kanye nokuqina kwemililo yamahlathi kuyaqhubeka nokukhula, okubeka usongo olukhulu endaweni ezungezile kanye nomphakathi wabantu. Ukuze iphendule ngempumelelo le nselele, i-United States Forest Service (USFS) ithumele inethiwekhi ethuthukisiwe yeziteshi zesimo sezulu somlilo wamahlathi. Lezi ziteshi zesimo sezulu zisiza ukubikezela nokuphendula imililo yamahlathi ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, njengoba kuchaziwe ngezansi:
1. Ukuqapha idatha yesimo sezulu ngesikhathi sangempela
Umsebenzi oyinhloko weziteshi zesimo sezulu somlilo wehlathi ukuqapha imingcele ebalulekile yesimo sezulu ngesikhathi sangempela, okuhlanganisa:
Izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama: Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomswakama ophansi yizona zinto ezibangela imililo yamahlathi. Ngokuqhubeka nokuqapha izinguquko zokushisa kanye nomswakama, iziteshi zezulu zingabona ngokushesha izikhathi zobungozi obukhulu bomlilo.
Isivinini somoya kanye nesiqondiso: Umoya uyisici esibalulekile esithinta isivinini sokusabalala komlilo. Iziteshi zezulu zingaqapha isivinini somoya kanye nesiqondiso ngesikhathi sangempela ukusiza ukubikezela indlela kanye nesivinini sokusabalala komlilo.
Ukuna kanye nomswakama wenhlabathi: Ukuna kanye nomswakama wenhlabathi kuthinta ngqo ukoma kwezitshalo. Ngokuqapha lolu lwazi, iziteshi zezulu zingahlola amathuba kanye nobukhulu bomlilo.
Le datha yesikhathi sangempela idluliselwa eNational Fire Prediction Center (NFPC) ngamanethiwekhi esathelayithi nasemhlabeni, okunikeza isisekelo esibalulekile sezixwayiso zomlilo.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwengozi yomlilo kanye nesixwayiso kusenesikhathi
Ngokusekelwe kudatha eqoqwe yisiteshi sesimo sezulu, iNational Fire Prediction Center iyakwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwengozi yomlilo nokukhipha ulwazi oluhambisanayo lwesixwayiso kusenesikhathi. Izinyathelo ezithile yilezi ezilandelayo:
Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha kanye nokwakheka: Usebenzisa ama-algorithms namamodeli athuthukile, hlaziya idatha yesimo sezulu ukuze uhlole ukuthi kungenzeka yini kanye nomthelela ongaba khona womlilo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinga lengozi: Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlaziya, ingozi yomlilo ihlukaniswe amazinga ahlukene, njengengozi ephansi, ephakathi, ephezulu, kanye nengozi ephezulu kakhulu.
Ukukhululwa kwemali engenayo: Ngokwezinga lengozi, ulwazi lwesexwayiso sokukhululwa komlilo ngesikhathi esifanele ukukhumbuza iminyango efanele kanye nomphakathi ukuthi bathathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Isibonelo, ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu zokushisa okuphezulu, umswakama ophansi kanye nomoya onamandla, isikhungo sokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi singase sikhiphe isexwayiso esinobungozi obukhulu, seluleka izakhamuzi ukuthi zigweme imisebenzi yangaphandle ezindaweni zamahlathi futhi ziqinise izindlela zokuvimbela umlilo.
3. Ukulingisa ukusabalala komlilo kanye nokubikezela indlela
Idatha evela esiteshini sesimo sezulu ayisetshenziselwa nje kuphela ukuxwayisa ngomlilo kusenesikhathi, kodwa futhi nokulingisa ukusabalala komlilo kanye nokubikezela indlela. Ngokuhlanganisa idatha yesimo sezulu kanye nezinhlelo zolwazi lwendawo (GIS), abacwaningi bangenza okulandelayo:
Lingisa ukusabalala komlilo: Sebenzisa amamodeli ekhompyutha ukuze ulingise indlela yokusabalala kanye nesivinini somlilo ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezahlukene.
Ukubikezela izindawo ezithintekile emlilweni: Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokulingisa, ukubikezela izindawo ezingase zithinteke emlilweni kusiza ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokusabela eziphuthumayo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Isibonelo, ngemva komlilo, idatha evela eziteshini zesimo sezulu ingasetshenziswa ukuvuselela amamodeli okusabalala komlilo ngesikhathi sangempela, okusiza iminyango yomlilo ukuthi ithumele izinsiza kanye nabasebenzi ngokunembe kakhudlwana.
4. Ukusabela ezimweni eziphuthumayo kanye nokwabiwa kwezinsizakusebenza
Imininingwane yesimo sezulu enikezwa yiziteshi zesimo sezulu ibalulekile ekuphenduleni eziphuthumayo kanye nokwabiwa kwezinsizakusebenza:
Ukwabiwa kwezinsizakusebenza zomlilo: Ngokusekelwe ezingozini zomlilo kanye nezindlela zokusabalala, iminyango yomlilo ingabela abacimi bomlilo kanye nemishini ngendlela efanele, njengamaloli omlilo nezindiza zokulwa nomlilo.
Ukususwa kwabantu kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezisebenzi: Uma umlilo usongela indawo yokuhlala, idatha evela eziteshini zesimo sezulu ingasiza ekunqumeni izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokususwa kwabantu kanye nezindawo zokuhlala kabusha ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezakhamuzi.
Usekelo Logistics: Idatha yesimo sezulu ingasetshenziswa futhi ekusekweni Logistics ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abacishi bomlilo kanye nemishini basebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokulwa nomlilo.
5. Ukuvikelwa nokuvuselelwa kwemvelo
Ngaphezu kokuvimbela nokuphendula umlilo, idatha evela eziteshini zesimo sezulu nayo isetshenziselwa ukuvikela nokuvuselela imvelo:
Ukuhlolwa komthelela wemvelo: Ngokuhlaziya idatha yesimo sezulu, abacwaningi bangahlola umthelela wesikhathi eside wemililo ezindaweni zemvelo futhi bathuthukise izinhlelo zokuvuselela imvelo ezihambisanayo.
Ukuphathwa kwezitshalo: Imininingwane yesimo sezulu ingasiza ekuthuthukiseni amasu okuphathwa kwezitshalo, njengokulawula ukukhula kwezitshalo ezivuthayo kanye nokunciphisa amathuba omlilo.
Ucwaningo lokushintsha kwesimo sezulu: Ukuqoqwa kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha yesimo sezulu yesikhathi eside kungasiza ekucwaningeni umthelela wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ezindaweni zemvelo zamahlathi futhi kuhlinzeke ngesisekelo sokuthuthukisa izindlela zokuvikela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.
6. Ukubambisana komphakathi kanye nemfundo yomphakathi
Idatha evela esiteshini sezulu isetshenziselwa futhi ukusekela ukubambisana komphakathi kanye nemfundo yomphakathi:
Ukuqeqeshwa kokuvimbela umlilo emphakathini: Kusetshenziswa idatha yesimo sezulu, ukuqeqeshwa kokuvimbela umlilo emphakathini kwenziwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ulwazi kanye namakhono okuvimbela umlilo ezakhamuzi.
Uhlelo lwesexwayiso somphakathi: Ngeziteshi ezahlukahlukene, njengezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana, ulwazi lwesexwayiso somlilo lukhishwa ngokushesha emphakathini ukukhumbuza izakhamuzi ukuthi zithathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Ukuzibandakanya kokuzithandela: Izisebenzi zokuzithandela zomphakathi zikhuthazwa ukuba zihlanganyele emsebenzini wokuvimbela umlilo, njengokusiza ekususeni abantu endaweni ethintekile kanye nokunikeza ukwesekwa kwezokuthutha, ukuze kuthuthukiswe amakhono okuvimbela umlilo omphakathi.
Isiphetho
Iziteshi zezulu zokuvimbela umlilo emahlathini zidlala indima ebalulekile ekubikezeleni nasekuphenduleni imililo yamahlathi ngokuqapha idatha yezulu ngesikhathi sangempela, ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwengozi yomlilo, ukulingisa izindlela zokusabalala komlilo, nokusiza ekuphenduleni eziphuthumayo kanye nokwabiwa kwezinsiza. Lezi ziteshi zezulu azigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvimbela nokuphendula umlilo, kodwa futhi zinikeza ukwesekwa okubalulekile kokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokuphepha komphakathi.
Ngokuphikisana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nezinhlekelele zemvelo ezivamile, ukusetshenziswa kweziteshi zesimo sezulu somlilo wehlathi ngokungangabazeki kuye kwahlinzeka ngemibono nezixazululo ezintsha zokuvikela amahlathi emhlabeni wonke. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokujula kokubambisana, umsebenzi wokuvimbela umlilo wehlathi uzoba wesayensi futhi usebenze kahle, ozosiza ekuqaphelisweni kokuphila ngokuvumelanayo phakathi komuntu nemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-24-2025