Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uhulumeni waseKenya kanye nabalingani bamazwe ngamazwe bandise kakhulu amandla okuqapha isimo sezulu ezweni ngokwandisa ukwakhiwa kweziteshi zesimo sezulu ezweni lonke ukusiza abalimi ukuthi babhekane kangcono nezinselele ezibangelwa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Lesi sinyathelo asigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuqina komkhiqizo wezolimo, kodwa futhi sihlinzeka ngokusekelwa okubalulekile kwentuthuko esimeme yaseKenya.
Ingemuva: Izinselele zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu
Njengezwe elibalulekile kwezolimo eMpumalanga Afrika, umnotho waseKenya uncike kakhulu kwezolimo, ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa kwabalimi abancane. Kodwa-ke, ukwanda kwezehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu ezibangelwa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, njengesomiso, izikhukhula kanye nezimvula ezinkulu, kuthinte kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo kanye nokuvikeleka kokudla. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, izingxenye zeKenya zibhekane nesomiso esinzima esinciphise izitshalo, sabulala imfuyo futhi sabangela nenkinga yokudla. Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinselele, uHulumeni waseKenya unqume ukuqinisa uhlelo lwakhe lokuqapha isimo sezulu kanye nokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi.
Ukwethulwa kwephrojekthi: Ukukhuthazwa kweziteshi zezulu
Ngo-2021, uMnyango Wezezulu waseKenya, ngokubambisana nezinhlangano eziningi zomhlaba wonke, wethule uhlelo lokufinyelela iziteshi zezulu ezweni lonke. Lo msebenzi uhlose ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane yesimo sezulu ngesikhathi sangempela ngokufakwa kweziteshi zezulu ezizenzakalelayo (i-AWS) ukusiza abalimi kanye nohulumeni basekhaya ukubikezela kangcono izinguquko zesimo sezulu nokuthuthukisa amasu okubhekana nesimo.
Lezi ziteshi zezulu ezenzakalelayo ziyakwazi ukuqapha idatha ebalulekile yesimo sezulu efana nokushisa, umswakama, imvula, isivinini somoya kanye nesiqondiso, futhi zidlulisele idatha kusizindalwazi esiphakathi ngenethiwekhi engenantambo. Abalimi bangafinyelela lolu lwazi nge-SMS noma uhlelo lokusebenza oluzinikele, okubavumela ukuthi bahlele ukutshala, ukunisela kanye nokuvuna.
Ucwaningo lwesibonelo: Umkhuba eSifundeni saseKitui
Isifunda saseKitui siyisifunda esomile empumalanga yeKenya esiye sabhekana nokuntuleka kwamanzi kanye nokwehluleka kwezitshalo isikhathi eside. Ngo-2022, isifunda safaka iziteshi zezulu ezizenzakalelayo eziyi-10 ezihlanganisa izindawo ezinkulu zezolimo. Ukusebenza kwalezi ziteshi zezulu kuthuthukise kakhulu ikhono labalimi bendawo lokubhekana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Umlimi wendawo uMary Mutua uthe: “Ngaphambilini kwakudingeka sithembele kokuhlangenwe nakho ukuze sahlulele isimo sezulu, ngokuvamile ngenxa yesomiso esingazelelwe noma izimvula ezinkulu kanye nokulahlekelwa. Manje, ngemininingwane enikezwe yiziteshi zesimo sezulu, singakwazi ukulungiselela kusenesikhathi futhi sikhethe izitshalo ezifanele kakhulu kanye nezikhathi zokutshala.”
Izikhulu zezolimo eSifundeni saseKitui nazo ziphawulile ukuthi ukusabalala kweziteshi zezulu akusizi nje kuphela abalimi ukwandisa isivuno sabo, kodwa futhi kunciphisa nokulahlekelwa kwezomnotho ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, selokhu isiteshi sezulu saqala ukusebenza, isivuno sezitshalo esifundeni sikhuphuke ngesilinganiso samaphesenti ayi-15, kanti nemali engenayo yabalimi nayo ikhuphukile.
Ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe
Ukuqaliswa kweziteshi zezulu zaseKenya kuye kwasekelwa izinhlangano eziningana zamazwe ngamazwe, okuhlanganisa iBhange Lomhlaba, i-United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) kanye nezinhlangano eziningi ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni. Lezi zinhlangano azizange zinikeze nje ukwesekwa ngezimali, kodwa futhi zathumela ochwepheshe ukuzosiza i-Kenya Meteorological Service ngokuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokugcinwa kwemishini.
UJohn Smith, uchwepheshe wezokushintsha kwesimo sezulu eBhange Lomhlaba, uthe: “Iphrojekthi yesiteshi sezulu eKenya iyisibonelo esiphumelelayo sendlela inselelo yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu engaxazululwa ngayo ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe. Sithemba ukuthi le modeli ingaphindaphindwa nakwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika.”
Umbono wesikhathi esizayo: Ukumbozwa okwandisiwe
Kufakwe iziteshi zezulu ezizenzakalelayo ezingaphezu kuka-200 ezweni lonke, ezihlanganisa izindawo ezibalulekile zezolimo nezindawo ezibucayi esimweni sezulu. I-Kenya Meteorological Service ihlela ukwandisa inani leziteshi zezulu libe ngu-500 eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo ukuze kwandiswe ukumbozwa nokuthuthukiswa kokunemba kwedatha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni waseKenya uhlela ukuhlanganisa idatha yesimo sezulu nezinhlelo zomshuwalense wezolimo ukusiza abalimi ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ngesikhathi sezehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu. Lesi sinyathelo kulindeleke ukuthi sithuthukise kakhulu ikhono labalimi lokumelana nezingozi futhi sikhuthaze intuthuko esimeme yezolimo.
Isiphetho
Indaba yempumelelo yeziteshi zesimo sezulu eKenya ikhombisa ukuthi ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, amazwe asathuthuka angabhekana ngempumelelo nenselele yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ukusabalala kweziteshi zesimo sezulu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuqina komkhiqizo wezolimo, kodwa futhi kunikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile kokuphepha kokudla eKenya kanye nentuthuko yezomnotho. Ngokwandiswa okuqhubekayo kwale phrojekthi, iKenya kulindeleke ukuthi ibe yisibonelo sokuqina kwesimo sezulu kanye nentuthuko esimeme esifundeni sase-Afrika.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-03-2025