Ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kwanamuhla kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, zonke izinhlobo zezinzwa zifana “namaqhawe angemuva kwesigcawu”, zinikeza buthule ukwesekwa kwedatha okubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezinkambu eziningi. Phakathi kwazo, izinzwa zemisebe yelanga zidlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini eziningi ngamakhono azo okulinganisa anembile emisebe yelanga. .
Izinzwa zemisebe yelanga, empeleni, zingamathuluzi anembayo asetshenziselwa ukukala imisebe yelanga namandla elanga. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukuguqula imisebe yelanga etholiwe ibe ezinye izinhlobo zamandla ezilinganiswa kalula, njengokushisa nogesi, ngokulahlekelwa okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka. Le nqubo yokuguqulwa, njengokungathi "umlingo" wamandla acashile, isivumela ukuba sihlole izimfihlakalo zemisebe yelanga. .
Ngokombono wezinkomba zobuchwepheshe, inzwa ye-radiation yelanga ibonisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu. Usayizi wenzwa ojwayelekile ngokuvamile uwu-100mm ububanzi no-100mm ngobude obuphelele. Ibanga layo lokuhlola libanzi impela, lingafinyelela ku-0~2500W/m². Mayelana nokuzwela, ingafinyelela ku-7~14μV/ (W · m⁻²) futhi ukumelana kwangaphakathi cishe ku-350Ω. Ngokwesikhathi sokuphendula, sishesha nakakhulu, imizuzwana engu-≤30 (99%) ingaqedela ukuthunjwa kwezinguquko zemisebe yelanga. Iphutha lokuzinza kanye ne-nonlinear lilawulwa ku-± 2%, izinga lokunemba lifinyelela ku-2%, impendulo ye-cosine ingu-≤± 7% lapho i-Angle ye-sun altitude ingu-10 °, ububanzi besici sokushisa okusebenzayo yi--20 ° C ~ + 70 ° C, okukhipha isignali kungafinyelela ku-0 ~ 25mV (uma ifakwe isignali ye-transmitter ~ 2 yamanje, futhi i-Canal dl-2 yamanje). Imingcele enjalo yokusebenza enhle kakhulu yenza inzwa ye-radiation yelanga iqedele umsebenzi wokulinganisa ngokuzinzile nangokunembile endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi futhi eguquguqukayo. .
Amandla amakhulu aqhuba ukujikeleza komkhathi, into engokwemvelo ebalulekile eMhlabeni, imisebe yelanga. Imisebe yelanga ifinyelela eMhlabeni ngezindlela ezimbili: enye imisebe yelanga eqondile, edlula ngqo emkhathini; Enye ihlakazekile ngemisebe yelanga, okusho ukuthi imisebe yelanga engenayo ihlakazekile noma iboniswa phezulu. Ngokocwaningo, cishe amaphesenti angama-50 emisebe yelanga yamaza amafushane amuncwa phezulu bese eguqulwa abe imisebe ye-infrared eshisayo. Isilinganiso semisebe yelanga eqondile ingenye "yemithwalo yemfanelo" ebalulekile yezinzwa zemisebe yelanga. Ngokulinganisa ngokunembile imisebe yelanga, singathola ukuqonda emthonjeni nasekusatshalalisweni kwamandla omhlaba, sinikeze isisekelo sedatha esiqinile socwaningo nokusetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi. .
Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, izinzwa zemisebe yelanga zisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi. Emkhakheni wokusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga, iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuhlola amandla emithombo yamandla elanga kanye nokwenza kahle ukuklama nokusebenza kwezinhlelo zokuphehla amandla elanga. Ngemininingwane enikezwe izinzwa zemisebe yelanga, onjiniyela bangakwazi ukwahlulela ngokunembile amandla emisebe yelanga ezindaweni ezahlukene kanye nezikhathi ezihlukene, ukuze bahlele ngokunengqondo indawo nokuhlelwa kwezitshalo zamandla elanga, futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle nokuzinza kokukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga. Isibonelo, kwezinye iziteshi ezinkulu zamandla e-photovoltaic, izinzwa zemisebe yelanga enembe kakhulu zifakiwe, ezingaqapha izinguquko emisebeni yelanga ngesikhathi sangempela futhi zilungise i-Angle kanye nesimo sokusebenza samaphaneli e-photovoltaic ngesikhathi ukuze kwandiswe ukuthunjwa kwamandla elanga nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla. .
Inkambu yezezulu nayo ayinakuhlukaniswa nezinzwa zemisebe yelanga. Ngokuhlaziya idatha yemisebe yelanga, izazi zezulu zingabikezela ngokunembe kakhudlwana izinguquko zesimo sezulu futhi zifunde izitayela zesimo sezulu. Njengomthombo wamandla obalulekile wesimiso sezulu soMhlaba, imisebe yelanga inethonya elikhulu ekushiseni komkhathi, umswakama, ingcindezi nezinye izakhi zesimo sezulu. Idatha eqhubekayo nenembile enikezwa izinzwa zemisebe yelanga isiza ososayensi ukuthi baqonde ngokujulile izinqubo zesimo sezulu futhi bathuthukise ukunemba nokuthembeka kwezibikezelo zesimo sezulu. Isibonelo, kumamodeli ezinombolo zokubikezela isimo sezulu, idatha yemisebe yelanga ingenye yemingcele ebalulekile yokufaka, futhi ukunemba kwayo kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokunemba kokulingisa kwemodeli yokuguquguquka kwesistimu yesimo sezulu. .
Emkhakheni wezolimo, izinzwa zemisebe yelanga nazo zidlala indima eyingqayizivele. Ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwezitshalo kuhlobene eduze nemisebe yelanga, futhi amandla okukhanya afanelekile kanye nobude besikhathi yizimo ezibalulekile ze-photosynthesis kanye nokuqoqwa kwezakhi zezitshalo. Abacwaningi bezolimo nabalimi bangasebenzisa izinzwa zemisebe yelanga ukuqapha ukukhanya ensimini, ngokwezidingo zokukhanya ezigabeni ezahlukene zokukhula kwezitshalo, bathathe izinyathelo zokulima nokuphatha ezihambisanayo, njengokutshala okunengqondo okuminyene, ukulungisa amanetha e-sunshade, njll., ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula okunempilo kwezitshalo, ukuthuthukisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yezolimo. .
Ekugugeni kwezinto zokwakha kanye nocwaningo lokungcoliswa komoya, izinzwa zemisebe yelanga nazo zibalulekile. Izingxenye ezifana nemisebe ye-ultraviolet emisebeni yelanga zingasheshisa inqubo yokuguga yezinto zokwakha. Ngokulinganisa ukuqina nokusatshalaliswa kwe-spectral kwemisebe yelanga, abacwaningi bangahlola ukuqina kwezinto zokwakha ezahlukene ngaphansi kwesenzo semisebe yelanga, futhi banikeze isisekelo sesayensi sokukhethwa nokuvikelwa kwezinto zokwakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebe yelanga ixhumana nezinto ezingcolisayo emkhathini, ezithinta izinqubo zamakhemikhali asemkhathini kanye nekhwalithi yomoya. Idatha evela kuzinzwa zemisebe yelanga ingasiza ososayensi ukuthi bafunde indlela yokwakheka kanye nomthetho wokusabalalisa wokungcoliswa komoya, futhi banikeze ukwesekwa kokuthuthukiswa kwezinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela nokulawula ukungcola. .
Sithatha izinguquko zamuva nje zemboni njengesibonelo, eNgqungqutheleni Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yama-20 Yokusebenzisa Amandla Elanga YaseChina (i-Jinan) kanye ne-China (Shandong) Yesine (Shandong) I-New Energy Storage Application Expo ebanjwe kusukela ngo-March 5 kuya ku-7, Inkampani ye-Qiyun Zhongtian ilethe imvelo ezithuthukisiwe ye-photovoltaic imishini yokuqapha ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nezisombululo ezihlakaniphile zesigcawu esigcwele. Phakathi kwazo, ukuhlakazwa okuqondile okuhlanganisiwe okuhlanganisiwe kohlelo lokuqapha imisebe yelanga eyethulwe yinkampani ingakwazi ukubona ukuqapha okuhlanganisiwe kwemisebe ephelele, imisebe eqondile kanye nemisebe ehlakazekile ngomshini owodwa, futhi ukunemba kokulinganisa sekufinyelele ezingeni le-ClassA, kudonsela ukunaka kwabameleli abaningi bezinkampani zamandla, futhi izinkampani eziningi zifinyelele inhloso yokubambisana. Leli cala libonisa ngokugcwele uhlelo lokusebenza olusha kanye namandla emakethe yobuchwepheshe benzwa ye-solar embonini. .
Bheka i-othomathikhi ye-solar spectral monitoring system, le-irradiator ehlakaniphile ye-solar spectral ekusebenziseni amandla elanga, ucwaningo lwesayensi ye-atmospheric, ukuqapha ezolimo kanye nemvelo kanye neminye imikhakha. Isebenzisa inhlanganisela yesihlungi se-multi-spectral kanye ne-thermopile, engakwazi ukulinganisa ngokunembile amandla emisebe ngezikhathi ezahlukene zelanga, kodwa futhi ilinganise imisebe ephelele, imisebe ehlakazekile kanye neminye imininingwane ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lolu hlelo lunemisebenzi eminingi ethuthukisiwe njengokuqapha idatha ye-radiation, ithuluzi lokutholwa kwesayensi nezobuchwepheshe, ukugcinwa kwedatha okungenantambo, ukusebenza nokugcinwa kwedatha okuhlakaniphile, ukuzwela kokuzilinganisa kanye ne-tracker yomhlaba wonke, okuhlinzeka ngesixazululo esifanelekile samandla esikhathi eside we-solar spectral, izinsiza zamandla elanga kanye nokuhlola isimo sezulu kulo mkhakha.
Njengethuluzi lokulinganisa eliyinhloko, inzwa yemisebe yelanga inikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kokuqonda komuntu ilanga, isebenzisa amandla elanga nokufunda ukuguquka kwemvelo yomhlaba ngekhono layo lokulinganisa elinembile kanye nezinkambu zokusetshenziswa ezibanzi. Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, kukholakala ukuthi izinzwa zemisebe yelanga zizodlala indima enkulu emikhakheni eminingi futhi zibe negalelo ekukhuthazeni intuthuko esimeme yomphakathi. Masibheke phambili ezinzwa zemisebe yelanga eziqhakaza ukukhanya okukhazimulayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe esikhathini esizayo, esiza isintu ukuthi sihlole izindawo ezingaziwa kakhulu futhi sidale impilo engcono.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-25-2025