Naphezu kwesimo sezingozi ezikhulayo njengezikhukhula kanye nesomiso ezingxenyeni zomhlaba kanye nokucindezeleka okwandayo emithonjeni yamanzi, i-World Meteorological Organisation izoqinisa ukuqaliswa kohlelo lwayo lokusebenza lwe-hydrology.
Izandla eziphethe amanzi
Naphezu kwesimo sezingozi ezikhulayo njengezikhukhula kanye nesomiso ezingxenyeni zomhlaba kanye nokucindezeleka okwandayo emithonjeni yamanzi, i-World Meteorological Organisation izoqinisa ukuqaliswa kohlelo lwayo lokusebenza lwe-hydrology.
Umhlangano wezinsuku ezimbili ozinikele we-Hydrological wenzeke ngesikhathi se-World Meteorological Congress ukukhombisa indima ebalulekile ye-hydrology endleleni ye-WMO's Earth System kanye nohlelo lwe-Early Warnings For All.
ICongress iqinise umbono wayo wesikhathi eside we-hydrology. Yagunyaza izinhlelo zokubikezela izikhukhula eziqinisiwe. Yasekela futhi umgomo oyinhloko woHlelo Oluhlanganisiwe Lokuphathwa Kwesomiso ukuthuthukisa ukuhlanganiswa komhlaba wonke kwemizamo yokuqinisa ukuqapha isomiso, ukuhlonza ubungozi, ukubikezela isomiso kanye nezinsizakalo zokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi. Yasekela ukunwetshwa kwe-HelpDesk ekhona yokuphathwa kwezikhukhula kanye ne-HelpDesk yokuphathwa kwesomiso okuhlanganisiwe (IDM) ukusekela ukuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi ngokuphelele.
Phakathi kuka-1970 no-2021, izinhlekelele ezihlobene nezikhukhula zazivame kakhulu ngokwezikhathi. Iziphepho zasezindaweni ezishisayo - ezihlanganisa umoya ovunguzayo, imvula kanye nezingozi zezikhukhula - kwakuyimbangela ehamba phambili yokulahlekelwa ngabantu kanye nomnotho.
Isomiso ePhondweni lase-Afrika, izingxenye ezinkulu zaseNingizimu Melika kanye nengxenye yeYurophu, kanye nezikhukhula ezibhubhisayo ePakistan kwaphazamisa izimpilo zabantu abayizigidi ngonyaka odlule. Isomiso saphenduka izikhukhula ezingxenyeni ezithile zaseYurophu (enyakatho ye-Italy naseSpain) kanye naseSomalia njengoba iCongress yaqala - futhi ikhombisa ukwanda okukhulu kwezehlakalo zamanzi ezimbi kakhulu enkathini yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Njengamanje, abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.6 babhekene nokufinyelela amanzi okwanele okungenani ngenyanga ngonyaka futhi lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kukhuphuke kube ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezi-5 ngo-2050, ngokusho kwe-State of Global Water Resources ye-WMO. Ukuncibilika kweqhwa kuletha usongo lokuntuleka kwamanzi okusongela izigidi eziningi - futhi ngenxa yalokho iCongress iphakamise izinguquko endaweni ecwebezelayo yaba enye yezinto eziza kuqala kwi-WMO.
“Ukubikezela okungcono kanye nokuphathwa kwezingozi ezihlobene namanzi kubalulekile empumelelweni ye-Early Warnings for All. Sifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akekho omangazwa yizikhukhula, futhi wonke umuntu ulungele isomiso,” kusho uNobhala-Jikelele we-WMO uSolwazi Petteri Taalas. “I-WMO idinga ukuqinisa nokuhlanganisa izinsizakalo zamanzi ukuze isekele ukuzivumelanisa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.”
Isithiyo esikhulu ekuhlinzekeni ngezixazululo zamanzi ezisebenzayo nezisimeme ukuntuleka kolwazi mayelana nezinsiza zamanzi ezitholakalayo njengamanje, ukutholakala kwesikhathi esizayo kanye nesidingo sokudla kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla. Abenzi bezinqumo babhekene nenkinga efanayo uma kukhulunywa ngezingozi zezikhukhula kanye nesomiso.
Namuhla, ama-60% aMazwe Angamalungu e-WMO abika ukwehla kwamakhono okuqapha amanzi ngaleyo ndlela ekuhlinzekeni ukwesekwa kwezinqumo emanzini, amandla, ukudla kanye ne-ecosystem nexus. Amazwe angaphezu kwama-50% emhlabeni wonke awanalo uhlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi yedatha yawo ehlobene namanzi.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinselele, i-WMO ikhuthaza ukuqapha nokuphatha izinsiza zamanzi okuthuthukisiwe nge-Hydrological Status and Outlook System (HydroSOS) kanye ne-Global Hydrometry Support Facility (HydroHub), eseziqaliswa manje.
Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lwe-Hydrology
I-WMO ine-Hydrology Action Plan ebanzi, enezinhloso eziyisishiyagalombili zesikhathi eside.
Akekho omangazwe yizikhukhula
Wonke umuntu ulungele isomiso
Idatha yesimo sezulu samanzi kanye neyesimo sezulu isekela uhlelo lokuphepha kokudla
Idatha esezingeni eliphezulu isekela isayensi
Isayensi inikeza isisekelo esiqinile se-hydrology yokusebenza
Sinolwazi oluphelele ngemithombo yamanzi yomhlaba wethu
Intuthuko esimeme isekelwa ulwazi lwe-hydrological
Ikhwalithi yamanzi iyaziwa.
Uhlelo Lokuqondisa Izikhukhula Ezisheshayo
I-Hydrological Assembly yaziswa futhi ngomhlangano wokufundisana ngokuthuthukiswa kwabesifazane ohlelwe yi-WMO ohlakeni lwephrojekthi ye-Flash Flood Guidance System ngomhlaka-25 no-26 Meyi 2023.
Iqembu lochwepheshe abakhethiwe abavela ku-workshop labelane ngemiphumela ye-workshop nomphakathi obanzi wamanzi, okuhlanganisa namathuluzi okudala inethiwekhi yochwepheshe abangochwepheshe nabavelele abakhuthele, ukuqinisa amakhono abo, nokuthuthuka kuze kube yilapho bekwazi khona kakhulu, hhayi nje ngenxa yenzuzo yabo kodwa futhi nokusebenzela izidingo zomphakathi emhlabeni jikelele.
ICongress ivumile ukuphathwa kwezingozi ngendlela ethatha isinyathelo kuqala, esikhundleni sempendulo yendabuko yesomiso ngokuphathwa kwezinkinga ngendlela ephendulayo. Yakhuthaza Amalungu ukuthi akhuthaze futhi athuthukise ukubambisana kanye namalungiselelo okubambisana phakathi kweNational Meteorological and Hydrological Services kanye nezinye izikhungo eziqashelwa yi-WMO zokuthuthukisa ukubikezela nokuqapha isomiso.
Singahlinzeka ngezinzwa ezahlukahlukene zejubane lokugeleza kwejubane le-radar ye-hydrographic ezihlakaniphile
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba 11-2024