Ngokumelene nesizinda sezingozi ezikhulayo njengezikhukhula nesomiso ezingxenyeni ezithile zomhlaba kanye nengcindezi ekhulayo emithonjeni yamanzi, i-World Meteorological Organization izoqinisa ukuqaliswa kohlelo lwayo lokusebenza lwe-hydrology.
Izandla eziphethe amanzi
Ngokumelene nesizinda sezingozi ezikhulayo njengezikhukhula nesomiso ezingxenyeni ezithile zomhlaba kanye nengcindezi ekhulayo emithonjeni yamanzi, i-World Meteorological Organization izoqinisa ukuqaliswa kohlelo lwayo lokusebenza lwe-hydrology.
I-Hydrological Assembly ezinikele yezinsuku ezimbili yenzeka ngesikhathi seNgqungquthela Yomhlaba Yesimo Sezulu ukuze kuboniswe indima eyinhloko ye-hydrology endleleni ye-Earth System ye-WMO kanye nohlelo lwe-Early Warnings For All.
ICongress iqinise umbono wayo wesikhathi eside we-hydrology. Igunyaze izinhlelo eziqinisiwe zokubikezela izikhukhula. Iphinde yeseka umgomo oyinhloko woHlelo Oludidiyele Lokulawulwa Kwesomiso ukuthuthukisa ukudidiyelwa kwemizamo yomhlaba wonke yokuqinisa ukuqapha isomiso, ukuhlonza izinhlekelele, ukubikezela isomiso kanye nezinsizakalo zokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi. Isekele ukunwetshwa kweDeski Losizo Lokulawulwa Okudidiyelwe Kwezikhukhula kanye ne-HelpDesk on Integrated Drought Management (IDM) ukuze kusekelwe ukuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi ngokuphelele.
Phakathi kuka-1970 no-2021, izinhlekelele ezihlobene nezikhukhula zazivame kakhulu ngokuya ngemvamisa. Izivunguvungu zaseTropical - ezihlanganisa umoya ovunguzayo, imvula kanye nezingozi zezikhukhula - zaziyimbangela ehamba phambili yokulahlekelwa kwabantu nezomnotho.
Isomiso oPhondweni lwe-Afrika, ezingxenyeni ezinkulu zeNingizimu Melika kanye nengxenye yeYurophu, nezikhukhula ezibhubhisayo ePakistan kwaphazamisa ukuphila kwezigidi zabantu ngonyaka odlule. Isomiso saphenduka izikhukhula ezingxenyeni ezithile ze-Europe (enyakatho ye-Italy neSpain) kanye naseSomalia njengoba iCongress yenzeka - futhi ekhombisa ukwanda kokuqina kwezehlakalo ezimbi kakhulu zamanzi enkathini yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Njengamanje, abantu abayizigidigidi ezi-3.6 babhekene nokungawatholi amanzi anele okungenani ngenyanga ngonyaka futhi lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kwenyuke kuze kube ngaphezu kwezigidigidi ezi-5 ngo-2050, ngokusho kwe-State of Global Water Resources ye-WMO. Izinguzunga zeqhwa ezincibilikayo ziletha usongo lokushoda kwamanzi okuzayo ezigidini eziningi - futhi ngenxa yalokho iCongress inyuse izinguquko ku-cryosphere yaba enye yezinto ezibalulekile ze-WMO.
"Izibikezelo ezingcono kanye nokulawulwa kwezingozi ezihlobene namanzi kubaluleke kakhulu empumelelweni ye-Early Warnings for All. Sifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akekho omangala ngesikhukhula, futhi wonke umuntu ulungele isomiso," kusho uNobhala-Jikelele we-WMO uProf. Petteri Taalas. "I-WMO idinga ukuqinisa futhi ihlanganise izinsiza ze-hydrological ukusekela ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu."
Isithiyo esikhulu sokuhlinzeka ngezixazululo zamanzi ezisebenza kahle nezisimeme ukuntula ulwazi mayelana nemithombo yamanzi ekhona njengamanje, ukutholakala kwekusasa kanye nesidingo sokuhlinzekwa kokudla namandla. Abenzi bezinqumo babhekene nenkinga efanayo uma kuza ezingcupheni zezikhukhula nesomiso.
Namuhla, ama-60% Amazwe Angamalungu e-WMO abika amandla anciphayo ekuqaphelweni kwe-hydrological futhi ngaleyo ndlela ekuhlinzekweni kokusekelwa kwezinqumo emanzini, amandla, ukudla kanye ne-ecosystem nexus. Amazwe angaphezu kwama-50% emhlabeni wonke awanalo uhlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi yedatha yawo ehlobene namanzi ekhona.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinselele, i-WMO ikhuthaza ukuqapha nokuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi okuthuthukisiwe nakuba iHydrological Status and Outlook System (HydroSOS) kanye neGlobal Hydrometry Support Facility (HydroHub), eseziqalisiwe manje.
IHydrology Action Plan
I-WMO inohlelo olubanzi lwe-Hydrology Action Plan, olunezifiso eziyisishiyagalombili zesikhathi eside.
Akekho omangazwa uzamcolo
Wonke umuntu ulungele isomiso
Idatha ye-Hydro-climate kanye ne-meteorological isekela i-ajenda yokuphepha kokudla
Idatha yekhwalithi ephezulu isekela isayensi
Isayensi inikeza isisekelo esizwakalayo se-hydrology yokusebenza
Sinolwazi olunzulu ngemithombo yamanzi yomhlaba wethu
Intuthuko eqhubekayo isekelwa ulwazi lwe-hydrological
Izinga lamanzi liyaziwa.
I-Flash Flood Guidance System
I-Hydrological Assembly yaphinde yatshelwa ngomhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi Wokuhlonyiswa Kwabesifazane obuhlelwe yi-WMO ngohlaka lwephrojekthi ye-Flash Flood Guidance System ngomhla zingama-25 nezi-26 kuNhlaba wezi-2023.
Iqembu elikhethiwe lochwepheshe abavela emhlanganweni wokucobelelana ngolwazi labelane ngemiphumela yomhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi nomphakathi obanzi we-hydrological, okuhlanganisa namathuluzi okudala inethiwekhi yochwepheshe abakhuthele nabavelele, ukuze baqinise amakhono abo, futhi bathuthuke baye emandleni abo aphezulu, hhayi nje ukuze kuzuze bona kodwa nokusiza izidingo zomphakathi emhlabeni wonke.
UKhongolose ugunyaze ekulawuleni, ekulawuleni ubungozi esikhundleni sokuphendula ngokwesiko esomiso ngokusebenza, nokulawulwa kwezinhlekelele. Ikhuthaze Amalungu ukuthi akhuthaze futhi athuthukise ukubambisana kanye nezinhlelo ezihlangene phakathi kwe-National Meteorological and Hydrological Services kanye nezinye izikhungo ezaziwayo ze-WMO ukuze kwenziwe ngcono ukubikezela isomiso nokuqapha.
Singahlinzeka ngezinzwa ezihlakaniphile ze-hydrographic radar level flow velocity
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-11-2024