Izici ze-Hydrographic Radar Level Gauges

Isilinganiso sezinga le-radar ye-hydrographic, esaziwa nangokuthi imitha yezinga lamanzi ye-radar engathintani, iyithuluzi elithuthukisiwe elisebenzisa amaza kagesi asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu (ama-microwave) ukukala ibanga eliya endaweni yamanzi. Idlulisela igagasi le-radar nge-antenna bese ithola i-echo eboniswa ebusweni bamanzi. Izinga lamanzi libalwa ngokusekelwe esikhathini esithathayo ukuze igagasi lihambe leli banga.

Izici zayo eziyinhloko yilezi ezilandelayo:

1. Ukulinganisa Okungathintani

• Inzuzo: Inzwa ayithinti umzimba wamanzi olinganisiwe, igwema ngokuyinhloko izinkinga ezihambisana nezindlela zokuxhumana—njengokudaya kwe-silt, ukuvaleka kokhula, ukugqwala, kanye ne-icing—ezihlasela ama-gauge endabuko (isb., uhlobo lokuntanta, olusekelwe ekucindezelweni).
• Umphumela: Ukugcinwa okuphansi kakhulu kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezimanzi ezinzima.

2. Ukunemba Okuphezulu Kokulinganisa, Akuthinteki Izimo Zemvelo

• Inzuzo: Ukusabalala kwamagagasi e-radar akuthinteki nhlobo izinga lokushisa, umswakama, ingcindezi yomoya, umoya, imvula, noma uthuli.
• Ukuqhathaniswa nama-Ultrasonic Gauges: Ukunemba kwesilinganiso sezinga le-Ultrasonic kuthintwa izinguquko zokushisa kwe-ambient (ezidinga isinxephezelo) nomoya onamandla, kuyilapho amagagasi e-radar esebenza kahle kakhulu kulezi zimo, enikeza ukuzinza okuphezulu.

3. Amandla Aqinile Okumelana Nokuphazamiseka

• Inzuzo: Ama-radar level gauges avame ukusebenza ku-K-band noma kumaza aphezulu, ane-angle encane ye-beam kanye namandla agxilile. Lokhu kuwavumela ukuthi angene ngempumelelo ku-foam, umusi, kanye nenani elincane lemfucumfucu entantayo, futhi awathinteki yizinguquko kumbala noma ubuningi bamanzi.
• Umphumela: Izilinganiso ezizinzile nezithembekile zingatholakala ngisho nasezindaweni zamanzi ezinamagagasi amancane, igwebu, noma umusi.

4. Ukufakwa Okulula, Akunasidingo Sokuguqulwa Kwesakhiwo

• Inzuzo: Kudinga kuphela indawo efanele yokufaka ngaphezu kwendawo yokulinganisa (isb., ebhulohweni, ugongolo oluvundlile emthonjeni wokumisa, noma epalini). Asikho isidingo sokwakha umthombo wokumisa noma ukwenza izinguquko ezinkulu ezakhiweni ezikhona.
• Umphumela: Kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zobunjiniyela bezakhiwo kanye nobunzima bokufakwa, ikakhulukazi okuzuzisayo ekuthuthukiseni iziteshi ezikhona.

5. Uhla Olubanzi Lwezicelo

• Inzuzo: Ingasetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamanzi, okuhlanganisa imifula, imisele, amachibi, amachibi, imithombo yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, kanye namathangi ahlukahlukene ezitshalweni zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile (imithombo yokungena, amathangi okungenisa umoya, njll.).

Okubi kanye nokucatshangelwa:

• Izindleko Zokuqala Eziphakeme: Izindleko zokuthenga zivame ukuba phezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-transducer engcindezi angaphansi kwamanzi noma ama-gauge wamanzi athambile.
• Ukuphazamiseka Kwe-Echo Yamanga: Emithonjeni emincane yokuthulisa noma ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinamapayipi amaningi noma amabakaki, amagagasi e-radar angabonakalisa izindonga zangaphakathi noma ezinye izithiyo, adale ama-echo angamanga adinga ukuhlunga isofthiwe. Ama-radar level gauges anamuhla avame ukuba nama-algorithms athuthukile okucubungula i-echo ukuze abhekane nalokhu.
• Umthelela Wegagasi Elibi Kakhulu: Emanzini avulekile anamagagasi amakhulu kakhulu (isb., ogwini, amadamu amakhulu), ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kobuso kungabangela inselele ekuzinzeni kokulinganisa, okudinga ukukhethwa kwemodeli efanelekile kanye nendawo yokufaka elungiselelwe.

2. Amacala Okufaka Isicelo

Ngenxa yokungabi nomthelela wokuxhumana kwawo kanye nokuthembeka okuphezulu, ama-radar level gauges asetshenziswa kabanzi ekuqapheni kwe-hydrometric, kumaphrojekthi okulondolozwa kwamanzi, kanye nokuphathwa kwamanzi asemadolobheni.

Icala 1: Iziteshi Zokuqapha Amanzi Emifuleni Yezintaba

• Inselele: Amazinga amanzi emifuleni enezintaba akhuphuka futhi ehla ngokushesha, kanye nemisinga esheshayo ethwala inani elikhulu lenhlabathi kanye nemfucumfucu entantayo (amagatsha, ukhula). Izinzwa zokuthintana zendabuko ziyabhujiswa kalula, zivaleke, noma zibambeke, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwedatha.
• Isixazululo: Faka igeyiji yezinga le-radar ebhulohweni, bese i-probe iqondiswa phezulu ngasemthonjeni.
• Umphumela:
  • Akukho Ukulungiswa: Igwema ngokuphelele imiphumela yodaka kanye nemfucumfucu, ibamba ngokuthembekile i-hydrograph ephelele ngezikhathi zezikhukhula.
  • Ukuphepha: Abasebenzi bokufaka nokulungisa akudingeki basebenze onqenqemeni lwamanzi ayingozi noma ngesikhathi sezikhukhula, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha.
  • Ubuqotho Bedatha: Ihlinzeka ngedatha eqhubekayo nenembile ebalulekile yokuxwayisa ngezikhukhula kanye nokulawulwa kwemithombo yamanzi.

Icala 2: Inethiwekhi Yokukhipha Amanzi Emadolobheni Nokuqapha Ukugcwala Kwamanzi

• Inselele: Indawo yangaphakathi yemisele yamanzi yasemadolobheni kanye nemisele yamabhokisi inzima, inezinkinga ezifana ne-biogas egqwalisayo, ukuthungwa kwenhlabathi, kanye nomonakalo wezinambuzane. Izinzwa zokuthintana ziyalimala kalula futhi kunzima ukuzinakekela.
• Isixazululo: Faka amageyiji e-radar anezilinganiso zokuvikela eziphezulu (ezingavimbela ukuqhuma) ngaphakathi kwezimbozo zemigodi noma imigqa ewela ukuze ulinganise izinga lamanzi ngaphakathi komthombo.
• Umphumela:
  • Imelana Nokugqwala: Ukulinganisa okungathintani akuthinteki ngamagesi agqwalisayo angaphakathi emthonjeni.
  • I-Anti-Siltation: Ivimbela ukwehluleka kwezinzwa ngenxa yokumbozwa odakeni.
  • Ukuqapha Ngesikhathi Sangempela: Kuqapha amazinga okugcwaliswa kwamapayipi ngesikhathi sangempela, kuhlinzeka ngokusekelwa kwedatha yokuthunyelwa kwemisele yamanzi emadolobheni kanye nesixwayiso sokugcwala kwamanzi, okufaka isandla ezinhlelweni ze-“Smart Water” kanye ne-“Sponge City”.

Icala 3: Ukuqapha Ukuphepha Kwedamu Nedamu

• Inselele: Izinga lamanzi echibini liyipharamitha yokusebenza eyinhloko, edinga ukulinganiswa okuthembekile nokunembile ngokuphelele. Izindlela zendabuko zingase zithinteke ukukhula kwezitshalo emthambekeni wedamu ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuguquguquka.
• Isixazululo: Faka amageyiji e-radar anembile kakhulu ezinhlangothini zombili zomgwaqo wokuchitheka kwedamu noma embhoshongweni wokuqapha ukuze uqaphe izinga ledamu ngesikhathi sangempela.
• Umphumela:
  • Ukuthembeka Okuphezulu: Kuhlinzeka ngesisekelo sedatha esibaluleke kakhulu semisebenzi yokulawula izikhukhula zamachibi kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi.
  • Ukuhlanganiswa Okungenamthungo: Idatha ingafakwa ngqo ezinhlelweni zokubika ukugeleza kwemvula okuzenzakalelayo kanye nezinhlelo zokuqapha ukuphepha kwamadamu, okuvumela ukuphathwa okuzenzakalelayo.
  • Ukuzinza Kwesikhathi Eside: Cishe akukho ukuguguleka, okunikeza idatha ehambisanayo isikhathi eside, okulungele ukuqapha ukuphepha.

Icala 4: Ukulinganiswa Kwamanzi Okuzenzakalelayo Emiseleni Yokunisela

• Inselele: Imisele yokunisela yezolimo inokugeleza okuncane kodwa ingaba nokhula. Indlela yokulinganisa engadingi ukunakekelwa okuningi iyadingeka ukuze kuphathwe kahle imithombo yamanzi kanye nokukhokhisa.
• Isixazululo: Faka amageyiji e-radar level ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile (isb., amasango, ama-flume). Ngokulinganisa izinga lamanzi nokuyihlanganisa ne-cross-section yesiteshi kanye nemodeli ye-hydraulic, kubalwa izinga lokugeleza okusheshayo kanye nevolumu ehlanganisiwe.
• Umphumela:
  • Ukufakwa Okulula: Asikho isidingo sokwakha izakhiwo zokulinganisa eziyinkimbinkimbi emseleni.
  • Ukufunda Amamitha Akude: Kuhlanganiswe nezindawo zokulawula i-telemetry, kwenza kube lula ukuqoqwa kwedatha okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokukhokhiswa, kwenze ukuphathwa kokunisela kube okwesimanje.

Isifinyezo

Amageyiji e-radar e-hydrography, anezici zawo ezivelele zokusebenza ngaphandle kokuthintana, ukunemba okuphezulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, kanye nokugcinwa okuphansi, aseba ngolunye lobuchwepheshe obuthandwayo ekuqapheni kwe-hydrometric yesimanje kanye nemithombo yamanzi. Abhekana ngempumelelo namaphuzu amaningi abuhlungu ahlangana nezindlela zokulinganisa amazinga amanzi zendabuko ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, enikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile kwezobuchwepheshe kokuxwayisa ngezikhukhula, ukuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi, ukuvimbela ukugcwala kwamanzi emadolobheni, kanye nokusebenza okuphephile kwamaphrojekthi obunjiniyela be-hydraulic.

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