I-hydrographic radar level gauge, eyaziwa nangokuthi imitha yeleveli yamanzi ye-radar engathinteki, iyithuluzi elithuthukisiwe elisebenzisa amagagasi kazibuthe we-electromagnetic (ama-microwave) ukukala ibanga eliya endaweni yamanzi. Idlulisa igagasi le-radar nge-antenna futhi ithole i-echo ebonakala emanzini. Izinga lamanzi libalwa ngokusekelwe esikhathini esisithathayo ukuze igagasi lihambe leli banga.
Izici zayo eziyinhloko zimi kanje:
1. Isilinganiso Sokungaxhunywana Naye
- Inzuzo: Inzwa ayixhumani nomzimba wamanzi akaliwe, ngokuyisisekelo igwema izindaba ezihambisana nezindlela zokuxhumana—njengokugawulwa kodaka, ukubola kokhula, ukugqwala, kanye nokuqhwaza—ezihlupha amageji endabuko (isb., uhlobo lokuntanta, olusekelwe kungcindezi).
- Umphumela: Ukunakekelwa okuphansi kakhulu kanye nempilo ende yesevisi, okuyenza ifaneleke ikakhulukazi izindawo ezinobunzima be-hydrological.
2. Ukunemba Okuphakeme Kwezilinganiso, Okungathinteki Izimo Zemvelo
- Inzuzo: Ukusabalala kwamagagasi e-radar akuthintwa cishe izinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukucindezela komkhathi, umoya, imvula, noma uthuli.
- Ukuqhathaniswa nama-Ultrasonic Gauges: Ukunemba kwe-gauge ye-Ultrasonic kuthinteka ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa elizungezile (okudinga isinxephezelo) nomoya onamandla, kuyilapho amagagasi e-radar enza kahle kakhulu kulezi zimo, enikeza ukuzinza okuphakeme.
3. Ikhono Eliqinile Lokulwa Nokuphazamiseka
- Inzuzo: Izikali zeleveli yerada ngokuvamile zisebenza ku-K-band noma kumafrikhwensi aphezulu, afaka i-engeli encane ye-beam namandla agxilile. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zingene ngokuphumelelayo igwebu, umhwamuko, nenani elincane lemfucumfucu entantayo, futhi azithintwa izinguquko zombala wamanzi noma ukuminyana.
- Umphumela: Izilinganiso ezizinzile nezithembekile zingatholwa ngisho nasezindaweni zamanzi ezinamagagasi amancane, igwebu, noma isitimu.
4. Ukufakwa Okulula, Asikho Isidingo Sokuguqulwa Kwesakhiwo
- Inzuzo: Idinga kuphela indawo efanelekile yokugxumeka ngaphezu kwendawo yokukala (isb., ebhulohweni, ugongolo emthonjeni othule, noma isigxobo). Asikho isidingo sokwakha umthombo wokuthulisa noma ukwenza izinguquko ezinkulu ezakhiweni ezikhona.
- Umphumela: Zinciphisa kakhulu izindleko zobunjiniyela bomphakathi kanye nobunzima bokufakwa, ikakhulukazi okunenzuzo ekuthuthukiseni iziteshi ezikhona.
5. Uhla Olubanzi Lwezicelo
- Inzuzo: Ingasetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemithombo yamanzi, okuhlanganisa imifula, imisele, amachibi, amachibi, imithombo yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, namathangi ahlukahlukene ezindaweni zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile (imithombo yokungena, amathange okungenisa umoya, njll.).
Ukungalungi Nokucatshangelwa:
- Izindleko Zokuqala Eziphakeme: Izindleko zokuthenga ngokuvamile ziphezulu uma ziqhathaniswa nezishintshashintshayo zengcindezi ezingaphansi kwamanzi ezivamile noma amageji ezinga lamanzi ohlobo lwe-float.
- Ukuphazamiseka Kwe-Echo Yamanga: Emithonjeni ethule emincane noma ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinamapayipi amaningi noma abakaki, amagagasi e-radar angase abonise izindonga zangaphakathi noma ezinye izithiyo, adale ama-echoes angamanga adinga ukuhlungwa kwesofthiwe. Ama-gauge eleveli ye-radar yesimanje ngokuvamile afaka ama-algorithms wokucubungula i-echo athuthukisiwe ukuphatha lokhu.
- I-Extreme Wave Impact: Emanzini avulekile anamagagasi amakhulu kakhulu (isb., ugu, amachibi amakhulu), ukushintshashintsha okunamandla kwendawo kungabekela inselele ukuqina kokulinganisa, okudinge ukukhethwa kwemodeli efanelekile kanye nendawo yokufaka elungiselelwe.
2. Amacala ohlelo
Ngenxa yokungathinteki kwawo kanye nokuthembeka okuphezulu, ama-gauge ezinga le-radar asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuqaphelweni kwe-hydrometric, amaphrojekthi wokongiwa kwamanzi, nokuphathwa kwamanzi asemadolobheni.
Ikesi 1: Iziteshi Zokuqapha I-Hydrological in Mountainous Rivers
- Inselele: Amazinga amanzi emifuleni enezintaba akhuphuka futhi ehle ngokushesha, nemisinga esheshayo ethwala inqwaba yenhlabathi nemfucumfucu entantayo (amagatsha, ukhula). Izinzwa zokuxhumana zendabuko zibhujiswa kalula, zivaleleke, noma zibhajwe, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwedatha.
- Isixazululo: Faka igeji yeleveli ye-radar ebhulohweni, uphenyo luqondiswe ngokuqondile endaweni yomfula.
- Umphumela:
- Ayinasondlo: Igwema ngokuphelele imithelela yenhlabathi nemfucumfucu, ithwebula ngokuthembekile i-hydrograph ephelele ngezikhathi zezikhukhula.
- Ukuphepha: Izisebenzi zokufaka nokulungisa akudingeki zisebenze onqenqemeni lwamanzi ayingozi noma phakathi nezikhukhula, ziqinisekisa ukuphepha.
- Ubuqotho Bedatha: Ihlinzeka ngedatha eqhubekayo, enembile ebucayi yesixwayiso sezikhukhula kanye nokulawulwa kwemithombo yamanzi.
Icala 2: Inethiwekhi Yokugeleza Kwamanzi Emadolobheni kanye Nokuqapha Ukugeleza Kwamanzi
- Inselele: Imvelo yangaphakathi yemisele yasemadolobheni namakholvethi amabhokisi inokhahlo, nezinkinga ezifana ne-biogas ebolayo, ukucwiliswa kodaka, nokulimala kwezinambuzane. Izinzwa zothintana naye zilimala kalula futhi kunzima ukuzinakekela.
- Isixazululo: Faka amaleveli e-radar anezilinganiso zokuvikela okuphezulu (okungase kuvimbele ukuqhuma) ngaphakathi kwezimbobo zemigodi noma imigqa ephambanayo ukuze ulinganise izinga lamanzi ngaphakathi komthombo.
- Umphumela:
- I-Corrosion-Resistant: Isilinganiso esingathinteki asithintwa amagesi agqwalayo ngaphakathi komthombo.
- I-Anti-Siltation: Ivimbela ukwehluleka kwezinzwa ngenxa yokugqitshwa odaka.
- Ukuqapha Kwesikhathi Sangempela: Izinga lokugcwaliswa kwamapayipi okuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela, linikeza ukusekelwa kwedatha yokuthunyelwa kwamanzi emadolobheni kanye nesixwayiso sokugcwala kwamanzi, okunikela ezinhlelweni ze-“Smart Water” kanye “neSponge City”.
Icala 3: I-Reservoir kanye Nokuqapha Ukuphepha Kwedamu
- Inselele: Izinga lamanzi echibi liyipharamitha eyisisekelo yokusebenza, edinga ukulinganisa okuthembekile nokunembayo. Izindlela zendabuko zingase zithintwe ukukhula kwezitshalo emthambekeni wedamu ngaphakathi kwendawo eguquguqukayo.
- Isixazululo: Faka amageji eleveli yerada enembe kakhulu nhlangothi zombili zomzila wokuchitheka kwedamu noma kumbhoshongo wokuqapha ukuze ugade izinga ledamu ngesikhathi sangempela.
- Umphumela:
- Ukuthembeka Okuphezulu: Ihlinzeka ngesisekelo sedatha esibaluleke kakhulu semisebenzi yokulawula izikhukhula kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi.
- Ukuhlanganisa Okungenazihibe: Idatha ingahlanganiswa ngokuqondile ezinhlelweni zokubika zokuna kwemvula ezizenzakalelayo kanye nezinhlelo zokuqapha ukuphepha kwamadamu, okuvumela ukuphathwa okuzenzakalelayo.
- Ukuzinza Kwesikhathi Eside: Cishe akukho ukuguga, ukuhlinzeka ngedatha engaguquki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ilungele ukugadwa kokuphepha.
Icala lesi-4: Ukulinganisa Amanzi Okuzenzakalelayo Emiseleni Yokuchelela
- Inselele: Imisele yokunisela yezolimo inokugeleza okuthambile kodwa ingaba nokhula. Kudingeka indlela yokulinganisa yokunakekelwa okuphansi ukuze kulawulwe kahle imithombo yamanzi kanye nokukhokhiswa kwemali.
- Isixazululo: Faka amaleveli e-radar ezigabeni ezibalulekile (isb., emasangweni, emifuleni). Ngokulinganisa izinga lamanzi nokulihlanganisa nesiqephu esiphambanayo sesiteshi kanye nemodeli ye-hydraulic, izinga lokugeleza elisheshayo kanye nevolumu eqongelelwayo kubalwa.
- Umphumela:
- Ukufaka Okwenziwa Lula: Asikho isidingo sokwakha izakhiwo zokulinganisa eziyinkimbinkimbi kumsele.
- Ukufundwa Kwemitha Ekude: Kuhlanganiswe namatheminali e-telemetry, kunika amandla ukuqoqwa kwedatha okuzenzakalelayo nokukhokhiswa, nokwenza ukuphathwa kokunisela kube okwakamuva.
Isifinyezo
Ama-gauge ezinga le-radar ye-Hydrographic, anezici zawo ezivelele zokusebenza okungaxhunywana naye, ukunemba okuphezulu, ukwethembeka okuphezulu, nokunakekelwa okuphansi, aba obunye bobuchwepheshe obukhethwayo ekuqaphelweni kwesimanje kwe-hydrometric kanye nemithombo yamanzi. Babhekana ngokuphumelelayo namaphuzu amaningi obuhlungu ahlangabezane nezindlela zendabuko zokulinganisa izinga lamanzi ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukuhlinzeka ngokusekela okuqinile kwezobuchwepheshe kwesixwayiso sezikhukhula, ukuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi, ukuvimbela ukugeleza kwamanzi emadolobheni, kanye nokusebenza okuphephile kwamaphrojekthi wobunjiniyela be-hydraulic.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-30-2025