Ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa ze-oxygen (DO) ezincibilikisiwe zekhwalithi yamanzi kuyisibonelo esisabalele nesiphumelelayo sobuchwepheshe be-IoT e-Southeast Asian aquaculture. I-oxygen encibilikisiwe ingenye yezimiso ezibaluleke kakhulu zekhwalithi yamanzi, ezithinta ngokuqondile izinga lokusinda, isivinini sokukhula, nempilo yezinhlobo ezifuywayo.
Izigaba ezilandelayo zinemininingwane yokusetshenziswa kwazo ngezifundo nezimo ezihlukahlukene.
1. Ukuhlaziywa Kwekesi Okujwayelekile: Ipulazi Le-Shrimp Elikhulu e-Vietnam
Ingemuva:
I-Vietnam ingelinye lamazwe athumela izimfanzi ezinkulu kakhulu eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ipulazi elikhulu, elinezimfanzi ze-vannamei eliseMekong Delta libhekane namazinga aphezulu okufa ngenxa yokuphathwa kabi komoyampilo oncibilikisiwe. Ngokwesiko, izisebenzi kwakudingeka zilinganisele mathupha amapharamitha izikhathi ezimbalwa ngosuku ngokuhamba ngesikebhe ukuya echibini ngalinye, okuholela emininingwaneni engaqhubeki kanye nokungakwazi ukuphendula ngokushesha ku-hypoxia ebangelwa izimo zasebusuku noma ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungazelelwe.
Isixazululo:
Ipulazi lasebenzisa uhlelo lokuqapha izinga lamanzi olusekelwe ku-IoT, elinenzwa yomoya-mpilo ehlakazekile eku-inthanethi emnyombeni walo.
- Ukuthunyelwa: Kufakwe izinzwa ze-DO eyodwa noma ezimbili echibini ngalinye, zabekwa ekujuleni okungamamitha angu-1-1.5 (ungqimba lwamanzi oluyisisekelo lomsebenzi wezimfanzi) kusetshenziswa amabhuya noma izigxobo ezigxilile.
- Ukudluliswa Kwedatha: Izinzwa zidlulisele idatha ye-DO yesikhathi sangempela nezinga lokushisa lamanzi endaweni yamafu ngamanethiwekhi angenawaya (isb, i-LoRaWAN, 4G/5G).
- I-Smart Control: Uhlelo luhlanganiswe nama-aerator echibi. Ama-threshold aphephile e-DO amisiwe (isb, umkhawulo ophansi: 4 mg/L, umkhawulo ophezulu: 7 mg/L).
- Izexwayiso nokuphatha:
- Ukulawula Okuzenzakalelayo: Lapho i-DO yehla ngaphansi kuka-4 mg/L, isistimu yavula ngokuzenzakalelayo ama-aera; lapho ikhuphukela ngaphezu kuka-7 mg/L, yawacisha, yafinyelela umoya onembile futhi yonga izindleko zikagesi.
- Ama-alamu Akude: Uhlelo luthumele izexwayiso nge-SMS noma izaziso zohlelo lokusebenza kumphathi wepulazi kanye nochwepheshe uma idatha ibingavamile (isb, ukwehla okungaguquki noma ukwehla kungazelelwe).
- Ukuhlaziywa Kwedatha: Inkundla yefu irekhode idatha yomlando, esiza ukuhlaziya amaphethini e-DO (isb, ukusetshenziswa kwasebusuku, izinguquko ngemva kokuphakela) ukuze kuthuthukiswe amasu okuphakela kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha.
Imiphumela:
- Ukunciphisa Ubungozi: Izehlakalo zokufa kwabantu abaningi ezicishe zaqedwa ("ezintantayo") ezibangelwa i-hypoxia engazelelwe, okwenza ngcono kakhulu amazinga empumelelo yokulima.
- Ukonga Izindleko: Ukungenisa umoya okunembile kunciphise isikhathi sokungenzi lutho sama-aera, konga cishe u-30% ezikweletini zikagesi.
- Ukusebenza Okuthuthukisiwe: Abaphathi babengasadingi ukuhlolwa okwenziwa njalo futhi base bekwazi ukuqapha wonke amachibi ngama-smartphones abo, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokuphatha.
- Ukukhula Okuthuthukisiwe: Indawo ezinzile ye-DO ikhuthaze ukukhula kwezimfanzi ezifanayo, ithuthukise isivuno sokugcina nosayizi.
2. Izimo Zokusebenza Kwamanye Amazwe AseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia
- Thailand: Grouper/Seabass Cage Culture
- Inselele: Isiko lekheji emanzini avulekile kuthonywa kakhulu amagagasi namagagasi, okuholela ekushintsheni kwekhwalithi yamanzi ngokushesha. Izinhlobo eziminyene kakhulu njenge-grouper zizwela kakhulu ku-hypoxia.
- Isicelo: Izinzwa ze-DO ezimelana nokubola ezifakwe emakhejini zihlinzeka ngokuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela. Izaziso ziyaqaliswa uma i-DO yehla ngenxa yokuqhakaza kwe-algal noma ukushintshaniswa kahle kwamanzi, okuvumela abalimi ukuthi benze ama-aera angaphansi kwamanzi asebenze noma bathuthe amakheji ukuze bagweme ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho.
- Indonesia: Integrated Polyculture Ponds
- Inselele: Ezinhlelweni ze-polyculture (isb, inhlanzi, izimfanzi, inkalankala), umthwalo webhayoloji uphezulu, ukusetshenziswa komoyampilo kubalulekile, futhi izinhlobo ezihlukene zinezidingo ze-DO ezihlukahlukene.
- Isicelo: Izinzwa ziqapha amaphuzu abalulekile, zisiza abalimi ukuthi baqonde amaphethini okusetshenziswa komoyampilo we-ecosystem yonke. Lokhu kuholela ezinqumweni zesayensi ezengeziwe mayelana namanani okudla kanye nezikhathi zokungenisa umoya, okuqinisekisa indawo enhle yazo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane.
- I-Malaysia: Amapulazi Ezinhlanzi Zokuhlobisa
- Inselele: Izinhlanzi zokuhlobisa zenani eliphezulu njenge-Arowana ne-Koi zinezidingo eziqinile zekhwalithi yamanzi. I-hypoxia encane ingathinta umbala nesimo sayo, inciphise kakhulu inani lazo.
- Isicelo: Izinzwa ze-DO ezinembayo eziphezulu zisetshenziswa emathangeni amancane kakhonkolo noma ku-Indoor Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS). Lezi zihlanganiswe nezinhlelo zomjovo we-oksijini ohlanzekile ukuze kugcinwe i-DO ezingeni eliphezulu nelizinzile, kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nempilo yezinhlanzi zokuhlobisa.
3. Isifinyezo senani elingumongo elihlinzekwe yiSicelo
| Inani Lohlelo | Ukubonakaliswa Okuqondile |
|---|---|
| Isexwayiso Ngobungozi, Ukunciphisa Ukulahlekelwa | Ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela nama-alamu asheshayo kuvimbela ukufa okukhulu kwe-hypoxic—inani eliqondile nelibaluleke kakhulu. |
| Ukonga Amandla, Ukwehliswa Kwezindleko | Inika amandla ukulawula okuhlakaniphile kwemishini yokufaka umoya, igwema ukumosheka kwamandla futhi yehlise kakhulu izindleko zokusebenza. |
| Ukuthuthukiswa Kwempumelelo, Ukuphathwa Kwesayensi | Inika amandla ukuqapha okukude, ukunciphisa abasebenzi; izinqumo eziqhutshwa idatha zithuthukisa ukusebenza kwansuku zonke njengokuphakelayo nemithi. |
| Ukwandiswa Kwesivuno Nekhwalithi | Indawo ye-DO ezinzile ikhuthaza ukukhula okunempilo nokusheshayo, ithuthukisa isivuno seyunithi ngayinye kanye nomkhiqizo规格 (usayizi/ibanga). |
| Ukugqugquzela Umshwalense Nezezimali | Amarekhodi okuphatha edijithali ahlinzeka ngedatha ethembekile yamapulazi, okwenza kube lula ukuthola umshwalense wezolimo kanye nemalimboleko yasebhange. |
4. Izinselele kanye Nezitayela Zesikhathi esizayo
Naphezu kokusetshenziswa okubanzi, ezinye izinselele zisekhona:
- Izindleko Zokuqala Zokutshala: Uhlelo oluphelele lwe-IoT lusamele izindleko ezinkulu kubalimi abancane, ngabanye.
- Ukugcinwa Kwezinzwa: Izinzwa zidinga ukuhlanzwa okuvamile (ukuvimbela i-biofouling) nokulinganisa, kufuna izinga elithile lekhono lobuchwepheshe kubasebenzisi.
- Inethiwekhi: Izimpawu zenethiwekhi zingase zingazinzi kwezinye izindawo ezikude zokulima.
Amathrendi Azayo:
- Izindleko Eziyehlayo Zenzwa Nokwanda Kobuchwepheshe: Izintengo zizothengeka kakhulu ngenxa yentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nesilinganiso somnotho.
- Ama-Multi-Parameter Integrated Probes: Ukuhlanganisa izinzwa ze-DO, i-pH, izinga lokushisa, i-ammonia, usawoti, njll., zibe uphenyo olulodwa ukuze kuhlinzekwe iphrofayili yekhwalithi yamanzi ephelele.
- I-AI kanye Nokuhlaziywa Kwedatha Enkulu: Ukuhlanganisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa hhayi nje ukuxwayisa kodwa nokubikezela amathrendi ekhwalithi yamanzi futhi unikeze izeluleko zokuphatha ezihlakaniphile (isb, ukubikezela umoya).
- Imodeli “Yezinzwa-njenge-Service”: Ukuvela kwabahlinzeki besevisi lapho abalimi bekhokha imali yesevisi esikhundleni sokuthenga ihadiwe, lapho umhlinzeki ephethe ukugcinwa nokuhlaziywa kwedatha.
- Futhi singahlinzeka ngezixazululo ezahlukahlukene
1. Imitha ephathwa ngesandla yekhwalithi yamanzi enepharamitha eningi
2. Isistimu ye-Buoy entantayo yekhwalithi yamanzi enepharamitha eminingi
3. Ibhulashi lokuhlanza okuzenzakalelayo lenzwa yamanzi yepharamitha eminingi
4. Isethi ephelele yamaseva nesoftware engenantambo, isekela i-RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-25-2025