Izinzwa zenhlabathi ezinamandla zingenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu ekulinganisweni komswakama wenhlabathi yesimanje (ngokuvamile okungokwezinhlobo ze-frequency-domain reflectometry (FDR)). Umgomo oyinhloko ukuthola ngokungaqondile okuqukethwe komswakama wenhlabathi ngokulinganisa i-dielectric constant yayo. Njengoba i-dielectric constant yamanzi (cishe ama-80) iphakeme kakhulu kunezinye izingxenye enhlabathini (cishe i-1 yomoya kanye ne-3-5 ye-soil matrix), ushintsho oluphelele ku-dielectric constant yenhlabathi luncike kakhulu kokuqukethwe komswakama.
Izici zayo eziyinhloko yilezi ezilandelayo:
I. Amandla Ayinhloko kanye Nezinzuzo
1. Izindleko eziphansi futhi kulula ukuzenza zithandwe
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinzwa ze-reflectometry yesikhathi esinembile kakhulu (i-TDR), izinzwa ze-capacitive zinezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi eziphansi kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza, okwenza zisetshenziswe kabanzi ezimweni ezidinga ukuthunyelwa okukhulu, njengezolimo ezihlakaniphile kanye nokunisela engadini.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kakhulu
Amasekethe okulinganisa amandla ngokwawo asebenzisa amandla aphansi kakhulu futhi afaneleka kakhulu ekuqapheni insimu isikhathi eside kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Intanethi Yezinto ezisebenza ngamabhethri namaphaneli elanga. Angasebenza ngokuqhubekayo izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka.
3. Ingaqashwa njalo isikhathi eside
Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yokomisa edinga ukusebenza ngesandla, izinzwa ezikwazi ukuthwala amanzi zingangcwatshwa enhlabathini ukuze zenze ukuqoqwa kwedatha okunganakiwe, okuqhubekayo nokuzenzekelayo, futhi zingabamba inqubo yokushintshashintsha komswakama wenhlabathi, njengethonya lokunisela, imvula kanye nokuhwamuka kwamanzi.
4. Incane ngobukhulu futhi kulula ukuyifaka
Ama-sensor avame ukwakheka njengama-probe. Mane ubhoboze imbobo endaweni yokulinganisa bese ufaka i-probe uqonde enhlabathini, udale umonakalo omncane esakhiweni senhlabathi.
5. Ukuqina okuhle futhi akukho ukukhishwa kwemisebe
Ngokungafani namamitha e-neutron, izinzwa ze-capacitive azibandakanyi noma yimiphi imithombo yemisebe, ziphephile ukuzisebenzisa, futhi azidingi imvume ekhethekile noma isivikelo.
6. Kuhlanganisiwe futhi kuhlakaniphile
Kulula kakhulu ukuhlanganisa nabaqoqi bedatha namamojula okudlulisa angenantambo (njenge-4G/LoRa/NB-IoT) ukuze kwakheke inethiwekhi ephelele yokuqapha umswakama wenhlabathi. Abasebenzisi bangabuka idatha bekude ngesikhathi sangempela ngamapulatifomu eselula noma ekhompyutha.
Ii. Ukulinganiselwa kanye Nezinselele
Ukunemba kokulinganisa kuthintwa yizici eziningi
Ithonya lokuthungwa komhlabathi: Ama-calibration curves obumba, i-loam kanye nomhlabathi onesihlabathi ahlukile. Ama-sensor avame ukulinganiswa ngesihlabathi esijwayelekile kanye nomhlabathi lapho ephuma efektri. Ukusetshenziswa ngqo enhlabathini enezinhlobo ezahlukene kuzodala amaphutha.
Ithonya lokuqhutshwa kukagesi wenhlabathi (usawoti): Lena ingenye yemithombo eyinhloko yamaphutha ezinzwa ze-capacitive. Ama-ion kasawoti enhlabathini angaphazamisa amasimu kagesi, okwenza amanani alinganisiwe abe phezulu. Enhlabathini enosawoti, ukunemba kokulinganisa kuzokwehla kakhulu.
Ukuminyana kwenhlabathi kanye nethonya lokugoba: Ukuthi i-probe isondelene nenhlabathi nokuthi ngabe kunezimbobo ezinkulu noma amatshe enhlabathini konke kuzothinta ukunemba kwemiphumela yokulinganisa.
Ithonya lokushisa: Ukungaguquguquki kwe-dielectric kuyashintsha ngokushisa. Izinzwa zekhwalithi ephezulu zinezinzwa zokushisa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ukuze zinxephezele, kodwa umphumela wokunciphisa ulinganiselwe.
2. Ukulinganiswa kwendawo kuyadingeka
Ukuze kutholakale imiphumela yokulinganisa enembile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezithile zenhlabathi, ukulinganiswa kwendawo kuvame ukudingeka. Okusho ukuthi, amasampula enhlabathi ayaqoqwa, okuqukethwe komswakama kwangempela kulinganiswa ngendlela ejwayelekile yokomisa, bese kuqhathaniswa nokufundwa kwenzwa ukuze kusungulwe i-equation yokulinganisa yendawo. Lesi yisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuqinisekisa ukunemba kwedatha, kodwa futhi kwandisa izindleko zokusetshenziswa kanye nomkhawulo wobuchwepheshe.
3. Ububanzi bokulinganisa busendaweni ethile
Ububanzi bokulinganisa benzwa bukhawulelwe kumthamo olinganiselwe wenhlabathi ezungeze i-probe (okungukuthi, "indawo ebucayi" yenzwa). Le ndawo ivame ukuba yincane kakhulu (amasentimitha ambalwa e-cubic), ngakho-ke umphumela wokulinganisa umelela ulwazi "lwephuzu". Ukuze uqonde izimo zomswakama wenhlabathi yensimu yonke, kudingeka kumiswe amaphuzu amaningi.
4. Ukuqina kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuzulazula
Uma igqitshwe enhlabathini isikhathi eside, insimbi yeprobe ingaguga ngenxa yokugqwala kwe-electrolytic noma isenzo samakhemikhali, okubangela ukuthi amanani okulinganisa akhukhuleke. Kudingeka ukuhlolwa njalo nokulungiswa kabusha.
Iii. Izimo Ezisebenzayo kanye Neziphakamiso Zokukhetha
Izimo ezifanele kakhulu
Ezolimo ezihlakaniphile kanye nokunisela ngokunembile: Ukuqapha ukuguquguquka komswakama wenhlabathi, ukuqondisa ukuthi kufanele kuniselwe nini nokuthi kufanele kuniselwe amanzi angakanani, ukufeza ukongiwa kwamanzi kanye nokwanda komkhiqizo.
Ukulungiswa kwezindawo eziluhlaza kanye nenkundla yegalofu: Izinzwa eziyinhloko zezinhlelo zokunisela ezizenzakalelayo.
Ucwaningo lwesayensi: Ucwaningo emikhakheni efana ne-ecology, i-hydrology, kanye ne-meteorology oludinga ukuqapha umswakama wenhlabathi isikhathi eside nangokuqhubekayo.
Isexwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi senhlekelele ye-geology: Qapha umswakama wenhlabathi emithambekeni nasemaceleni omgwaqo ukuze uxwayise ngezingozi zokudilika komhlaba.
Izimo ezidinga ukusetshenziswa ngokuqapha:
Ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi enosawoti omningi kanye ne-alkali ephezulu: Ngaphandle kokuthi kusetshenziswe amamodeli aklanywe ngokukhethekile futhi alinganisiwe, ukuthembeka kwedatha kuphansi.
Ezimweni zesitifiketi se-metrological ezinezidingo eziphezulu kakhulu zokunemba okuphelele: Ngalesi sikhathi, kungadingeka ukucabangela izinzwa ze-TDR ezibizayo noma ukusebenzisa ngqo indlela yokomisa.
Kalula nje, izinzwa zomhlabathi ezikwazi ukusebenza kahle ziyindlela "engabizi kakhulu". Nakuba zingase zinganikezi amanani aqondile ngokuphelele ezingeni lelabhorethri, zingabonisa kahle kakhulu umkhuba wokushintsha kanye nephethini yomswakama wenhlabathi kusukela komile kuya kokumanzi. Ezinqumweni eziningi zokukhiqiza nokuphatha, lokhu sekuvele kunenani elikhulu. Ukuqonda kahle izici zayo nokwenza umsebenzi omuhle ekulinganisweni kuyizihluthulelo zokuyisebenzisa kahle.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe lwenzwa yomhlabathi, sicela uxhumane neHonde Technology Co., LTD.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-01-2025