Njengoba intuthuko esheshayo yezolimo ezihlakaniphile, izinzwa zomhlabathi, njengemishini eyinhloko yezolimo ezinembile, ukunemba kwedatha yazo kuthinta ngqo izinqumo zokukhiqiza kwezolimo. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa kanye nokulawula ukunemba sekuyizici ezibalulekile ezithinta ukuthembeka kwedatha yezinzwa zomhlabathi, futhi le nkinga ithola ukunakwa okukhulu embonini.
Ubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa: Umzila wokuqala wokuvikela ukunemba kwedatha
Ukulinganiswa kwezinzwa zomhlabathi kuyisinyathelo esiyisisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukunemba kwedatha. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi iphutha lokuqapha idatha yezinzwa ezingakalinganiswa lingafinyelela ku-30%, kanti ngemva kokulinganiswa kobungcweti, iphutha lingalawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-5%. Njengamanje, izindlela zokulinganisa ezijwayelekile zifaka phakathi ukulinganiswa kwelabhorethri kanye nokulinganiswa endaweni.
“Ukuhlolwa kwenzwa akuyona inqubo eyenzeka kanye kuphela,” kusho uchwepheshe wase-Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. “Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kuyadingeka ngokusekelwe ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zenhlabathi, amazinga omswakama kanye nezimo zokushisa ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwedatha.”
Izici zemvelo: Izinto ezinethonya ezingenakuzinakwa
Izici ezingokwemvelo zenhlabathi zinomthelela omkhulu ekunembileni kwenzwa. Okuqukethwe usawoti enhlabathini kuzothinta ngqo ukulinganiswa kokuhamba kukagesi, kuyilapho izinguquko ekushiseni kwenhlabathi zizothinta ukufundwa kwezinzwa zomswakama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqina kanye nenani le-pH yenhlabathi nakho kungaphazamisa imiphumela yokuqapha.
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi uma izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi liphakathi kuka-5 kuya ku-35℃, ukunemba kwenzwa yomswakama kuphakeme kakhulu. Uma idlula leli banga, kudingeka ukulinganiswa kokulinganisela izinga lokushisa. Lesi futhi yisona sizathu esenza ukuthi izinzwa zomhlabathi ezisezingeni eliphezulu zonke zihlonyiswe ngezinzwa zokushisa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Amapharamitha obuchwepheshe: Isihluthulelo sokuhlukanisa amamaki okunemba
Izinzwa zamabanga ahlukene okucacisa zibonisa umehluko omkhulu kudatha yokuqapha. Izinzwa zebanga lelabhorethri zingafinyelela ukunemba kokulinganisa okungu-±2%, kuyilapho ukunemba kwezinzwa zebanga lezolimo kuvame ukuba cishe ku-±5%. Lo mehluko ekunembileni uthinta ngqo ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kokuqoqwa kwedatha.
“Uma ukhetha izinzwa, umuntu akufanele abheke intengo kuphela,” kusho umuntu ophethe iphrojekthi ye-HONDE smart Agriculture. “Izinga lokunemba elifanele kufanele likhethwe ngokusekelwe ezimweni zangempela zokusetshenziswa.” Isibonelo, amaphrojekthi ocwaningo lwesayensi adinga izinzwa ezinokunemba okuphezulu, kuyilapho ekutshalweni kwensimu, izinzwa zezinga lezolimo zanele.
Ukufakwa nokugcinwa: Izinto ezibalulekile ezithinta ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside
Indlela efanele yokufaka kanye nokugcinwa njalo nakho kuthinta ukunemba kwedatha yesensa. Lapho ufaka, naka ukuqina kokuxhumana phakathi kwesensa nomhlabathi ukuze ugweme ukudala izikhala ezingathinta imiphumela yokulinganisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanza njalo ubuso besensa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwakheka kwekristalu kasawoti kanye nokunamathela komhlabathi nakho kuyisinyathelo esidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukunemba.
“Sincoma ukulinganiswa endaweni kanye njalo ngekota,” kusho ochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe. “Ikakhulukazi ngemva kokufaka umanyolo noma izibulala-zinambuzane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola ukunemba kwezinzwa.”
Isixazululo: Indlela ephumelelayo yokuthuthukisa ukunemba kwedatha
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kwedatha, imboni yethule izixazululo ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa amapharamitha amaningi ukuze kulinganiswe ngasikhathi sinye amapharamitha amaningi njengokushisa kwenhlabathi, umswakama, kanye nokuqhuba kukagesi, kanye nokuzilungisa ngokubambisana ngama-algorithms. Thuthukisa i-algorithm yokulinganisa eguquguqukayo ukuze ulungise ngokuzenzakalelayo amapharamitha ngokuya ngezinguquko zemvelo; Futhi usungule uhlelo lokulinganisa olukude ukuze kufezwe ukulinganisa okuku-inthanethi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kokuqapha.
Lezi zinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe zithuthukise kakhulu ukunemba kwedatha yezinzwa zenhlabathi zesimanje, zinikeza ukwesekwa kwedatha okuthembekile kakhulu kwezolimo ezinembile.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, ukunemba nokuthembeka kwezinzwa zomhlabathi kuthuthuka njalo. Ochwepheshe basikisela ukuthi lapho abasebenzisi bekhetha futhi besebenzisa izinzwa, kufanele babheke umsebenzi wokulinganisa njengobaluleke kakhulu, benze ukuhlolwa kokunemba njalo, baqinisekise ukunemba kwedatha yokuqapha, futhi banikeze isisekelo sesayensi sokukhiqiza kwezolimo.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe lwenzwa yomhlabathi,
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-22-2025