Umklamo Omusha Wokulwa Nokuvinjelwa Ohlanganiswe Nobuchwepheshe be-IoT Uhlinzeka Ngokusekelwa Kwedatha Okuthembekile Kokulawulwa Kwezikhukhula Zasemadolobheni Nokuphathwa Kwemithombo Yamanzi
I. Isizinda Semboni: Isidingo Esiphuthumayo Sokuqapha Imvula Ngendlela Enembile
Njengoba ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke kuqhubeka nokwanda kanye nokuvela njalo kwezehlakalo zemvula enkulu, kuye kwadingeka izidingo eziphakeme ekuqondeni ukunemba kanye nekhono langempela lokuqapha imvula. Emikhakheni efana nokuqapha isimo sezulu, ukulawulwa kwezikhukhula zokulondolozwa kwamanzi, kanye namadolobha ahlakaniphile, imishini yokuqapha imvula yendabuko ibhekene nezinselele ezintathu ezinkulu:
- Ukunemba okwanele: Amaphutha kumageji emvula ajwayelekile anda kakhulu ngesikhathi semvula enkulu
- Ukulungiswa njalo: Amaqabunga anjengemfucumfucu kanye nenhlabathi kubangela ukuvinjelwa kalula, okuthinta ukuqhubeka kwedatha
- Ukudluliswa kwedatha okulibazisekile: Imishini yendabuko iyahluleka ukufeza ukudluliswa kwedatha okude ngesikhathi sangempela
Isibonelo, ngo-2023, idolobha elisogwini labhekana nezixwayiso zokuthi izikhukhula zibambezelekile ngenxa yokwehluka kwedatha yokuqapha imvula, okwaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezomnotho, okugqamisa isidingo esiphuthumayo semishini yokuqapha imvula ethembeke kakhulu.
II. Ukusungula Izinto Ezintsha Kwezobuchwepheshe: Izixazululo Eziphumelelayo Ze-New Generation Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge
Ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga embonini, inkampani yezobuchwepheshe bezemvelo yethule inzwa yesilinganiso semvula yesizukulwane esisha enikeza isivuno esikhulu, ifinyelele impumelelo embonini ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obune obuyisisekelo:
- Ubuchwepheshe Bokulinganisa Ngokunembile
- Yamukela umklamo ohambisanayo webhakede eliphindwe kabili ukuze kufezwe isilinganiso esinembile ngesisombululo esingu-0.1mm
- Amabheringi ensimbi engagqwali aqinile aqinisekisa ukuzinza ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo isikhathi eside
- Ukunemba kokulinganisa kufinyelela ngaphakathi kuka-±2% (izinga likazwelonke lingu-±4%)
- Uhlelo Oluhlakaniphile Lokulwa Nokuvinjelwa
- Umklamo wesikrini sokuhlunga esinezingqimba ezimbili osushayo uvimba ngempumelelo udoti onjengamaqabunga nezinambuzane
- Isakhiwo sobuso esizihlanzayo sisebenzisa ukugeleza kwemvelo kwamanzi emvula ukugcina ukuhlanzeka kwemishini
- Umjikelezo wokulungisa unwetshiwe kusukela enyangeni eyodwa kuya ezinyangeni eziyisithupha
- Ipulatifomu Yokuhlanganiswa kwe-IoT
- Imojuli yokuxhumana ye-4G/NB-IoT eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ivumela ukudluliswa kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela
- Isekela uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla elanga, ivumelana nezimo ezingenawo amandla egridi
- Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo nezinkundla zokuxwayisa zesimo sezulu, kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphendula isixwayiso sibe yimizuzu emi-3
- Ukuthuthukiswa Kokuzivumelanisa Nezimo Kwemvelo
- Amandla okusebenza kobubanzi bokushisa (-30℃ kuya ku-70℃)
- Umklamo wokuvikela umbani oqinisekiswe ngokwezinga le-IEEE C62.41.2
- Indlu evikela i-UV evikela ukuguga kwe-ultraviolet, impilo yenkonzo edlula iminyaka eyi-10
III. Umkhuba Wokusebenza: Icala Lempumelelo Esiteshini Sokuqapha Amanzi Sesifundazwe
Kuphrojekthi yokuhlola eyenziwe yihhovisi lesifundazwe le-hydrological, amasethi angu-200 ezilinganiso zemvula ezintsha zebhakede le-tipping asetshenziswe emigodini emikhulu yemifula kulo lonke isifundazwe, okubonisa imiphumela ebalulekile:
- Ukunemba kwedatha okuthuthukisiwe: Ngesikhathi semvula enkulu “engu-7·20″, ukunemba kwafinyelela ku-98.7% uma kuqhathaniswa nedatha yemvula yeradar yendabuko
- Izindleko zokulungisa ezincishisiwe: Ukuqapha kude kunciphisa kakhulu imvamisa yokuhlola endaweni, kunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa zonyaka ngo-65%
- Ukusebenza kahle kwesixwayiso okuthuthukisiwe: Ingozi yezikhukhula ezisheshayo ezibikezelwe ngokunembile esifundeni esinezintaba imizuzu engama-42 kusengaphambili, okunikeza isikhathi esibalulekile sokuphuma kwabantu.
- Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo eziningi: Kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekuqapheni ukugcwala kwamanzi emadolobheni, ukuhlela ukunisela kwezolimo, ucwaningo lwe-hydrology yamahlathi, kanye neminye imikhakha
IV. Umthelela Wemboni Namathemba Esikhathi Esizayo
- Ubuholi Obujwayelekile
- Imininingwane yobuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo ifakwe ku-“National Hydological Monitoring Construction Technical Guidelines”
- Ngihlanganyele ekuhlanganiseni “Indinganiso Yeqembu Yemishini Yokuqapha Imvula Ehlakaniphile”
- Ukwanda Kwemvelo
- Kuhlanganiswe namapulatifomu edolobha ahlakaniphile ukuze kufezwe ukuxhumana "kwemvula, amanzi angcolile kanye nesixwayiso sakuqala"
- Kunikezwe idatha yemvula enegunya yokuxazulula izimangalo zenhlekelele kumshuwalense wezolimo
- Ukuziphendukela Kwezobuchwepheshe
- Ukuthuthukisa ama-algorithms okulinganisa aguquguqukayo asekelwe ku-AI
- Ukuhlola izindlela zokudlulisa ngokubambisana kwesathelayithi nomhlaba ukuze kuthuthukiswe amakhono okuqapha ezindaweni ezikude
Isiphetho
Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yesilinganiso semvula sesizukulwane esisha esilinganisa imvula iphawula ushintsho olubalulekile ekuqapheni imvula kusukela “ekuqopheni okungenamsebenzi” kuya “ekuxwayisweni okusebenzayo.” Njengoba ukutshalwa kwezimali kuzwelonke kuqhubeka nokwanda ekuqapheni kwamanzi, emadolobheni ahlakaniphile, nakweminye imikhakha, le mishini yokuqapha ethembekile kakhulu nehlakaniphile izohlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuqinile kobuchwepheshe ekuvimbeleni izinhlekelele kanye nokuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi.
Isethi ephelele yamaseva kanye ne-software engenantambo module, isekela i-RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-12-2025