Isingeniso
I-Indonesia inemithombo yamanzi eminingi; nokho, izinselelo zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokwanda kwezindawo zasemadolobheni kwenze ukuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi kwaba nzima kakhulu, okuholele ezinkingeni ezifana nezikhukhula ezisheshayo, ukunisela kwezolimo okungasebenzi kahle, kanye nokucindezela izinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi emadolobheni. Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinselele, iziteshi zokuqapha amanzi zisebenzisa kabanzi ubuchwepheshe bokuqapha imvula ukuze ziqonde ngokunembile izimo zemvula futhi zithuthukise ukuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kwezilinganiso zemvula ekuqapheni izikhukhula ezisheshayo, ukuphathwa kwezolimo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwedolobha elihlakaniphile.
I. Ukuqapha Izikhukhula Ezisheshayo
Izikhukhula ezisheshayo ziyinhlekelele yemvelo evamile ezindaweni ezinezintaba zase-Indonesia, ezibeka usongo olukhulu empilweni nasempahleni. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, iziteshi zokuqapha amanzi zisebenzisa amageyiji emvula ukuqapha imvula ngesikhathi sangempela futhi zikhiphe izixwayiso zezikhukhula ezisheshayo ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ucwaningo Lwecala: Isifundazwe saseWest Java
ENtshonalanga yeJava, kubekwe amageyiji amaningi emvula ezindaweni ezibalulekile ukuqapha imvula ngesikhathi sangempela. Lapho imvula ifika emkhawulweni wesixwayiso ochazwe kusengaphambili, isiteshi sokuqapha sithumela izaziso kubahlali nge-SMS kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sesigameko semvula enkulu ngo-2019, isiteshi sokuqapha sathola ukwanda okusheshayo kwemvula futhi sakhipha isixwayiso ngesikhathi esifanele, sisiza amadolobhana ukugwema umonakalo obangelwa yizikhukhula ezinkulu.
II. Ukuphathwa Kwezolimo
Ukusetshenziswa kwezikali zemvula nakho kwenza kube nokunisela okungokwesayensi kakhulu kwezolimo, okuvumela abalimi ukuhlela ukunisela ngokusekelwe kudatha yemvula.
Ucwaningo Lwesibonelo: Ukutshala Ilayisi eSiqhingini saseJava
E-Java Island, ama-cooperative ezolimo avame ukusebenzisa ama-rain gauge ukuqapha imvula. Abalimi balungisa izinhlelo zabo zokunisela ngokusekelwe kulolu lwazi ukuze bavimbele ukunisela okunganele kanye nokunisela ngokweqile. Ngo-2021, ngokusebenzisa ukuqapha imvula, abalimi bathuthukise ukuphathwa kwabo kwamanzi ngesikhathi sokukhula okubalulekile, okwaholela ekukhuleni kwesivuno ngo-20% uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka edlule, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokunisela ngo-25%.
III. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwedolobha Elihlakaniphile
Uma kukhulunywa ngezinhlelo zedolobha elihlakaniphile, ukuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi okuphumelelayo kubalulekile. Ubuchwepheshe bokuqapha i-rain gauge buthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuphatha imithombo yamanzi yasemadolobheni.
Ucwaningo Lwecala: I-Jakarta
IJakarta ibhekene nezinselelo ezivame ukukhukhula, okwenza uhulumeni wendawo ahlanganise izinhlelo zokuqapha i-rain gauge eziteshini ezinkulu zokukhipha amanzi ukuze kuqashwe imvula kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi ngesikhathi sangempela. Uma imvula idlula imingcele ebekiwe, uhlelo lukhipha izexwayiso ngokuzenzakalelayo eziphathimandleni ezifanele, okubangela izinyathelo eziphuthumayo. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sesigameko semvula enkulu ngo-2022, idatha yokuqapha yenza uhulumeni wendawo wakwazi ukufaka imishini yokukhipha amanzi ngokushesha, okunciphisa kakhulu imiphumela emibi yezikhukhula kubantu abahlala khona.
Isiphetho
Ubuchwepheshe bokuqapha i-rain gauge budlala indima ebalulekile ekuqapheni izikhukhula ezisheshayo, ukuphathwa kwezolimo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha ahlakaniphile e-Indonesia. Ngokuhlinzeka ngedatha yemvula yesikhathi sangempela, iziphathimandla ezifanele zingasebenzisa amasu okuphatha imithombo yamanzi aphumelelayo kanye nokuphendula izinhlekelele. Ukuqhubekela phambili, ukuthuthukisa ukutholakala kwamadivayisi okuqapha i-rain gauge kanye nokuthuthukisa amakhono okuhlaziya idatha kuzoqinisa kakhulu ikhono lase-Indonesia lokuphatha imithombo yamanzi esimweni sokushintsha kwesimo sezulu nokukhuthaza intuthuko esimeme.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-07-2025