Isingeniso
I-Brazil izidla ngoxhaxha lwemifula emikhulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nemithombo yamanzi amaningi, nokho ukusatshalaliswa kwayo akulingani kakhulu. Ukuqapha okunembayo nokunembayo kwe-hydrological kubalulekile kule “global bread basket” kanye ne-industrial powerhouse, okunomthelela ekuphathweni kwemithombo yamanzi, ukuchelela ngenkasa kwezolimo, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, nokulawulwa kwezikhukhula. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amamitha okugeleza kwerada okungewona othintana nawo wohlobo lwe-Chinese Honde kanye nezikali zeleveli ye-radar zingene ngempumelelo emakethe yaseBrazil, zathola ukudonswa ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bazo obuthuthukile, ukuzinza okukhethekile, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko eziphezulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo okusabalele kuzo zonke izigodi zemifula emikhulu kufake umfutho omusha wobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni nezolimo zaseBrazil.
I. Izimo Zokusebenza: Ukuthunyelwa Okujwayelekile Kwezinzwa Ze-Honde Hydrological e-Brazil
Icala 1: Ukuphathwa Kwezolimo Okuniselwe Kakhulu e-São Francisco River Basin
- Isendlalelo: Umfula i-São Francisco “ungumfula wempilo” endaweni yase-Brazil eyomile kancane eNyakatho-mpumalanga, isekela amaphrojekthi amaningi okunisela ngenkasa osebeni lwawo. Ukulawulwa okunembile kwezinga lamanzi nokugeleza emiseleni yokunisela kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamanzi ngokulinganayo nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle. Izinzwa zokuthintana zendabuko zijwayele ukuvaleka ukhula nenhlabathi, okuholela ezindlekweni eziphezulu zokunakekela.
- Isixazululo: Ikomidi elilawula umfula ukhiphe inani elikhulu lamageji erada ye-Chinese Honde kanye namamitha okugeleza kweshaneli evulekile ye-radar ezindaweni ezibalulekile zemisele emikhulu neyesibili.
- Imodeli Yohlelo Lokusebenza: Ibekwe ngenhla kwamashaneli, izinzwa ze-radar ziqhubeka nokukala izinga lamanzi ngaphandle kokuthintana. Izinga lokugeleza kwesikhathi sangempela libalwa kusetshenziswa ama-algorithms akhelwe ngaphakathi kanye nedatha yejiyomethri yesiteshi. Idatha idluliswa ngaphandle kwentambo ngamanethiwekhi e-4G/NB-IoT ukuya endaweni emaphakathi yokuthunyelwa kwemithombo yamanzi.
- Imiphumela:
- I-Precision Water Distribution: Isikhungo sokuthumela singaqapha ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngesikhathi sangempela endaweni ngayinye, sivumele ukwaba okunembayo, okudingekayo kanye nokunciphisa imfucuza nezingxabano phakathi kwabasebenzisi abakhuphuka nomfula.
- Ukungaxhumani Nokuthintwa, Ukugcinwa Okuphansi: Ubuchwepheshe be-radar buqeda ngokuphelele ukungalungi kokulinganisa kanye nokulimala kwedivayisi okubangelwa ukungcola nokungcoliswa kwemvelo, kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza, ukugcinwa, nezindleko zabasebenzi.
- Umphumela Wezolimo Owandayo: Uqinisekisa ukuchelela okwanele ngesikhathi sezigaba ezibalulekile zokukhula kwezitshalo, kukhuphula isivuno sezolimo kanye nemali engenayo yabalimi kuso sonke isifunda sokunisela.
Icala 2: Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesikhungo Samandla Kagesi Esigodini Somfula iParaná
- Isendlalelo: Umfula iParaná “uyindawo yamandla” yaseBrazil, egcwele izitshalo eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi. Ukusebenza kahle kwezitshalo kuncike kakhulu kudatha enembile yokungena kwechibi kanye nezinga lamanzi e-forebay. Amageji ezinga lengcindezi evamile ajwayele ukukhukhuleka futhi adinga ukulinganiswa okuvamile.
- Isixazululo: Izitshalo ezinkulu eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi zethule izikali zeleveli ye-radar enembayo ephezulu ye-Honde ukuze ziqaphe amaleveli e-reservoir kanye ne-forebay, eduze kwamamitha okugeleza kwe-radar ukuze kuqashwe ukukhishwa kwe-turbine.
- Imodeli Yohlelo Lokusebenza: Izikali zeleveli yerada zifakwa ezakhiweni zamadamu noma emabhange azinzile, ahlinzeka ngedatha yezinga elinembile ngamamilimitha, nezinzile. Le datha ifakwa ngokuqondile kusistimu yokulawula emaphakathi yesikhungo (DCS/SCADA) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukulandelana kokumiswa kokuqalisa kanye nokuphuma kwamandla kwamayunithi akhiqizayo.
- Imiphumela:
- Ukwenziwa Kahle Kokukhiqiza Amandla Okuthuthukisiwe: Ikhanda elinembe kakhudlwana (umehluko wezinga lamanzi) kanye nedatha yokugeleza kuvumela izitshalo ukubala amasu okukhiqiza afanele, ukwandisa amandla okukhipha amandla kanye nokukhiqiza izigidi zamadola ngezinzuzo zezomnotho zonyaka.
- Ukuphepha Kwedamu Okuthuthukisiwe: Ukuqapha okuthembekile okungu-24/7 kunikeza idatha ebalulekile yokuhlola ukuphepha kwesakhiwo sedamu.
- Isekela Ukuthunyelwa Kwegridi: Ukubikezela okunembile kwe-hydrological kunikeza izibikezelo ezinokwethenjelwa zokuphuma kwamandla ku-opharetha wegridi kazwelonke, ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwegridi.
Icala 3: Ukulawulwa Kwezikhukhula kanye Nokuqapha Ikhwalithi Yamanzi Emadolobheni AseNingizimu-mpumalanga Yezimboni
- Isendlalelo: Amadolobha afana ne-Rio de Janeiro ne-Belo Horizonte abhekene nezikhukhula ezinkulu zasemadolobheni kanye nokungcola okuhlanganisiwe kwendle (CSO) phakathi nenkathi yemvula. Izinga lokuqapha kanye nesivinini samapayipi adonsa amanzi kanye nemifula kubalulekile ukuze kube nezixwayiso ezifika ngesikhathi kanye nokuhlolwa komthamo wokungcola.
- Isixazululo: Iminyango kamasipala ifake i-Honde radar flow/level metres ezindaweni zokudonsa amanzi ezibalulekile kanye nasemizimbeni emincane yemifula.
- Imodeli Yohlelo Lokusebenza: Idatha yenzwa ihlanganiswe nesikhulumi samanzi esihlakaniphile sedolobha. Ama-alamu acushwa ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho amaleveli noma ukugeleza kweqa imingcele, futhi angaxhunyaniswa namakhamera ukuze aqophe izimo zesayithi.
- Imiphumela:
- Isexwayiso Sangaphambi Kwezikhukhula: Inikeza isikhathi sokuhola esibalulekile seminyango yokuphatha izimo eziphuthumayo yasemadolobheni ukuze ikhiphe abantu futhi ikhiphe izinsiza.
- Ukulawulwa Kokungcoliswa Kwemvelo: Ilinganisa umthamo ophelele wokuchichima phakathi neziphepho, ihlinzeka ngedatha yama-ejensi emvelo ukuze alandele imithombo yokungcola, ahlole umonakalo wendawo, futhi ahlele ingqalasizinda yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile.
- Ivikela Ukukhiqizwa Kwezimboni: Yehlisa ubungozi bokuvalwa kwefekthri kanye nokuma kokukhiqiza ngenxa yokungena kwezikhukhula.
II. Umthelela Obalulekile Embonini Nezolimo yaseBrazil
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa ze-hydrological ze-Chinese Honde kulethe uguquko lwesistimu, okudlula ukushintshwa kwedivayisi okulula:
1. Umthelela Kwezolimo: Ukushayela Okunembayo Ukuphathwa Kwemithombo Yamanzi
- I-Revolutionized Irrigation Effective: Inike amandla ukweqa kusuka “ekuniselelweni kwezikhukhula” kuya “kunisela nge-drip okufunayo,” okwehlisa kakhulu umfutho wamanzi ezolimo eNyakatho-mpumalanga ethandwa isomiso, kuvikeleke ngqo ukuvikeleka kokudla kuzwelonke kanye namandla okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
- Izindleko Ezincishisiwe Zokusebenza Kwezolimo: Imvelo yokunakekelwa okuphansi kwezinzwa ezingaxhunywanga yonga izindleko ezibalulekile kuma-cooperatives nama-ejensi amanzi ekuhloleni mathupha nokugcinwa kwemishini.
- Ezolimo Ezikhuthazwayo Zenani Eliphezulu: Ukunikezwa kwamanzi okuthembekile kwakhulisa ukuzethemba kwabatshalizimali, kwakhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezitshalo zenani eliphezulu njengamagilebhisi nezithelo ezidinga ukuchelelwa okunembayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa isakhiwo sezolimo.
2. Umthelela Embonini Namandla: Ukunika amandla Ukusebenza Nokuphepha
- Ukukhipha Amandla Avuselelekayo Athuthukisiwe: Kunikezwe amandla okuqapha athuthukisiwe ezimbonini eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi, “inhliziyo” yohlelo lwamandla lwase-Brazil, ukuthuthukisa ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ahlanzekile kanye nokuhlanganisa ubuholi bomhlaba wonke be-Brazil kumandla ophehlwa ngamanzi.
- Ukunikezwa Kwamanzi Kwezimboni Okuqinisekisiwe: Kuhlinzekelwe ngezixazululo ezinokwethenjelwa zokuthatha amanzi kanye nokuqapha imithombo yezimboni ezidinga amanzi kakhulu njengezimayini, i-metallurgy, nephepha, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokukhiqiza nokuzinza.
- Ukusimama Okuthuthukisiwe Kwengqalasizinda: Kuqinise ikhono lamadolobha nezindawo zezimboni ukuze abhekane nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu, kuvikelwe izigidigidi zamarandi ezimpahleni zezimboni ekusongelweni kwezikhukhula.
3. Umthelela Wamasu Amakhulu
- IDemocratization of Technology: Ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe baseShayina kwaphula ukubusa kwemikhiqizo yesikhathi eside kwemikhiqizo yaseYurophu neyaseMelika ekuqaphelweni okunembayo okuphezulu kwe-hydrological, okwenza ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni lomhlaba bufinyeleleke ezikhungweni zaseBrazil kuwo wonke amazinga ngentengo enengqondo, kusheshisa ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje kwenethiwekhi kazwelonke yokuqapha.
- Ukwenziwa Kwezinqumo Okushayelwa Ukwaziswa: Kwakhiwe inethiwekhi “yedijithali yokuphela kwenzwa” ehlanganisa izindikimba zamanzi kazwelonke ezibalulekile, ihlinzeka ngemininingwane yedatha engakaze ibonwe kanye nokwethembeka ekuhleleni imithombo yamanzi yezinga likazwelonke kanye namaphrojekthi okudlulisa amanzi aphakathi kwezigodi (njengokuphambukisa okuhleliwe komfula i-São Francisco).
- Ukubambisana Okuthuthukisiwe Kwe-Sino-Brazilian Technical: Ucwaningo olunjalo oluyimpumelelo lwakha ukwethembana ngokubambisana okujulile emikhakheni yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu (isb, ukongiwa kwamanzi okuhlakaniphile, i-IoT, amandla amasha), okudlulela ngale kokuhweba okumsulwa kuya ku-R&D ehlangene yezixazululo zobuchwepheshe.
Isiphetho
Ukungeniswa kwezinzwa ze-Chinese Honde radar hydrological monitoring eyenziwa yiBrazil kuyisibonelo “sesidingo sokufanisa ubuchwepheshe.” Lawa “mehlo amaShayina,” afakwe emifuleni, emiseleni, nasemadamini, aqapha buthule imithombo yamanzi yaseBrazil ngezici zawo ezingathinteki, ezinembayo nezithembekile kakhulu. Abalethi nje kuphela izinzuzo eziqondile zezomnotho ezifana nokonga amanzi, ukwanda kwesivuno sezolimo, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezimboni nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe kodwa futhi baqhubekisela phambili ukuguqulwa kwedijithali nokuhlakanipha kokuphathwa komthombo wamanzi wase-Brazil ezingeni elijulile. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukubekezelela kwezwe isomiso nezikhukhula futhi kunikeza isisekelo esiqinile sedatha yentuthuko esimeme yase-Brazil kanye nenzuzo yokuncintisana ezimakethe zomhlaba jikelele zezolimo namandla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amathuluzi obuchwepheshe obuphezulu “Enziwe Ngobuhlakani E-China” adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kungqalasizinda ebalulekile yomhlaba.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-21-2025