1. Isizinda
IVietnam, isikhungo esibalulekile sezolimo nezimboni eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ibhekene nezinselele ezinkulu zokungcoliswa kwamanzi, ikakhulukazi ukungcoliswa kwemvelo (i-COD) kanye nezinto eziqinile ezilengayo (ukungcoliswa kwamanzi) emifuleni, emachibini nasezindaweni ezisogwini. Ukuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi okuvamile kuncike ekuthathweni kwamasampula elabhorethri, okuhlushwa ukubambezeleka kwedatha, izindleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi, kanye nokumbozwa okulinganiselwe.
Ngo-2022, uMnyango Wezinsiza Zemvelo Nezemvelo waseVietnam (i-MONRE) wasebenzisa izinzwa zekhwalithi yamanzi ezinamapharamitha amaningi ezindaweni zamanzi ezibalulekile kulo lonke iRed River Delta kanye neMekong Delta, wagxila ekuqapheni i-Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) kanye ne-Turbidity ukuze kuvunyelwe izexwayiso zokungcola ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokulandelela imithombo.
2. Isixazululo Sobuchwepheshe
(1) Imininingwane Yezinzwa Nezici
- Inzwa ye-COD: Isebenzisa i-spectroscopy ye-UV-Vis (akudingeki ama-reagent), ukulinganisa kwesikhathi sangempela (ububanzi obungu-0-500 mg/L, ukunemba okungu-±5%).
- Inzwa Yokujika: Isekelwe kusimiso sokukhanya okuhlakazekile esingu-90° (0-1000 NTU, ukunemba okungu-±2%), umklamo wokulwa nokungcola kwe-biofouling.
- Uhlelo Oluhlanganisiwe: Luhlanganisa izinzwa nokudluliselwa okungenantambo kwe-LoRa/NB-IoT, lulayisha idatha epulatifomu yamafu enesibikezelo sokungcoliswa okunamandla e-AI.
(2) Izimo Zokusetshenziswa
- Izindawo zokukhipha imfucuza yezimboni (iBac Ninh, izifundazwe zaseDong Nai)
- Izitshalo zokuhlanza amanzi amdaka zasemadolobheni (eHanoi, eHo Chi Minh City)
- Izindawo zokufuya izilwane zasemanzini (iMekong Delta)
3. Imiphumela Eyinhloko
(1) Izexwayiso Zokungcola Kwesikhathi Sangempela
- Ngo-2023, inzwa eBac Ninh yathola ukwanda kwe-COD okungazelelwe (kusuka ku-30mg/L kuya ku-120mg/L), okwabangela isexwayiso esizenzakalelayo. Iziphathimandla zathola umthombo efektri yezindwangu ephula imithetho yokukhipha, okwaholela ezijezisweni nasezenzweni zokulungisa.
- Idatha yokungcola isize ekwenzeni ngcono umthamo we-flocculant ezitshalweni zamanzi okuphuza ngesikhathi sokwanda kwe-monsoon silt, yanciphisa izindleko zokwelashwa ngo-10%.
(2) Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezolimo Zasemanzini
Esifundazweni saseBen Tre, amanethiwekhi ezinzwa alungisa ngokuguquguqukayo ama-aerator ukuze alondoloze ukungcoliswa kwamanzi okungaphansi kuka-20 NTU kanye ne-COD <15mg/L, okwandisa amazinga okusinda kwama-shrimp ngo-18%.
(3) Ukuhlaziywa Kwendlela Yokuthambekela Yesikhathi Eside
Idatha yomlando ibonise ukwehla okungu-22% kwamazinga e-COD ajwayelekile (2022-2024) ezingxenyeni zoMfula Obomvu, okuqinisekisa Uhlelo Lokulawula Ukungcoliswa Kwamanzi lwaseVietnam luka-2021-2030.
4. Izinselele Nezixazululo
| Inselele | Isixazululo |
|---|---|
| Ukwakheka kwe-biofilm kuma-sensor | Amabhulashi okuhlanza ngokuzenzakalela + ukulinganisa kwekota |
| Ukugcwala ngokweqile kokungcola ngesikhathi sezikhukhula | Ukusebenza kwemodi yesinxephezelo se-infrared |
| Amandla angazinzile ezindaweni ezikude | Amaphaneli elanga + isipele se-supercapacitor |
5. Izinhlelo Zesikhathi Esizayo
- Inhloso ka-2025: Ukwandisa izindawo zokuqapha kusukela ku-150 kuya ku-500, okuhlanganisa izigodi ezinkulu zemifula eziyi-12.
- Ukuthuthukiswa Kobuchwepheshe: Ukuzwa okukude kwesathelayithi yokushayela + ukuhlanganiswa kwenzwa yomhlabathi yokulandelela ukungcola okukhulu.
- Ukuhlanganiswa Kwenqubomgomo: Ukwabelana ngedatha ngqo namaphoyisa Ezemvelo aseVietnam ukuze kuqiniswe ukulandelwa kwemithetho ngokushesha.
6. Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele
Icala laseVietnam libonisa indlela izinhlelo ze-COD-turbidity multi-sensor eziletha ngayo inani elikhulu ekulawulweni kwezimboni, ukuphepha kwamanzi okuphuza, kanye nokufuywa kwezinhlanzi, okunikeza ikhambi elingabizi kakhulu nelisebenza ngesikhathi sangempela emazweni asathuthuka.
Singaphinde sinikeze izixazululo ezahlukahlukene ze
1. Imitha ephathwayo yekhwalithi yamanzi enamapharamitha amaningi
2. Uhlelo lwe-Floating Buoy lwekhwalithi yamanzi enamapharamitha amaningi
3. Ibhulashi lokuhlanza elizenzakalelayo lenzwa yamanzi enamapharamitha amaningi
4. Isethi ephelele yamaseva kanye nemodyuli engenantambo yesofthiwe, isekela i-RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Ukuze uthole inzwa yamanzi eyengeziwe ulwazi,
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-28-2025