Isingeniso
Ngokuthuthuka kwezolimo ezihlakaniphile, ukuqapha okunembile kwamanzi sekube ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokunisela, ukulawulwa kwezikhukhula, kanye nokumelana nesomiso. Izinhlelo zokuqapha amanzi zendabuko ngokuvamile zidinga izinzwa eziningi ezizimele ukuze zilinganise izinga lamanzi, ijubane lokugeleza, kanye nokukhipha amanzi ngokwehlukana. Kodwa-ke, izinzwa zamanzi ezihlanganisiwe ezisekelwe ku-radar (ezibizwa ngokuthi “izinzwa ezihlanganisiwe”) zihlanganisa le misebenzi ibe yidivayisi eyodwa, engathintani, nenemba kakhulu, okubonisa inani elikhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezolimo.
1. Isimiso Sokusebenza kanye Nezinzuzo Zobuchwepheshe Zezinzwa Ezihlanganisiwe
(1) Isimiso Sokusebenza
- Ukulinganiswa Kwezinga Lamanzi E-Radar: Amagagasi kagesi asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu ayakhishwa, bese isignali eboniswayo ihlaziywa ukuze kutholakale izinga lamanzi.
- Ukulinganiswa Kwejubane Lokugeleza Kwe-Radar: Umphumela we-Doppler usetshenziselwa ukubala ijubane lamanzi ngokuhlaziya ukushintsha kwemvamisa kumagagasi abonisiwe.
- Ukubalwa Kokukhishwa: Kuhlanganisa izinga lamanzi, ijubane, kanye nedatha yesigaba esinqamula isiteshi ukuze kubalwe izinga lokugeleza kwesikhathi sangempela.
(2) Izinzuzo Zobuchwepheshe
✔ Ukulinganisa Okungathintani: Akuthinteki ikhwalithi yamanzi, inhlabathi, noma udoti oluntantayo, okwenza kube kuhle ezindaweni zamanzi zezolimo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
✔ Ukunemba Okuphezulu Nokuzinza: Ukunemba kwezinga lamanzi ezingeni le-millimeter, ngebanga lokulinganisa ijubane elibanzi (0.1–20 m/s).
✔ Ukusebenza Kwesimo Sezulu Sonke: Kusebenza ngokuthembekile ngaphansi kwemvula, iqhwa, noma izimo zokukhanya ezishintshashintshayo, kufanelekile ukuqapha insimu isikhathi eside.
✔ Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Aphansi Nokudluliswa Okungenantambo: Isekela amandla elanga kanye nokulayishwa kwedatha yamafu ngesikhathi sangempela.
2. Izicelo Eziyinhloko Kwezolimo
(1) Ukuphathwa Kokunisela Okunembile
- Ukuqaliswa: Kufakwe eziteshini zokunisela noma emiseleni yokukhipha amanzi ensimini ukuze kuqashwe izinga lamanzi kanye nokugeleza kwawo ngesikhathi sangempela.
- Izinzuzo:
- Ilungisa ukuchelela ngokunamandla ngokusekelwe ekudingweni kwamanzi ezitshalo, inciphisa imfucuza (ukonga amanzi okungu-20%–30%).
- Ihlangana nedatha yomswakama wenhlabathi yokuhlela ukunisela okuzenzakalelayo.
(2) Ukulawulwa Kwezikhukhula Nokuqapha Amanzi Amanzi
- Ukuqaliswa: Kusetshenziswa ezindaweni zasepulazini eziphansi, emiseleni yokuchitheka kwamanzi echibini, noma eduze kweziteshi zokupompa amanzi.
- Izinzuzo:
- Inikeza izixwayiso kusenesikhathi ngesikhathi semvula enkulu ukuvimbela izikhukhula ensimini.
- Isekela ukusebenza kwephampu okuhlakaniphile, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha amanzi.
(3) Ukulima Ngezemvelo kanye Nokufuya Izinhlanzi
- Ukuqaliswa: Kuqapha ukungena/ukugeleza kwamanzi emachibini ezinhlanzi noma ezindaweni ezimanzi ezakhiwe.
- Izinzuzo:
- Igcina amazinga amanzi afanele impilo yasemanzini.
- Kuvimbela ukuwohloka kwekhwalithi yamanzi ngenxa yokuma noma ukugeleza ngokweqile.
(4) Ukuphathwa Kwesifunda Sokunisela
- Ukuqaliswa: Kuxhuma kumapulatifomu e-IoT yezolimo, kwakha inethiwekhi yedatha yesifunda ye-hydrological.
- Izinzuzo:
- Usiza iziphathimandla zamanzi ezinqumweni zokwabiwa.
- Kunciphisa izindleko zokuhlola ngesandla futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuphatha.
3. Umthelela Ekukhiqizweni Kwezolimo
(1) Ukusebenza Kahle Kokusetshenziswa Kwamanzi Okuthuthukisiwe
- Ivumela ukunisela okusekelwe kudatha, inciphise izinselele zokuntuleka kwamanzi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezomile.
(2) Izingozi Zezinhlekelele Ezincishisiwe
- Izixwayiso zezikhukhula/isomiso zakuqala zinciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwezitshalo (isb., amasimu elayisi angaphansi kwamanzi, izivande ezomile).
(3) Ikhuthaza Ezolimo Ezihlakaniphile
- Ihlinzeka ngedatha eyinhloko yamanzi “yamapulazi edijithali,” ivumela ukusebenzisana nama-drones, ama-valve ahlakaniphile, namanye amadivayisi e-IoT.
(4) Izindleko Eziphansi Zomsebenzi Nokunakekela
- Ngokungafani nezinzwa zemishini ezidinga ukuhlanzwa njalo kwenhlabathi, izinzwa ze-radar azidingi ukunakekelwa, okunciphisa izindleko zesikhathi eside.
4. Izinselele kanye namathemba esikhathi esizayo
- Izinselele Zamanje:
- Izindleko eziphezulu zezinzwa zinciphisa ukwamukelwa kwabalimi abancane.
- Izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi (isb., iziteshi ezigobile) zingathinta ukunemba kokulinganisa ijubane.
- Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo:
- Ama-algorithm e-AI okuthuthukisa ukulinganiswa kwedatha (isb., ukufunda komshini ukuze kunxeshezelwe indawo).
- Thuthukisa izinhlobo ezingabizi kakhulu zamapulazi amancane.
Isiphetho
Izinzwa zamanzi ezihlanganisiwe ezisekelwe ku-radar zibhekana nezidingo ezibalulekile zokuqapha ezolimo, zisebenza njengesisekelo sokuphathwa kwamanzi okuhlakaniphile kanye nokulima ngokunemba. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamanzi ngenkathi kusekela ezolimo eziqhubekayo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka futhi izindleko zincipha, lezi zinzwa sezikulungele ukuba yimishini ejwayelekile kwezolimo zanamuhla.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-15-2025