Ukuze kuthuthukiswe umkhiqizo wezolimo futhi kufezwe ezolimo ezinembile, uhulumeni waseBulgaria wethule iphrojekthi entsha ezweni lonke: ukufakwa kwezinzwa zenhlabathi ezithuthukisiwe ezindaweni eziyinhloko zezolimo zezwe ukuze kuqashwe amazinga e-nitrogen (N), i-phosphorus (P) kanye ne-potassium (K) enhlabathini ngesikhathi sangempela. Lesi sinyathelo siphawula isinyathelo esibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezolimo kwesimanje kanye nentuthuko esimeme eBulgaria.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, njengoba izinselelo ezikhulayo ezibangelwa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nokukhula kwenani labantu, ezolimo zendabuko ziye zacindezelwa kakhulu. Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinselelo, umkhakha wezolimo waseBulgaria ufuna ngenkuthalo izixazululo ezintsha zokwandisa isivuno sezitshalo, ukunciphisa imfucuza yezinsiza kanye nokunciphisa umthelela emvelweni. Ukuqaliswa kwephrojekthi yenzwa yomhlabathi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yalo mzamo.
Lo msebenzi, oholwa uMnyango Wezolimo waseBulgaria, uqaliswa ngokubambisana nezinkampani eziningi zobuchwepheshe bezolimo zomhlaba wonke kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo zasendaweni. Lo msebenzi uhlela ukufaka izinzwa zomhlabathi ezithuthukisiwe ezingaphezu kuka-10,000 ezweni lonke zingakapheli iminyaka emithathu. Lezi zinzwa zizosatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezinkulu zokulima izitshalo, okuhlanganisa izindawo zokulima ukolweni, ummbila, i-sunflower kanye nemifino.
Izinzwa zizoqapha inani le-NPK enhlabathini ngesikhathi sangempela futhi zidlulisele idatha kudathabheyisi ephakathi. Ngale datha, abalimi bangaqonda ngesikhathi isimo sezakhamzimba enhlabathini, ukuze bathuthukise uhlelo lokufaka umanyolo olungokwesayensi. Lokhu akusizi nje kuphela ukwandisa isivuno sezitshalo, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa komanyolo kanye nokungcola kwenhlabathi kanye nemithombo yamanzi.
Le phrojekthi isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamuva be-Internet of Things (IoT) kanye nobuchwepheshe be-big data analytics. Izinzwa zidlulisela idatha ngaphandle kwentambo epulatifomu esekelwe efwini, futhi abalimi bangahlola isimo senhlabathi ngesikhathi sangempela besebenzisa ama-smartphone noma amakhompyutha abo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithimba lokuhlaziya idatha lizokwenza ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwedatha eqoqwe ukuze linikeze izeluleko zezolimo ezenzelwe wena kanye nezinsizakalo zokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi.
Ekhuluma ngesikhathi kwethulwa le phrojekthi, uNgqongqoshe Wezolimo waseBulgaria uthe: “Le phrojekthi entsha izoguqula umkhiqizo wethu wezolimo. Ngokuqapha izakhamzimba zomhlabathi ngesikhathi sangempela, singafinyelela umanyolo oqondile, sandise isivuno sezitshalo, sinciphise imfucuza yezinsizakusebenza, futhi sivikele imvelo yethu. Lokhu akusona nje isinyathelo esibalulekile ekwenzeni ezolimo zibe zesimanje, kodwa futhi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokufeza Imigomo Yethu Yentuthuko Eqhubekayo.”
Abalimi abaningi bendawo bayamukele lo msebenzi. Umlimi kakolweni enyakatho yeBulgaria uthe: “Ngaphambi kokuba sisebenzise umanyolo ngokuhlangenwe nakho, manje njengoba sinalezi zinzwa, singakwazi ukusebenzisa umanyolo ngokusekelwe kudatha yangempela. Lokhu ngeke nje kwandise umkhiqizo, kodwa futhi kuzosindisa izindleko, okuyizindaba ezinhle kithina balimi.”
Njengoba iphrojekthi iqhubeka, iBulgaria ihlela ukumboza izindawo eziningi zezolimo ngezinzwa zomhlabathi eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, futhi kancane kancane yethule obunye ubuchwepheshe bezolimo obuthuthukisiwe njengokuqapha ama-drone, izinhlelo zokunisela ezihlakaniphile, nokuningi. Ukusetshenziswa kwalolu buchwepheshe kuzothuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle komkhiqizo wezolimo eBulgaria futhi kukhuthaze intuthuko esimeme yezolimo.
Ukuqaliswa kwephrojekthi yenzwa yomhlabathi eBulgaria akulethi nje kuphela amathuba amasha kwezolimo zezwe, kodwa futhi kunikeza isibonelo kwamanye amazwe nezifunda emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezesayensi nezobuchwepheshe, iBulgaria iqhubekela phambili ekusaseni lezolimo eliluhlaza, elihlakaniphile nelisebenza kahle kakhulu.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-10-2025